Name: roux-en-y gastric bypass operation in rats
Uploaded: 2012-06-11T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats at JoVE.com

Marco Bueter e Florian Seyfried sono stati sostenuti dalla Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Thomas A Lutz è stato sostenuto dal Fondo nazionale svizzero per la ricerca (FNS). Marco Bueter e Thomas Lutz A ulteriore beneficiare di un finanziamento dal National Institute of Health (NIH) e dal Centro Zurigo Integrativa Fisiologia Umana (ZIHP). Carel Le Roux W è stata sostenuta da un Dipartimento di Salute premio scienziato medico. Imperial College di Londra riceve il sostegno del regime di finanziamento NIHR Biomedical Research Centre.

1. Cura preoperatoria <ol><li> Togliere gli alimenti dal ratto durante la notte prima dell&#39;intervento. </li><li> Indurre l&#39;anestesia in camera con il 4-5% del flusso isoflurano e O2 di 2 l / min. </li><li> Shave addome da sterno al bacino con rasoio elettrico. </li><li> Mettere ratto anestetizzato in posizione supina sul pad riscaldamento isotermico. </li><li> Applicare una pomata oculare (Vitagel) prima di mettere il muso dei ratti in dell&#39;ogiva. </li><li> Mantenere l&#39;anestesia con isoflurano concentr...

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D., Chichger, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alterations+of+sucrose+preference+after+Roux-en-Y+gastric+bypass.">Alterations of sucrose preference after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.</a> Physiol. Behav. 104, 709-721 (2011).</li><li>le Roux, C. W., Bueter, M., Theis, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gastric+bypass+reduces+fat+intake+and+preference.">Gastric bypass reduces fat intake and preference.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 301, 1057-1066 (2011).</li><li>Bueter, M., Ashrafian, H., Frankel, A. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sodium+and+water+handling+after+gastric+bypass+surgery+in+a+rat+model.">Sodium and water handling after gastric bypass surgery in a rat model.</a> Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 7, 68-73 (2011).</li><li>Li, J. V., Ashrafian, H., Bueter, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+surgery+profoundly+influences+gut+microbial-host+metabolic+cross-talk.">Metabolic surgery profoundly influences gut microbial-host metabolic cross-talk.</a> Gut. 60, 1214-1223 (2011).</li><li>Ashrafian, H., le Roux, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+surgery+and+gut+hormones+-+a+review+of+bariatric+entero-humoral+modulation.">Metabolic surgery and gut hormones - a review of bariatric entero-humoral modulation.</a> Physiol. Behav. 97, 620-631 (2009).</li><li>Ashrafian, H., Bueter, M., Ahmed, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+surgery:+an+evolution+through+bariatric+animal+models.">Metabolic surgery: an evolution through bariatric animal models.</a> Obes. Rev. 11, 907-920 (2010).</li><li>Rao, R. S., Rao, V., Kini, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+in+bariatric+surgery--a+review+of+the+surgical+techniques+and+postsurgical+physiology.">Animal models in bariatric surgery--a review of the surgical techniques and postsurgical physiology.</a> Obes. Surg. 20, 1293-1305 (2010).</li><li>Seyfried, F., le Roux, C. W., Bueter, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lessons+learned+from+gastric+bypass+operations+in+rats.">Lessons learned from gastric bypass operations in rats.</a> Obes. Facts. 4, 3-12 (2011).</li><li>Fenske, W. K., Bueter, M., Miras, A. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exogenous+peptide+YY3-36+and+Exendin-4+further+decrease+food+intake,+whereas+octreotide+increases+food+intake+in+rats+after+Roux-en-Y+gastric+bypass.">Exogenous peptide YY3-36 and Exendin-4 further decrease food intake, whereas octreotide increases food intake in rats after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.</a> Int. J. Obes. (Lond). , (2011).</li><li>Kreymann, B., Williams, G., Ghatei, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glucagon-like+peptide-1+7-36:+a+physiological+incretin+in+man.">Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36: a physiological incretin in man.</a> Lancet. 2, 1300-1304 (1987).</li><li>le Roux, C. W., Batterham, R. L., Aylwin, S. 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Endosc. 21, 1397-1402 (2007).</li><li>Hajnal, A., Kovacs, P., Ahmed, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gastric+bypass+surgery+alters+behavioral+and+neural+taste+functions+for+sweet+taste+in+obese+rats.">Gastric bypass surgery alters behavioral and neural taste functions for sweet taste in obese rats.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 299, G967-G979 (2010).</li><li>Shin, A. C., Zheng, H., Pistell, P. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Roux-en-Y+gastric+bypass+surgery+changes+food+reward+in+rats.">Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery changes food reward in rats.</a> Int. J. Obes. (Lond). 35, 642-651 (2011).</li><li>Tichansky, D. S., Rebecca, G. A., Madan, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Decrease+in+sweet+taste+in+rats+after+gastric+bypass+surgery.">Decrease in sweet taste in rats after gastric bypass surgery.</a> Surg. Endosc. 25, 1176-1181 (2011).</li><li>Olbers, T., Lonroth, H., Fagevik-Olsen, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoscopic+gastric+bypass:+development+of+technique,+respiratory+function,+and+long-term+outcome.">Laparoscopic gastric bypass: development of technique, respiratory function, and long-term outcome.</a> Obes. Surg. 13, 364-370 (2003).</li><li>Madan, A. K., Harper, J. L., Tichansky, D. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Techniques+of+laparoscopic+gastric+bypass:+on-line+survey+of+American+Society+for+Bariatric+Surgery+practicing+surgeons.">Techniques of laparoscopic gastric bypass: on-line survey of American Society for Bariatric Surgery practicing surgeons.</a> Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 4, 166-172 (2008).</li><li>Bueter, M., Lowenstein, C., Ashrafian, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vagal+sparing+surgical+technique+but+not+stoma+size+affects+body+weight+loss+in+rodent+model+of+gastric+bypass.">Vagal sparing surgical technique but not stoma size affects body weight loss in rodent model of gastric bypass.</a> Obes. Surg. 20, 616-622 (2010).</li><li>Korner, J., Bessler, M., Cirilo, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Roux-en-Y+gastric+bypass+surgery+on+fasting+and+postprandial+concentrations+of+plasma+ghrelin,+peptide+YY,+and+insulin.">Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on fasting and postprandial concentrations of plasma ghrelin, peptide YY, and insulin.</a> J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 359-365 (2005).</li><li>Schwartz, M. W., Woods, S. C., Porte, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Central+nervous+system+control+of+food+intake.">Central nervous system control of food intake.</a> Nature. 404, 661-671 (2000).</li><li>Abbott, C. R., Monteiro, M., Small, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+inhibitory+effects+of+peripheral+administration+of+peptide+YY(3-36)+and+glucagon-like+peptide-1+on+food+intake+are+attenuated+by+ablation+of+the+vagal-brainstem-hypothalamic+pathway.">The inhibitory effects of peripheral administration of peptide YY(3-36) and glucagon-like peptide-1 on food intake are attenuated by ablation of the vagal-brainstem-hypothalamic pathway.</a> Brain Res. 1044, 127-131 (2005).</li><li>Adrian, T. E., Ballantyne, G. H., Longo, W. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deoxycholate+is+an+important+releaser+of+peptide+YY+and+enteroglucagon+from+the+human+colon.">Deoxycholate is an important releaser of peptide YY and enteroglucagon from the human colon.</a> Gut. 34, 1219-1224 (1993).</li><li>Nakatani, H., Kasama, K., Oshiro, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Serum+bile+acid+along+with+plasma+incretins+and+serum+high-molecular+weight+adiponectin+levels+are+increased+after+bariatric+surgery.">Serum bile acid along with plasma incretins and serum high-molecular weight adiponectin levels are increased after bariatric surgery.</a> Metabolism. 58, 1400-1407 (2009).</li><li>Ashrafian, H., le Roux, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+surgery+and+gut+hormones+-+a+review+of+bariatric+entero-humoral+modulation.">Metabolic surgery and gut hormones - a review of bariatric entero-humoral modulation.</a> Physiol. Behav. 97, 620-631 (2009).</li><li>Choban, P. S., Flancbaum, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+Roux+limb+lengths+on+outcome+after+Roux-en-Y+gastric+bypass:+a+prospective,+randomized+clinical+trial.+Obes.">The effect of Roux limb lengths on outcome after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Obes.</a> Surg. 12, 540-545 (2002).</li><li>Gleysteen, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Five-year+outcome+with+gastric+bypass:+Roux+limb+length+makes+a+difference.">Five-year outcome with gastric bypass: Roux limb length makes a difference.</a> Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 5, 242-247 (2009).</li><li>Lee, S., Sahagian, K. G., Schriver, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Relationship+between+varying+Roux+limb+lengths+and+weight+loss+in+gastric+bypass.">Relationship between varying Roux limb lengths and weight loss in gastric bypass.</a> Curr. Surg. 63, 259-263 (2006).</li><li>Hayes, M. R., Kanoski, S. E., De Jonghe, B. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+common+hepatic+branch+of+the+vagus+is+not+required+to+mediate+the+glycemic+and+food+intake+suppressive+effects+of+glucagon-like-peptide-1.">The common hepatic branch of the vagus is not required to mediate the glycemic and food intake suppressive effects of glucagon-like-peptide-1.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 301, R1479-R1485 (2011).</li></ol>

La Roux-en-Y bypass gastrico procedura per l&#39;uomo è stato descritto da Mason nel 1967 e modificato nella sua forma attuale Torres nel 1983 19. Attualmente, la procedura consiste in una piccola tasca gastrica e il bypass dell&#39;intestino prossimale di piccole dimensioni. Una illustrazione schematica dell&#39;anatomia pre-e post-operatoria è riportato in figura 1. Il bypass gastrico nell&#39;uomo induce e mantiene la perdita di peso corporeo di circa il 15-3...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nome generico </td><td> Marca </td><td> Azienda </td><td> Numero di catalogo </td></tr><tr><td> Enrofloxacina </td><td> Baytril 2,5% </td><td> Provet AG </td><td> 1036 </td></tr><tr><td> Flunixin </td><td> Finadyne </td><td> Graeub </td><td> 908040 </td></tr><tr><td> Buprenorfina </td><td> Temgesic </td><td> Reckitt Benckiser </td><td> 138976 </td></tr><tr><td> Isoflurano </td><td> IsoFlo </td><td> Graeub </td><td> 902035 </td></tr><tr><td> Vitamina A </td><td> Vitagel </td><td> Bausch &amp; Lomb </td><td> 690 </td></tr><tr><td> Soluzione di iodio </td><td> Betadine </td><td> Mundipharma </td><td> 111141 </td></tr><tr><td> NaCl 0,9% </td><td> NaCl 0,9% </td><td> B. Braun </td><td> 534534 </td></tr></tbody></table> Tabella 1. Droga. <table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nome </td><td> Dimensione </td><td> Azienda </td><td> Numero di catalogo </td></tr><tr><td> PDS II </td><td> 4-0 </td><td> Ethicon </td><td> Z924H </td></tr><tr><td> PDS II </td><td> 5-0 </td><td> Ethicon </td><td> Z925H </td></tr><tr><td> PDS II </td><td> 6-0 </td><td> Ethicon </td><td> PUU2971E </td></tr><tr><td> PDS II </td><td> 7-0 </td><td> Ethicon </td><td> Z1370E </td></tr><tr><td> Vicryl </td><td> 4-0 </td><td> Ethicon </td><td> V451H </td></tr></tbody></table> Tabella 2. Punti di sutura. <table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nome </td><td> Azienda </td><td> Numero di catalogo </td></tr><tr><td> Scalpel maniglia No. 3 </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BB073R </td></tr><tr><td> Lame di bisturi No. 10 </td><td> Swann-Morton </td><td> 0301 </td></tr><tr><td> Porta aghi </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BM124R </td></tr><tr><td> Tessuto pinza </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BD555R </td></tr><tr><td> Forbici Metzenbaum, diritto </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BC022R </td></tr><tr><td> Metzenbaum forbici, curvo </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BC023R </td></tr><tr><td> Forbici curve delicate, </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BC061R </td></tr><tr><td> Pinza arteria, curvo </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BH109R </td></tr><tr><td> Pinze arterie, curve, denti 1x2 </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BH121R </td></tr><tr><td> Probe, doppio attacco </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> BN113R </td></tr><tr><td> Porta aghi Micro </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> FM 541R </td></tr><tr><td> Micro pinza </td><td> Aesculap </td><td> FM571R </td></tr><tr><td> Micro forbici </td><td> AESCulap </td><td> FM470R </td></tr><tr><td> Occhio cautery monouso </td><td> John Weiss internazionale </td><td> 0111122 </td></tr><tr><td> Cotton fioc </td><td> Hartmann AG </td><td> 9679369 </td></tr></tbody></table> Tabella 3. Attrezzature chirurgiche.

roux-en-y gastric bypass operation in rats

Attualmente, la terapia più efficace per il trattamento dell&#39;obesità patologica per indurre significativi e mantenuto la perdita di peso corporeo con un beneficio sulla mortalità provata è di 1,2 chirurgia bariatrica. Di conseguenza, si è registrato un costante aumento del numero di operazioni effettuate obesi in tutto il mondo negli ultimi anni, con la Roux-en-Y bypass gastrico (bypass gastrico) è la più comunemente eseguita funzionamento 3. In questo contesto, è importante comprendere i meccanismi fisiologici con cui bypass gastrico induce e mantiene la perdita di peso corporeo. Questi meccanismi non sono ancora pienamente compreso, ma possono includere la fame ridotti e una maggiore sazietà 4,5, l&#39;aumento della spesa di energia 6,7, la preferenza per il cibo modificato ad alto contenuto di grassi e zuccheri 8,9, il sale e il trattamento dell&#39;acqua alterata del rene 10 come così come alterazioni della flora intestinale 11. Tali cambiamenti osservati dopo bypass gastrico può almeno in parte derivano dal modo in cuila chirurgia altera l&#39;ambiente ormonale bypass gastrico perché aumenta il rilascio postprandiale di peptide-YY (PYY) e glucagone-simile-peptide-1 (GLP-1), ormoni che vengono rilasciati dall&#39;intestino in presenza di sostanze nutritive e che riducono mangiare 12. Negli ultimi due decenni numerosi studi utilizzando ratti sono stati eseguiti per investigare ulteriormente cambiamenti fisiologici dopo bypass gastrico. Il bypass gastrico modello di ratto ha dimostrato di essere uno strumento prezioso, non sperimentale, almeno per quanto imita da vicino il profilo temporale e l&#39;entità della perdita di peso umano, ma anche permette ai ricercatori di controllare e manipolare critici fattori anatomici e fisiologici, compreso l&#39;uso di controlli adeguati. Di conseguenza, esiste una vasta gamma di modelli di ratto di bypass gastrici disponibili in letteratura recensione altrove in dettaglio 13-15. La descrizione della tecnica chirurgica esatta di questi modelli varia ampiamente e differisce per esempio in termini di dimensioni sacchetto, artolunghezze, e la conservazione del nervo vagale. Se riferito, i tassi di mortalità sembrano variare da 0 a 35% 15. Inoltre, la chirurgia è stata effettuata quasi esclusivamente in ratti maschi di ceppi differenti ed età. Diete pre-e post-operatorio varia anche in modo significativo. Variazioni tecniche e sperimentali in modelli di bypass gastrico di ratto pubblicato complicare il confronto e l&#39;identificazione dei potenziali meccanismi fisiologici coinvolti nel bypass gastrico. Non vi è alcuna chiara evidenza che uno di questi modelli è superiore, ma c&#39;è un bisogno emergente per la standardizzazione delle procedure per ottenere dati omogenei e comparabili. Questo articolo si propone quindi di riassumere e discutere i dettagli tecnici e sperimentale del nostro modello validato e pubblicato rat bypass gastrico.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats at JoVE.com

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats

Numerosi studi che utilizzano modelli di ratto di bypass gastrico sono stati recentemente condotti per scoprire i meccanismi fisiologici alla base di Roux-en-Y operazioni di bypass gastrico. Questo articolo mira a dimostrare e discutere i dettagli tecnici e sperimentale del nostro modello di ratto pubblicato bypass gastrico per capire vantaggi e limiti di questo strumento sperimentale.

Roux-en-Y operazione di bypass gastrico in Rats

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