Name: formulations for freeze-drying of bacteria and their influence on cell survival
Uploaded: 2013-08-03T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Formulations for Freeze-drying of Bacteria and Their Influence on Cell Survival at JoVE.com

Arbejdet blev støttet af den svenske Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA) gennem DOM programmet og Grant 211.684 (BACSIN) fra Den Europæiske Union EF-FP7 rammeprogrammet. Vi takker J. Engstrand om bistand til at filme den røntgen-analyse og L. Tang for at hjælpe med den konceptuelle fortælling.

1.. Dyrkning og høst af P. putida <ol><li> Forbered en starter kultur af Pseudomonas putida ved at inokulere 100 ml tryptisk soja-bouillon (TSB) med en koloni af P. putida-celler dyrket på agar suppleret med tryptisk soja-bouillon (TSA). Holde kulturen ved 30 ° C på en ryster bord sat til 130 rpm. </li><li> Efter 7 timer overføre en portion fra starter kultur svarende til 1/10 af det endelige volumen af ​​den primære kultur til frisk TSB-medium. Holde cellerne ved 30 ° C på en ry...

<ol>
	<li>Wessman, P., Mahlin, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+matrix+properties+on+the+survival+of+freeze-dried+bacteria.">Impact of matrix properties on the survival of freeze-dried bacteria.</a> J. Sci. Food Agric. 91 (14), 2518-2528 (2011).</li><li>Ablett, S., Izzard, M. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+Scanning+Calorimetric+Study+of+Frozen+Sucrose+and+Glycerol+Solutions.">Differential Scanning Calorimetric Study of Frozen Sucrose and Glycerol Solutions.</a> Journal of the Chemical Society-Faraday Transactions. 88 (6), 789-794 (1992).</li><li>Knopp, S. A., Chongprasert, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+relationship+between+type+TMDSC+curve+of+frozen+sucrose+solutions+and+collapse+during+freeze-drying.">The relationship between type TMDSC curve of frozen sucrose solutions and collapse during freeze-drying.</a> Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 54 (2), 659-672 (1998).</li><li>Crowe, J. H., Leslie, S. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Is+Vitrification+Sufficient+to+Preserve+Liposomes+during+Freeze-Drying.">Is Vitrification Sufficient to Preserve Liposomes during Freeze-Drying.</a> Cryobiology. 31 (4), 355-366 (1994).</li><li>Jain, P., Sen, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+glass-forming+biopreservatives+on+head+group+rotational+dynamics+in+freeze-dried+phospholipid+bilayers:+A+P-31+NMR+study.">Effect of glass-forming biopreservatives on head group rotational dynamics in freeze-dried phospholipid bilayers: A P-31 NMR study.</a> Journal of Chemical Physics. 131 (2), (2009).</li><li>Stock, J. B., Rauch, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Periplasmic+Space+in+Salmonella-Typhimurium+and+Escherichia-Coli.">Periplasmic Space in Salmonella-Typhimurium and Escherichia-Coli.</a> Journal of Biological Chemistry. 252 (21), 7850-7861 (1977).</li><li>Crowe, J. H., Hoekstra, F. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anhydrobiosis.">Anhydrobiosis.</a> Annual Review of Physiology. 54, 579-599 (1992).</li><li>Leslie, S. B., Israeli, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Trehalose+and+Sucrose+Protect+Both+Membranes+and+Proteins+in+Intact+Bacteria+during+Drying.">Trehalose and Sucrose Protect Both Membranes and Proteins in Intact Bacteria during Drying.</a> Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 61 (10), 3592-3597 (1995).</li><li>Nesarikar, V. V., Nassar, M. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+cations+and+anions+on+glass+transition+temperatures+in+excipient+solutions.">Effect of cations and anions on glass transition temperatures in excipient solutions.</a> Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. 12 (3), 259-264 (2007).</li><li>You, Y., Ludescher, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+sodium+chloride+on+molecular+mobility+in+amorphous+sucrose+detected+by+phosphorescence+from+the+triplet+probe+erythrosin+B.">The effect of sodium chloride on molecular mobility in amorphous sucrose detected by phosphorescence from the triplet probe erythrosin B.</a> Carbohydr. Res. 343 (2), 350-363 (2008).</li><li>Crowe, J. H., Hoekstra, F. A., Nguyen, K. H. N., Crowe, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Is+vitrification+involved+in+depression+of+the+phase+transition+temperature+in+dry+phospholipids.">Is vitrification involved in depression of the phase transition temperature in dry phospholipids.</a> Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr. 1280, 187-196 (1996).</li></ol>

Motivet for denne undersøgelse var at undersøge nogle formulerings egenskaber, der kan være af betydning for celle overlevelse under frysetørring. Selv om den iboende tørring tolerance varierer mellem forskellige arter, som illustreret i figur 1A, er tendensen, hvor godt de forskellige formuleringer bærecellen overlevelse er ens. Det er informativt at starte med en sammenligning af saccharose og Ficoll. Det menes, at en afgørende faktor for en formulering at understøtte celleoverlevelse er evnen...

<table border="1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Name of the reagent</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalogue number</td>
			<td>Comments (optional)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ficoll PM 400</td>
			<td>GE-healthcare</td>
			<td>17-0300-10</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEC (Natrosol-M Pharm Grade)</td>
			<td>Ashland</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Gift from Ashland</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HPMC (Methocel F4M)</td>
			<td>Dow</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Gift from the Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sucrose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S2395</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>71376</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tryptic Soy broth</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>105459</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tryptic Soy Agar</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>105458</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lyostar II</td>
			<td>FTS Kinetics</td>
			<td>N.A.</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pyris Diamond DSC</td>
			<td>Perkin-Elmer</td>
			<td>N.A.</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bruker AXS SMART CCD 1k Diffractometer</td>
			<td>Bruker</td>
			<td>N.A</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dual-beam FEI Strata DB235 FIB/SEM</td>
			<td>FEI</td>
			<td>N.A</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kr&uuml;ss Educational Tensiometer</td>
			<td>Kr&uuml;ss</td>
			<td>N.A.</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

formulations for freeze-drying of bacteria and their influence on cell survival

Cellular vand kan fjernes reversibelt inaktivere mikroorganismer for at lette opbevaring. En sådan metode til fjernelse er frysetørring, hvilket betragtes som en blid dehydrering metode. For at lette celle overlevelse under tørring er cellerne ofte formuleret på forhånd. Formuleringen danner en matrix, der integrerer cellerne og beskytter dem mod forskellige skadelige spændinger pålagt celler under frysning og tørring. Vi præsenterer her en generel metode til at vurdere overlevelsen af ​​celler efter frysetørring og vi illustrere det ved at sammenligne de opnåede resultater med fire forskellige formuleringer: disaccharidet saccharose indholdet af saccharose afledt polymer Ficoll PM400, og de respektive polysaccharider hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC ) og hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), på to bakteriestammer, P. putida KT2440 og A. chlorophenolicus A6. I dette arbejde har vi illustrere, hvordan man forbereder formuleringer til frysetørring og hvordan at undersøge mekaismer celle overlevelse efter rehydrering ved at karakterisere formuleringen hjælp af differential (DSC), overfladespænding målinger, røntgen analyse og elektronmikroskopi, og som vedrører disse data til overlevelsesrater. Polymererne blev valgt for at få en monomer struktur af de respektive polysaccharid ligner saccharose til en varierende grad. Med denne metode opsætning viste vi, at polymerer kan understøtte celleoverlevelse så effektivt som disaccharider, hvis visse fysiske egenskaber af formuleringen kontrolleres 1..

Tabel 1 viser data vedrørende formulering sammensætning, termiske hændelser indspillet af DSC ved opvarmning af frosne formuleringer, struktur af de tørre prøver og overfladespændingen af formuleringen løsninger. Tg &#39;af saccharose er bestemt til -40 ° C 2, 3 og kan være vanskelig at opdage for saccharose koncentrationer under 20% w / w. Den termiske begivenhed på -35 ° C er sandsynligvis relateret til udbrud af is opløsning 2.. Den krystallinske ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Formulations for Freeze-drying of Bacteria and Their Influence on Cell Survival at JoVE.com

Formulations for Freeze-drying of Bacteria and Their Influence on Cell Survival

Frysetørring er ofte en nem og bekvem måde at opnå tørre produkter af levedygtige bakterieceller. Et spørgsmål i processen er celleoverlevelse. Vi detaljer her en fremgangsmåde til at undersøge, hvordan celleoverlevelse under frysetørring påvirkes af egenskaberne af den anvendte formulering.

Formuleringer til frysetørring af bakterier og deres indflydelse på Cell Survival

Cellular water can be removed to reversibly inactivate microorganisms to facilitate storage. One such method of removal is freeze-drying, which is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Obtaining Hemocytes from the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid Euprymna scolopes and Observing their Adherence to Symbiotic and Non-Symbiotic Bacteria

Obtaining Hemocytes from the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid Euprymna scolopes and Observing their Adherence to Symbiotic and Non-Symbiotic Bacteria

Studies concerning the role of the immune system in mediating molecular signaling between beneficial bacteria and their hosts have, in recent years, made ...

Detection of Post-translational Modifications on Native Intact Nucleosomes by ELISA

The genome of eukaryotes exists as chromatin which contains both DNA and proteins. The fundamental unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, which contains 146 ...

Analyzing the Function of Small GTPases by Microinjection of Plasmids into Polarized Epithelial Cells

Epithelial cells polarize their plasma membrane into biochemically and functionally distinct apical and basolateral domains where the apical domain faces ...

Single Cell Transcriptional Profiling of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes

Single Cell transkriptionel Profilering af Voksen Mouse cardiomyocytter

While numerous studies have examined gene expression changes from homogenates of heart tissue, this prevents studying the inherent stochastic variation ...

Isolation and Culture of Individual Myofibers and their Satellite Cells from Adult Skeletal Muscle

Isolering og dyrkning af individuelle myofibre og deres satellit celler fra voksne skeletmuskler

Muscle  regeneration in the adult is performed by resident stem cells called satellite  cells. Satellite cells are defined by  their position between the ...

Measuring the Effects of Bacteria on C. Elegans Behavior Using an Egg Retention Assay

Measuring the Effects of Bacteria on C. Elegans Behavior Using an Egg Retention Assay

Måling Effekter af bakterier på<em&gt; C. Elegans</em&gt; Behavior Ved hjælp af en Egg Retention Assay

C. elegans egg-laying behavior is  affected by environmental cues such as osmolarity1 and  vibration2. In the total absence of food C. elegans also cease ...

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis

Strategier for Tracking Anastasis en celle Survival fænomen, Vender Apoptose

Anastasis (Greek for &#8220;rising to life&#8221;) refers to the recovery of dying cells. Before these cells recover, they have passed through important ...

A Standardized Method for the Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Fenestrations by Scanning Electron Microscopy

En standardiseret metode til analyse af Liver Sinusformet endotelceller og deres fenestrationer af Scanning Electron Microscopy

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are the gateway to the liver, their transcellular fenestrations allow the unimpeded transfer of small and dissolved ...

Measurement of Survival Time in Brachionus Rotifers: Synchronization of Maternal Conditions

Measurement of Survival Time in Brachionus Rotifers: Synchronization of Maternal Conditions

Måling af overlevelse Tid i<em&gt; Brachionus</em&gt; Hjuldyr: Synkronisering af Maternal betingelser

Rotifers are microscopic cosmopolitan zooplankton used as models in ecotoxicological and aging studies due to their several advantages such as short ...

Investigating the Detrimental Effects of Low Pressure Plasma Sterilization on the Survival of Bacillus subtilis Spores Using Live Cell Microscopy

Investigating the Detrimental Effects of Low Pressure Plasma Sterilization on the Survival of Bacillus subtilis Spores Using Live Cell Microscopy

Undersøge de skadelige effekter af lav pres Plasma sterilisation på overlevelse af Bacillus subtilis sporer ved hjælp af Live celle mikroskopi

Plasma sterilization is a promising alternative to conventional sterilization methods for industrial, clinical, and spaceflight purposes. Low pressure ...