Name: appetitive associative olfactory learning in drosophila larvae
Uploaded: 2013-02-18T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae at JoVE.com

We willen vooral de leden van de Gerber lab bedanken voor technische instructies op hun experimentele opstelling en commentaar op het manuscript. We danken ook Lyubov Pankevych voor fly-verzorging en het onderhoud van het wild-type kantons voorraad. Dit werk wordt ondersteund door de DFG subsidie ​​TH1584/1-1, de SNF subsidie ​​31003A_132812 / 1 en de Zukunftskolleg van de Universiteit van Konstanz (alle tot AST).

1. Voorbereiding <ol><li> Drosophila wild-type larven worden opgewekt bij 25 ° C en 60% -80% vochtigheid in een 14/10 licht / donker-cyclus. Voor het regelen van de exacte leeftijd van de larven altijd 20 vrouwtjes worden gebracht met 10 mannen in een flacon (6 cm hoog en 2,5 cm diameter) dat ongeveer 6 ml van de standaard vlieg voedsel bevat. Vliegen mogen eieren gedurende 12 uur en overgebracht naar een nieuw buisje op de tweede dag. 5-6 dagen na eierleggende larven bij de voeding 3e instar stad...

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<html> De beschreven opstelling in Drosophila larven maakt voor het onderzoek naar associatieve olfactorische leren in een relatief lagere hersenen. De aanpak is eenvoudig, goedkoop, eenvoudig vast te stellen in een lab en vereist geen high-tech apparatuur 9. Wij presenteren een versie van het experiment om begerend associatief leren versterkt door fructose beloning 11 bestuderen. De beschreven opstelling is gebaseerd op een reeks parametrische studies die uitvoerig onderzocht variaties in ...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Naam van het reagens </td><td> Vennootschap </td><td> Catalogusnummer </td><td> CAS-nummer </td></tr><tr><td> Fructose </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 47740 </td><td> 57-48-7 </td></tr><tr><td> NaCl </td><td> Fluka </td><td> 71350 </td><td> 7647-14-5 </td></tr><tr><td> Agarose </td><td> Sigma </td><td> A5093 </td><td> 9012-36-6 </td></tr><tr><td> 1-octanol </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 12012 </td><td> 111-87-5 </td></tr><tr><td> Amylacetate </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 46022 </td><td> 628-63-7 </td></tr><tr><td> Petroleum </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 18512 </td><td> 8012-95-1 </td></tr></tbody></table>

appetitive associative olfactory learning in drosophila larvae

In het volgende beschrijven we de methodologische details van appetitieve associatief olfactorische leren in Drosophila larven. De opstelling in combinatie met genetische storingen is een handvat om de neuronale en moleculaire grondslagen van specifiek associatief leren analyseren in eenvoudige larvale hersenen. Organismen kunnen gebruiken ervaringen uit het verleden aan de huidige gedrag aan te passen. Deze verwerving van potentiële gedrag kan worden gedefinieerd als leren en de fysieke bases van deze mogelijkheden als geheugen sporen 1-4. Neurowetenschappers te begrijpen hoe deze processen zijn georganiseerd in termen van moleculaire en neuronale veranderingen in de hersenen door verschillende methoden in modelorganismen variërend van insecten tot 5,6 vertebraten. Voor deze inspanningen is het handig om te gebruiken modelsystemen die eenvoudig en experimenteel toegankelijk. De Drosophila larve bleek deze eisen voldoen gebaseerd opde beschikbaarheid van krachtige gedrag assays, het bestaan ​​van verschillende transgene technieken en de elementaire organisatie van het zenuwstelsel die slechts ongeveer 10.000 neuronen (met enige voordelen: cognitieve beperkingen, weinig gedragsalternatieven en rijke ervaring bedenkelijk) 7-10 . Drosophila larven kunnen vormen associaties tussen geuren en appetitieve smaak versterking zoals suiker 11-14. In een standaard assay, die in het lab van B. Gerber krijgen de dieren twee geur wederzijdse training: Een eerste groep van larven wordt blootgesteld aan een geur A samen met een smaak bekrachtiger (suiker beloning) en vervolgens blootgesteld aan een geur B zonder wapening 9. Inmiddels is er een tweede groep van larven krijgt wederzijdse opleiding, terwijl het ervaren van geur A zonder wapening en vervolgens worden blootgesteld aan geur B met versterking (suiker beloning). In de volgende twee groepen tested voor hun voorkeur tussen de twee geuren. Relatief hogere voorkeuren voor de beloonde geur weerspiegelen associatief leren - gepresenteerd als een prestatie-index (PI). De conclusie met betrekking tot de associatieve aard van de prestatie-index is dwingend, want afgezien van de contingentie tussen geuren en tastants, andere parameters, zoals geur en beloning blootstelling, verstrijken van de tijd en de behandeling verschilt niet tussen de twee groepen 9.

Figuur 1A toont een overzicht van de experimentele procedures voor larvale olfactorische associatief leren. Door de combinatie van een van de twee voorgestelde geuren een suiker beloning larven verwerven gedrag potentieel een aantrekkelijk antwoord naar de beloning geur in vergelijking met de expressie beloond geur. Twee groepen larven worden altijd getraind door een van beide het koppelen van de bekrachtiger met de geur LGO of AM. De prestatie-index (PI) meet de associatieve functie als het verschil in...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae at JoVE.com

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Drosophila larven zijn in staat om geur stimuli associëren met smaak beloning. Hier beschrijven we een eenvoudige gedragsmatige paradigma dat de analyse van appetitieve associatief olfactorische leren mogelijk maakt.

Appetitieve Associatieve Olfactorische Learning in<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larven

In the following we describe the methodological  details of appetitive associative olfactory learning in Drosophila larvae. The setup, in combination with ...

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Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

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The memory of experiences and learned information is critical for organisms to make choices that aid their survival. C. elegans navigates its environment ...

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Advances in genetic methods have enabled the study of genes involved in human neurodegenerative diseases using Drosophila as a model system1. Most of ...

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Local and Global Methods of Assessing Thermal Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Lokale en globale methoden voor de beoordeling Thermische Nociceptie in<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larven

In this article, we demonstrate assays to study thermal nociception in Drosophila larvae. One assay involves spatially-restricted (local) stimulation of ...

Visualization of Proprioceptors in Drosophila Larvae and Pupae

Visualization of Proprioceptors in Drosophila Larvae and Pupae

Visualisatie van proprioceptoren in<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larven en poppen

Proprioception is the ability to sense the motion, or position, of body parts by responding to stimuli arising within the body. In fruitflies and other ...

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Drosophila have been used in classical conditioning experiments for over 40 years, thus greatly facilitating our understanding of memory, including the ...

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Lichte voorkeur Assay om Aangeboren en Circadiaanse Gereglementeerde Photobehavior studeren in<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larven

Light acts as environmental signal to control animal behavior at various levels. The Drosophila larval nervous system is used as a unique model to answer ...

Whole Mount Immunolabeling of Olfactory Receptor Neurons in the Drosophila Antenna

Whole Mount Immunolabeling of Olfactory Receptor Neurons in the Drosophila Antenna

Hele Mount immunolabeling van olfactorische receptor neuronen in de<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Antenne

Odorant molecules bind to their target receptors in a precise and coordinated manner. Each receptor recognizes a specific signal and relays this ...

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Elektrofysiologische Methode voor opname intracellulaire Voltage Reacties van<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Fotoreceptoren en Interneurons naar Light Stimuli<em&gt; In Vivo</em

Voltage responses of insect photoreceptors and visual interneurons can be accurately recorded with conventional sharp microelectrodes. The method ...

Novel Assay for Cold Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Novel Assay for Cold Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Nieuwe test voor Cold Nociceptie in<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larven

How organisms sense and respond to noxious temperatures is still poorly understood. Further, the mechanisms underlying sensitization of the sensory ...

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Een objectieve en reproduceerbare Test van olfactorische leren en discriminatie in muizen

Olfaction is the predominant sensory modality in mice and influences many important behaviors, including foraging, predator detection, mating, and ...