Name: solubilization and bio-conjugation of quantum dots and bacterial toxicity assays by growth curve and plate count
Uploaded: 2012-07-11T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Solubilization and Bio-conjugation of Quantum Dots and Bacterial Toxicity Assays by Growth Curve and Plate Count at JoVE.com

وقد تم تمويل هذا العمل من خلال برنامج اكتشاف الفرد NSERC، وNSERC / CIHR بحوث الصحية التعاونية برنامج (CHRP)، وCREATE NSERC التدريب البيولوجيا الفلكية الكندية برنامج (CATP).

1. QD الإذابة هذا هو الأسلوب المناسب لتيل كد. ويمكن استخدام أساليب مماثلة مع أنواع أخرى من QDs مثل الشرطة الوطنية العراقية / 20 و اغشية CdSe / اغشية 21. <ol style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> يعد حل QDs تيل كد في التولو?...

<ol>
	<li>Michalet, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantum+dots+for+live+cells,+in+vivo+imaging,+and+diagnostics.">Quantum dots for live cells, in vivo imaging, and diagnostics.</a> Science. 307, 538-544 (2005).</li><li>Jamieson, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biological+applications+of+quantum+dots.">Biological applications of quantum dots.</a> Biomaterials. 28, 4717-4732 (2007).</li><li>Asokan, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+heat+transfer+fluids+in+the+synthesis+of+high-quality+CdSe+quantum+dots,+core/shell+quantum+dots,+and+quantum+rods.">The use of heat transfer fluids in the synthesis of high-quality CdSe quantum dots, core/shell quantum dots, and quantum rods.</a> Nanotechnology. 16, 2000-2011 (2005).</li><li>Chan, W. C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Luminescent+quantum+dots+for+multiplexed+biological+detection+and+imaging.">Luminescent quantum dots for multiplexed biological detection and imaging.</a> Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 13, 40-46 (2002).</li><li>Chan, W. C. W., Nie, S. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantum+dot+bioconjugates+for+ultrasensitive+nonisotopic+detection.">Quantum dot bioconjugates for ultrasensitive nonisotopic detection.</a> Science. 281, 2016-2018 (1998).</li><li>Biju, V., Itoh, T., Ishikawa, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delivering+quantum+dots+to+cells:+bioconjugated+quantum+dots+for+targeted+and+nonspecific+extracellular+and+intracellular+imaging.">Delivering quantum dots to cells: bioconjugated quantum dots for targeted and nonspecific extracellular and intracellular imaging.</a> Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 3031-3056 (2010).</li><li>Boucher, H. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bad++bugs,+no+drugs:+no+ESKAPE!+An+update+from+the+Infectious+Diseases+Society+of+America.">Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America.</a> Clin. Infect. Dis. 48, 1-12 (2009).</li><li>Morones, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+bactericidal+effect+of+silver+nanoparticles.">The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles.</a> Nanotechnology. 16, 2346-2353 (2005).</li><li>Mitoraj, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Visible+light+inactivation+of+bacteria+and+fungi+by+modified+titanium+dioxide.">Visible light inactivation of bacteria and fungi by modified titanium dioxide.</a> Photochemical &#38; Photobiological Sciences. 6, 642-648 (2007).</li><li>Fu, G., Vary, P. S., Lin, C. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anatase+TiO2+nanocomposites+for+antimicrobial+coatings.">Anatase TiO2 nanocomposites for antimicrobial coatings.</a> J. Phys. Chem. B. 109, 8889-8898 (2005).</li><li>Chung, C. J., Lin, H. I., Tsou, H. K., Shi, Z. Y., He, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+antimicrobial+TiO2+coating+for+reducing+hospital-acquired+infection.">An antimicrobial TiO2 coating for reducing hospital-acquired infection.</a> J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B. Appl. Biomater. 85, 220-224 (2008).</li><li>Nair, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Role+of+size+scale+of+ZnO+nanoparticles+and+microparticles+on+toxicity+toward+bacteria+and+osteoblast+cancer+cells.">Role of size scale of ZnO nanoparticles and microparticles on toxicity toward bacteria and osteoblast cancer cells.</a> J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 20, S235-S241 (2009).</li><li>Heinlaan, M., Ivask, A., Blinova, I., Dubourguier, H. C., Kahru, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toxicity+of+nanosized+and+bulk+ZnO,+CuO+and+TiO2+to+bacteria+Vibrio+fischeri+and+crustaceans+Daphnia+magna+and+Thamnocephalus+platyurus.">Toxicity of nanosized and bulk ZnO, CuO and TiO2 to bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus.</a> Chemosphere. 71, 1308-1316 (2008).</li><li>Rincon, A. G., Pulgarin, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+coaxial+photocatalytic+reactor+(CAPHORE)+in+the+TiO2+photo-assisted+treatment+of+mixed+Escherichia+coli+and+Bacillus+subtilis+and+the+bacterial+community+present+in+wastewater.">Use of coaxial photocatalytic reactor (CAPHORE) in the TiO2 photo-assisted treatment of mixed Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and the bacterial community present in wastewater.</a> Catal. Today. 101, 331-344 (2005).</li><li>Neal, A. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=What+can+be+inferred+from+bacterium-nanoparticle+interactions+about+the+potential+consequences+of+environmental+exposure+to+nanoparticles.">What can be inferred from bacterium-nanoparticle interactions about the potential consequences of environmental exposure to nanoparticles.</a> Ecotoxicology. 17, 362-371 (2008).</li><li>Kovochich, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparative+toxicity+of+C60+aggregates+toward+mammalian+cells:+role+of+tetrahydrofuran+(THF)+decomposition.">Comparative toxicity of C60 aggregates toward mammalian cells: role of tetrahydrofuran (THF) decomposition.</a> Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 6378-6384 (2009).</li><li>Hoshino, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physicochemical+properties+and+cellular+toxicity+of+nanocrystal+quantum+dots+depend+on+their+surface+modification.">Physicochemical properties and cellular toxicity of nanocrystal quantum dots depend on their surface modification.</a> Nano Letters. 4, 2163-2169 (2004).</li><li>Dumas, E. M., Ozenne, V., Mielke, R. E., Nadeau, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toxicity+of+CdTe+Quantum+Dots+in+Bacterial+Strains.">Toxicity of CdTe Quantum Dots in Bacterial Strains.</a> IEEE Trans. NanoBiosci. 8, 58-64 (2009).</li><li>Park, S., Chibli, H., Wong, J., Nadeau, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antimicrobial+activity+and+cellular+toxicity+of+nanoparticle-polymyxin+B+conjugates.">Antimicrobial activity and cellular toxicity of nanoparticle-polymyxin B conjugates.</a> Nanotechnology. 22, 185101 (2011).</li><li>Cooper, D. R., Dimitrijevic, N. M., Nadeau, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Photosensitization+of+CdSe/ZnS+QDs+and+reliability+of+assays+for+reactive+oxygen+species+production.">Photosensitization of CdSe/ZnS QDs and reliability of assays for reactive oxygen species production.</a> Nanoscale. 2, 114-121 (2010).</li><li>Pong, B. K., Trout, B. L., Lee, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modified+ligand-exchange+for+efficient+solubilization+of+CdSe/ZnS+quantum+dots+in+water:+A+procedure+guided+by+computational+studies.">Modified ligand-exchange for efficient solubilization of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in water: A procedure guided by computational studies.</a> Langmuir. 24, 5270-5276 (2008).</li><li>Narayanaswamy, A., Feiner, L. F., Meijerink, A., Zaag, P. J. v. a. n. d. e. r. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+temperature+and+dot+size+on+the+spectral+properties+of+colloidal+InP/ZnS+core-shell+quantum+dots.">The effect of temperature and dot size on the spectral properties of colloidal InP/ZnS core-shell quantum dots.</a> Acs Nano. 3, 2539-2546 (2009).</li></ol>

النانوية تمثل نهجا واعدة لخلق عوامل جديدة مضادة للميكروبات. تحليل منحنى النمو هو وسيلة لرصد كثافة الخلية البكتيرية التي تميز الخلايا بنشاط زراعة الخلايا من النمو الكبت. عندما يقترن التهم لوحة، لأنها تتيح للحصول على تحليل دقيق للمضادات الحيوية المحتملة لالمتقارن. ش?...

<table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> اسم </td><td> شركة </td><td> فهرس العدد </td><td> تعليق (اختياري) </td></tr><tr><td> بورات مكون الاحتياطي # 1 </td><td> الصياد </td><td> حمض البوريك A-74-1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بورات مكون مخزن # 2 </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td> Tetraborate الصوديوم B9876 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> MPA </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td> M5801 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Vivaspin 500 </td><td> جنرال إلكتريك للرعاية الصحية </td><td> 28-9322 </td><td> مختلف MWCO متاح </td></tr><tr><td> قارورة من الزجاج </td><td> الصياد </td><td> 03-338C </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> EDC </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td> E6383 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بوليميكسين باء </td><td> سيغما الدريخ </td><td> P1004 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بكتيريا غرامowth المتوسطة (LB) مكون # 1 </td><td> الصياد </td><td> كلوريد الصوديوم S271 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بكتيريا المتوسطة النمو (LB) مكون # 2 </td><td> دينار بحريني </td><td> تريبتون 211705 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> بكتيريا المتوسطة النمو (LB) العنصر رقم 3 </td><td> دينار بحريني </td><td> خلاصة الخميرة 211929 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> مصباح عن التعرض للضوء </td><td> عرف </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> واضح من الأسفل 96-جيدا لوحات </td><td> الصياد </td><td> 07-200-567 أو 07-200-730 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> مضان الطيفي </td><td> الجزيئية الأجهزة </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> الامتصاصية لوحة قارئ </td><td> الجزيئية الأجهزة </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> BactoAgar عن وسائل الاعلام الصلبة </td><td> Bioshop </td><td> AGR001.1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> أطباق بتري تقريب </td><td> الصياد </td><td> 08-75-12 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> أطباق بتري مستطيلة </td><td> الصياد </td><td> 08-757-11A </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

solubilization and bio-conjugation of quantum dots and bacterial toxicity assays by growth curve and plate count

Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles with size-dependent emission spectra that can be excited by a broad choice of wavelengths. QDs have attracted a lot of interest for imaging, diagnostics, and therapy due to their bright, stable fluorescence1,2 3,4,5. QDs can be conjugated to a variety of bio-active molecules for binding to bacteria and mammalian cells6.
QDs are also being widely investigated as cytotoxic agents for targeted killing of bacteria. The emergence of multiply-resistant bacterial strains is rapidly becoming a public health crisis, particularly in the case of Gram negative pathogens 7. Because of the well-known antimicrobial effect of certain nanomaterials, especially Ag, there are hundreds of studies examining the toxicity of nanoparticles to bacteria 8. Bacterial studies have been performed with other types of semiconductor nanoparticles as well, especially TiO2 9,10-11, but also ZnO12 and others including CuO 13. Some comparisons of bacterial strains have been performed in these studies, usually comparing a Gram negative strain with a Gram positive. With all of these particles, mechanisms of toxicity are attributed to oxidation: either the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the particles or the direct release of metal ions that can cause oxidative toxicity. Even with these materials, results of different studies vary greatly. In some studies the Gram positive test strain is reportedly more sensitive than the Gram negative 10; in others it is the opposite 14. These studies have been well reviewed 15.
In all nanoparticle studies, particle composition, size, surface chemistry, sample aging/breakdown, and wavelength, power, and duration of light exposure can all dramatically affect the results. In addition, synthesis byproducts and solvents must be considered16 17. High-throughput screening techniques are needed to be able to develop effective new nanomedicine agents.
CdTe QDs have anti-microbial effects alone18 or in combination with antibiotics. In a previous study, we showed that coupling of antibiotics to CdTe can increase toxicity to bacteria but decrease toxicity to mammalian cells, due to decreased production of reactive oxygen species from the conjugates19. Although it is unlikely that cadmium-containing compounds will be approved for use in humans, such preparations could be used for disinfection of surfaces or sterilization of water.
In this protocol, we give a straightforward approach to solubilizing CdTe QDs with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). The QDs are ready to use within an hour. We then demonstrate coupling to an antimicrobial agent.
The second part of the protocol demonstrates a 96-well bacterial inhibition assay using the conjugated and unconjugated QDs. The optical density is read over many hours, permitting the effects of QD addition and light exposure to be evaluated immediately as well as after a recovery period. We also illustrate a colony count for quantifying bacterial survival.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Solubilization and Bio-conjugation of Quantum Dots and Bacterial Toxicity Assays by Growth Curve and Plate Count at JoVE.com

Solubilization and Bio-conjugation of Quantum Dots and Bacterial Toxicity Assays by Growth Curve and Plate Count

ويمكن استخدام الجسيمات النانوية مثل نقاط الكم أشباه الموصلات (QDs) لإنشاء وكلاء photoactivatable لتطبيقات مضادة للميكروبات أو مضادة للسرطان. هذه التقنية يظهر كيفية المياه ذوبان تلوريد الكادميوم (تيل كد) QDs، المتقارن لهم مضاد حيوي، وإجراء فحص تثبيط البكتيريا على أساس منحنيات النمو والفرز لوحة.

الإذابة والحيوية، من اقتران نقاط الكم وفحوصات السمية البكتيرية التي منحنى النمو والكونت بلايت

Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles with size-dependent emission spectra that can be excited by a broad choice of wavelengths. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Axon Stretch Growth: The Mechanotransduction of Neuronal Growth

محوار النمو الإمتداد : إن Mechanotransduction من نمو الخلايا العصبية

During pre-synaptic embryonic development, neuronal processes traverse short distances to reach their targets via growth cone. Over time, neuronal somata ...

Bacterial Immobilization for Imaging by Atomic Force Microscopy

الشلل البكتيرية للتصوير بواسطة الفحص المجهري القوة الذرية

AFM is a high-resolution (nm scale) imaging tool that mechanically probes a surface.  It has the ability to image cells and biomolecules, in a liquid ...

Systematic Analysis of In Vitro Cell Rolling Using a Multi-well Plate Microfluidic System

Systematic Analysis of In Vitro Cell Rolling Using a Multi-well Plate Microfluidic System

التحليل المنهجي لل<em&gt; في المختبر</em&gt; الخليوي المتداول باستخدام نظام ميكروفلويديك لوحة متعددة جيدا

A major challenge for cell-based therapy is the inability to systemically target a large quantity of viable cells with high efficiency to tissues of ...

Production and Targeting of Monovalent Quantum Dots

الإنتاج واستهداف الأحادي التكافؤ الكم النقاط

The multivalent nature of commercial quantum dots (QDs) and the difficulties associated with producing monovalent dots have limited their applications in ...

Correlative Light- and Electron Microscopy Using Quantum Dot Nanoparticles

المتلازم الخفيفة والمجهر الإلكتروني عن طريق الكم دوت النانوية

A method is described whereby quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles can be used for correlative immunocytochemical studies of human pathology tissue using ...

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

20 مج، 1 بس يب: ياغ مكبر للصوت ريجينيراتيف ريسينيراتيف

This is a report on a 100 W, 20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier. A homemade Yb:YAG thin-disk, Kerr-lens mode-locked oscillator with ...

Detection of Endotoxin in Nano-formulations Using Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assays

Detection of Endotoxin in Nano-formulations Using Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate LAL Assays

كشف الذيفان في تركيبات النانو باستخدام فحوصات ليستي (ال) أموبوسيتي ليمولوس

When present in pharmaceutical products, a Gram-negative bacterial cell wall component endotoxin (often also called lipopolysaccharide) can cause ...

Immobilization of Live Caenorhabditis elegans Individuals Using an Ultra-thin Polydimethylsiloxane Microfluidic Chip with Water Retention

Immobilization of Live Caenorhabditis elegans Individuals Using an Ultra-thin Polydimethylsiloxane Microfluidic Chip with Water Retention

التثبيت أفراد يعيش ايليجانس كاينورهابديتيس باستخدام رقاقة موائع جزيئية بولي دايمثيل سيلوكسان أولتراثين إلكترونية مع "الاحتفاظ بالماء"

Radiation is widely used for biological applications and for ion-beam breeding, and among these methods, microbeam irradiation represents a powerful means ...

Growth and Characterization of Irradiated Organoids from Mammary Glands

نمو وتوصيف العضوية المشعة من الغدد الثديية

Organoids derived from the digested tissue are multicellular three-dimensional (3D) constructs that better recapitulate in vivo conditions than cell ...

Growth of Human and Sheep Corneal Endothelial Cell Layers on Biomaterial Membranes

نمو الإنسان والأغنام القرنية خلايا الخلايا الانبذيلية على الأغشية الحيوية

Corneal endothelial cell cultures have a tendency to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after loss of cell-to-cell contact. EMT is ...