इंजीनियरिंग और नेता कंसोर्टियम कार्यक्रम में NUE के माध्यम से राष्ट्रीय विज्ञान फाउंडेशन से अनुदान कृतज्ञता से स्वीकार किया है.

1. कोलाइडयन AgNPs का संश्लेषण Creighton (थोड़ा संशोधित, सस्ती विधि) 22 के लिए प्रतिक्रिया तंत्र संदर्भ पावेल et.al की सहायक जानकारी में महान विस्तार में वर्णित है साथ अवांछित hydrolysis कमरे के तापमान या उच्च ?...

<ol>
	<li>Savage, N., Diallo, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanomaterials+and+Water+Purification:+Opportunities+and+Challenges.">Nanomaterials and Water Purification: Opportunities and Challenges.</a> Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 7, 331-342 (2005).</li><li>Jain, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Silver+Nanoparticles+in+Therapeutics:+Development+of+an+Antimicrobial+Gel+Formulation+for+Topical+Use.">Silver Nanoparticles in Therapeutics: Development of an Antimicrobial Gel Formulation for Topical Use.</a> Mol. Pharmaceutics. 6, 1388-1401 (2009).</li><li>Dal Lago, V., Franca, d. O., de, A. G., Kobarg, J., Borba Cardoso, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Size-selective+silver+nanoparticles:+future+of+biomedical+devices+with+enhanced+bactericidal+properties.">Size-selective silver nanoparticles: future of biomedical devices with enhanced bactericidal properties.</a> J. Mater. Chem. 21, 12267-12273 (2011).</li><li>Panacek, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Silver+Colloid+Nanoparticles:+Synthesis,+Characterization,+and+Their+Antibacterial+Activity.">Silver Colloid Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Antibacterial Activity.</a> J. Phys. Chem. 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Faraday Trans. 2, 790-798 (1979).</li><li>Pavel, I. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Estimating+the+Analytical+and+Surface+Enhancement+Factors+in+Surface-Enhanced+Raman+Scattering+(SERS):+A+Novel+Physical+Chemistry+and+Nanotechnology+Laboratory+Experiment.">Estimating the Analytical and Surface Enhancement Factors in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS): A Novel Physical Chemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory Experiment.</a> J. Chem. Educ. , (2011).</li><li>Rasband, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> ImageJ. , (1997).</li><li>Kelly, K. L., Coronado, E., Zhao, L. L., Schatz, G. 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N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+catalysis+by+colloids+and+clusters.">Chemical catalysis by colloids and clusters.</a> Chem. Rev. 93, 2693-2730 (1993).</li><li>Li, Y., Wu, Y., Ong, B. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Facile+Synthesis+of+Silver+Nanoparticles+Useful+for+Fabrication+of+High-Conductivity+Elements+for+Printed+Electronics.">Facile Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Useful for Fabrication of High-Conductivity Elements for Printed Electronics.</a> J. Am. Chem. 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यूवी विज़ अवशोषण स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमेट्री और कोलाइडयन AgNPs की रमन स्पेक्ट्रोस्कोपी यह सर्वविदित है कि एक colloid के अवशोषण स्पेक्ट्रम में सतह plasmon अनुनाद चोटियों की संख्या AgNPs बढ़ जाती है की समरूपता के ?...

<table border="1"><tr><td> सिल्वर नाइट्रेट (3 Agno) </td><td> Acros ऑर्गेनिक्स इंक </td><td> कैस: 7761-88-8 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> सोडियम borohydride (4 NaBH) </td><td> Acros ऑर्गेनिक्स इंक </td><td> कैस: 16940-66-2 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> नाइट्रिक एसिड (3 HNO, ऑप्टिमा) </td><td> फिशर साइंटिफिक इंक </td><td> A467-1 </td><td> आईसीपी विश्लेषण के लिए धातु ग्रेड ट्रेस </td></tr><tr><td> 10,000 ग्राम मिलीलीटर -1 चांदी मानक, EnviroConcentrate </td><td> अल्ट्रा वैज्ञानिक </td><td> अमेरिका IAA-047 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> KrosFlo अनुसंधान द्वितीय मैं स्पर्शरेखा फ्लो निस्पंदन सिस्टम </td><td> स्पेक्ट्रम लेबोरेटरीज इंक </td><td> <a href="http://www.spectrumlabs.com/pshop/RequestPrice/index.html?LiFrom=%2Ffiltration%2FKR2SystemO.html;FrName=Research+IIi+System;Pn=SYR2-U20-01N;" target="_blank">SYR2-U20-01N</a> </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 0.05 मीटर (0.5 मिमी) 460 सेमी 2 पुनश्च </td><td> स्पेक्ट्रम लेबोरेटरीज इंक </td><td> <a href="http://www.spectrumlabs.com/filtration/MidiKros.html?Pn=X30S-900-02N;" target="_blank">X30S-900-02N</a> </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Midi केडी 100 PS 200 2 सेमी </td><td> स्पेक्ट्रम लेबोरेटरीज इंक </td><td> X3-100S-901-02N </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Micro100 केडी पुनश्च 20 सेमी 2 </td><td> स्पेक्ट्रम लेबोरेटरीज इंक </td><td> X1AB-300-10n </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> MasterFlex सी फ्लेक्स टयूबिंग एल / 17 साइज </td><td> कोल Palmer उपकरण कं </td><td> 06424-17 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> MasterFlex सी फ्लेक्स टयूबिंग एल / 14 साइज </td><td> कोल Palmer उपकरण कं </td><td> 06424-14 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Cary 50 UV-VIS-NIR स्पेक्ट्रोफोटोमीटर </td><td> Varian इंक </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> LabRam एचआर 800 प्रणाली </td><td> Horiba Jobin Yvon इंक </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Varian ICP-OES 710ES </td><td> Varian इंक </td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> तालिका 1 विशिष्ट अभिकर्मकों और उपकरण.

tangential flow ultrafiltration: a  &ldquo;green&rdquo; method for the size selection and concentration of colloidal silver nanoparticles

Nowadays, AgNPs are extensively used in the manufacture of consumer products,1 water disinfectants,2 therapeutics,1, 3 and biomedical devices4 due to their powerful antimicrobial properties.3-6 These nanoparticle applications are strongly influenced by the AgNP size and aggregation state. Many challenges exist in the controlled fabrication7 and size-based isolation4,8 of unfunctionalized, homogenous AgNPs that are free from chemically aggressive capping/stabilizing agents or organic solvents.7-13 Limitations emerge from the toxicity of reagents, high costs or reduced efficiency of the AgNP synthesis or isolation methods (e.g., centrifugation, size-dependent solubility, size-exclusion chromatography, etc.).10,14-18 To overcome this, we recently showed that TFU permits greater control over the size, concentration and aggregation state of Creighton AgNPs (300 ml of 15.3 &mu;g ml-1 down to 10 ml of 198.7 &mu;g ml-1) than conventional methods of isolation such as ultracentrifugation.19
TFU is a recirculation method commonly used for the weight-based isolation of proteins, viruses and cells.20,21 Briefly, the liquid sample is passed through a series of hollow fiber membranes with pore size ranging from 1,000 kD to 10 kD. Smaller suspended or dissolved constituents in the sample will pass through the porous barrier together with the solvent (filtrate), while the larger constituents are retained (retentate). TFU may be considered a "green" method as it neither damages the sample nor requires additional solvent to eliminate toxic excess reagents and byproducts. Furthermore, TFU may be applied to a large variety of nanoparticles as both hydrophobic and hydrophilic filters are available.
The two main objectives of this study were: 1) to illustrate the experimental aspects of the TFU approach through an invited video experience and 2) to demonstrate the feasibility of the TFU method for larger volumes of colloidal nanoparticles and smaller volumes of retentate. First, unfuctionalized AgNPs (4 L, 15.2 &mu;g ml-1) were synthesized using the well-established Creighton method22,23 by the reduction of AgNO3 with NaBH4. AgNP polydispersity was then minimized via a 3-step TFU using a 50-nm filter (460 cm2) to remove AgNPs and AgNP-aggregates larger than 50 nm, followed by two 100-kD (200 cm2 and 20 cm2) filters to concentrate the AgNPs. Representative samples were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The final retentate consisted of highly concentrated (4 ml, 8,539.9 &mu;g ml-1) yet lowly aggregated and homogeneous AgNPs of 1-20 nm in diameter. This corresponds to a silver concentration yield of about 62%.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A  Ã¢â‚¬Å“GreenÃ¢â‚¬Â Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles at JoVE.com

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A  ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œGreenÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

स्पर्शरेखा प्रवाह ultrafiltration (TFU) एक recirculation biosamples के वजन के आधार पर जुदाई के लिए इस्तेमाल किया विधि है. TFU आकार का चयन करें (1-20 एनएम व्यास) के लिए अनुकूलित किया गया था और अत्यधिक polydisperse नैनोकणों चांदी की एक बड़ी मात्रा (15.2 ग्राम मिलीलीटर की 4 एल ध्यान<sup&gt; -1</sup&gt; 8,539.9 ग्राम मिलीलीटर की नीचे 4 मिलीलीटर<sup&gt; -1</sup&gt;) न्यूनतम एकत्रीकरण के साथ.

स्पर्शरेखा फ्लो Ultrafiltration: आकार और कोलाइडयन चांदी नैनोकणों का चयन एकाग्रता के लिए एक &quot;ग्रीन&quot; विधि

Nowadays, AgNPs are extensively used in the manufacture of consumer products,1 water disinfectants,2 therapeutics,1, 3 and biomedical devices4 due to ...

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Biology

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A  &ldquo;Green&rdquo; Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

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Neocortex में रक्त प्रवाह का एक कपालीय खिड़की के माध्यम से 2 फोटॉन इमेजिंग के लिए एक विधि

The ability to image the cerebral vasculature (from large vessels to capillaries) and record blood flow dynamics in the intact brain of living rodents is ...

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High speed videoanalysis of the details of movement can provide a source of information about qualitative aspects of walking movements. When walking on a ...

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Chemotaxis allows bacteria to approach sources of attractant chemicals or to avoid sources of repellent chemicals. Bacteria constantly monitor the ...

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नवोदित खमीर में प्रोटीन कांसंट्रेशन की एक फंक्शन के रूप एक morphological Phenotype के विकास विश्लेषण

Gene deletion and protein overexpression are common methods for studying functions of proteins. In this article, we describe a protocol for analysis of ...

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माउस meiotic कक्ष का फ्लो Cytometry शोधन

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Optimized Staining and Proliferation Modeling Methods for Cell Division Monitoring using Cell Tracking Dyes

सेल डिवीजन ट्रैकिंग सेल रंजक का उपयोग करने की निगरानी के लिए अनुकूलित धुंधला और प्रसार मॉडलिंग तरीकों

Fluorescent cell tracking dyes, in combination with flow and image cytometry, are powerful tools with which to study the interactions and fates of ...

A Protocol for Phage Display and Affinity Selection Using Recombinant Protein Baits

पुनः संयोजक प्रोटीन फँसाना चाहे का उपयोग फेज प्रदर्शन और आत्मीयता चयन के लिए एक प्रोटोकॉल

Using  recombinant phage as a scaffold to present various protein portions encoded by  a directionally cloned cDNA library to immobilized bait molecules ...

An Innovative Method for Exosome Quantification and Size Measurement

Exosome मात्रा और आकार माप के लिए एक अभिनव पद्धति

Although the biological importance of exosomes has recently gained an increasing amount of scientific and clinical attention, much is still unknown about ...

Development of a Colloidal Gold-based Immunochromatographic Test Strip for Detection of Cetacean Myoglobin

ह्वेल Myoglobin की जांच के लिए एक कोलाइडयन गोल्ड आधारित इम्यूनोक्रोमैटोग्राफिक परीक्षण पट्टी का विकास

This protocol describes the development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strip based on the sandwich format that can be used to ...

Filtration Isolation of Nucleic Acids:  A Simple and Rapid DNA Extraction Method

न्यूक्लिक एसिड की छानने का अलगाव: एक सरल और तेजी डीएनए निष्कर्षण विधि

FINA, filtration isolation of nucleic acids, is a novel extraction method which utilizes vertical filtration via a separation membrane and absorbent pad ...