Name: appetitive associative olfactory learning in drosophila larvae
Uploaded: 2013-02-18T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae at JoVE.com

Gostaríamos especialmente de agradecer aos membros do laboratório Gerber para instruções técnicas sobre a sua configuração experimental e comentários sobre o manuscrito. Agradecemos também Lyubov Pankevych para o cuidado mosca e manutenção do estoque selvagem cantões tipo. Este trabalho é apoiado pela subvenção DFG TH1584/1-1, a concessão SNF 31003A_132812 / 1 e o Zukunftskolleg da Universidade de Konstanz (toda a AST).

1. Preparação <ol><li> Drosophila larvas tipo selvagem são criados a 25 ° C e 60% ​​a 80% de humidade num ciclo de 14/10 de luz / escuridão. Para controlar a idade exata das larvas sempre 20 fêmeas são colocados com 10 homens em um frasco (6 cm de altura e 2,5 cm de diâmetro), que inclui cerca de 6 ml de alimento mosca padrão. As moscas são permitidos para pôr ovos durante 12 horas e são transferidas para um novo frasco no segundo dia. 5-6 dias após a postura de ovos larvas atingir a alimenta...

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<html> A configuração descrita em larvas Drosophila permite a investigação sobre a aprendizagem associativa olfativa dentro de um cérebro comparativamente elementar. A abordagem é simples, barato, fácil de estabelecer em um laboratório e não requer equipamentos de alta tecnologia 9. Nós apresentamos uma versão do experimento, para estudar a aprendizagem associativa apetitiva reforçado pela recompensa frutose 11. A configuração descrita baseia-se numa série de estudos paramét...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nome do reagente </td><td> Companhia </td><td> Número de catálogo </td><td> Número CAS </td></tr><tr><td> Frutose </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 47740 </td><td> 57-48-7 </td></tr><tr><td> NaCl </td><td> Fluka </td><td> 71350 </td><td> 7647-14-5 </td></tr><tr><td> Agarose </td><td> Sigma </td><td> A5093 </td><td> 9012-36-6 </td></tr><tr><td> 1-octanol </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 12012 </td><td> 111-87-5 </td></tr><tr><td> Amylacetate </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 46022 </td><td> 628-63-7 </td></tr><tr><td> Petróleo </td><td> Sigma </td><td> 18512 </td><td> 8012-95-1 </td></tr></tbody></table>

appetitive associative olfactory learning in drosophila larvae

A seguir, descrevemos os detalhes metodológicos da aprendizagem associativa apetitiva olfativo em larvas Drosophila. A configuração, em combinação com interferência genética, fornece um identificador para analisar as bases neuronais e moleculares da aprendizagem associativa especificamente no cérebro de um simples larval. Organismos podem utilizar a experiência passada para ajustar o comportamento presente. Essa aquisição do potencial comportamental pode ser definida como a aprendizagem, e as bases físicas destes potenciais como traços de memória 1-4. Neurocientistas tentar entender como esses processos são organizados em termos de alterações moleculares e neuronal no cérebro, usando uma variedade de métodos em organismos modelo, desde insetos aos vertebrados 5,6. Para tais esforços é útil usar sistemas modelo que são simples e acessíveis experimentalmente. A larva Drosophila acabou por satisfazer essas demandas com base naa disponibilidade de ensaios comportamentais robustos, a existência de uma variedade de técnicas transgênicas ea organização fundamental do sistema nervoso que compreende apenas cerca de 10 mil neurônios (embora com algumas concessões: limitações cognitivas, comportamentais, poucas opções e riqueza de experiência questionável) 7-10 . Larvas de Drosophila podem formar associações entre odores e reforço gustativa apetitivo como o açúcar 11-14. Num ensaio padrão, criada no laboratório de B. Gerber, os animais recebem um dois-odor formação recíproca: Um primeiro grupo de larvas é exposto a um odor que A juntamente com um reforçador gustativas (recompensa açúcar) e é subsequentemente exposto a um odor B sem reforço 9. Enquanto isso, um segundo grupo de larvas recebe formação recíproca ao experimentar odor Um sem reforço e subsequentemente serem expostos a B odor com reforço (recompensa açúcar). A seguir ambos os grupos são tested por sua preferência entre os dois odores. Preferências relativamente mais elevadas para o odor recompensado reflectir a aprendizagem associativa - apresenta-se como um índice de desempenho (PI). A conclusão sobre a natureza associativa do índice de desempenho é atraente, porque além de a contingência entre os odores e tastants, outros parâmetros, tais como odor e exposição recompensa, passagem do tempo e manuseio não diferem entre os dois grupos 9.

Figura 1A mostra uma visão geral dos procedimentos experimentais para a aprendizagem olfativa larval associativo. Por emparelhamento de um dos dois odores apresentados com uma recompensa larvas açúcar adquirir o comportamento potencial para expressar uma resposta atraente para o odor recompensado em comparação com o odor recompensa. Dois grupos de larvas são sempre treinados por qualquer emparelhar o reforço com o odor outubro ou AM. O índice de desempenho (PI) mede a função associativo como a...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae at JoVE.com

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Larvas de Drosophila são capazes de associar estímulos odor com recompensa gustativa. Aqui nós descrevemos um paradigma comportamental simples que permite a análise da aprendizagem associativa apetitiva olfativo.

Aprendizagem associativa apetitiva olfativa em<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; As larvas

In the following we describe the methodological  details of appetitive associative olfactory learning in Drosophila larvae. The setup, in combination with ...

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Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

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Proprioception is the ability to sense the motion, or position, of body parts by responding to stimuli arising within the body. In fruitflies and other ...

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Drosophila Adult Olfactory Shock Learning

Drosophila Adulto Olfativo Choque Aprendizagem

Drosophila have been used in classical conditioning experiments for over 40 years, thus greatly facilitating our understanding of memory, including the ...

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Luz Ensaio Preferências para estudar inata e circadiano Photobehavior Regulamentado<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; As larvas

Light acts as environmental signal to control animal behavior at various levels. The Drosophila larval nervous system is used as a unique model to answer ...

Whole Mount Immunolabeling of Olfactory Receptor Neurons in the Drosophila Antenna

Whole Mount Immunolabeling of Olfactory Receptor Neurons in the Drosophila Antenna

Monte todo imunomarcação de Neurônios Receptores Olfatórios no<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Antena

Odorant molecules bind to their target receptors in a precise and coordinated manner. Each receptor recognizes a specific signal and relays this ...

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Electrophysiological Method for Recording Intracellular Voltage Responses of Drosophila Photoreceptors and Interneurons to Light Stimuli In Vivo

Método eletrofisiológico para respostas gravação intracelular de tensão<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Fotorreceptores e Interneurônios à luz Estímulos<em&gt; In Vivo</em

Voltage responses of insect photoreceptors and visual interneurons can be accurately recorded with conventional sharp microelectrodes. The method ...

Novel Assay for Cold Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Novel Assay for Cold Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Romance Ensaio para Fria nocicepção em<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larvas

How organisms sense and respond to noxious temperatures is still poorly understood. Further, the mechanisms underlying sensitization of the sensory ...

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Uma objetiva e reproduzível teste de aprendizagem olfactiva e discriminação em ratos

Olfaction is the predominant sensory modality in mice and influences many important behaviors, including foraging, predator detection, mating, and ...