Name: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) with auditory stimulation in songbirds
Uploaded: 2013-06-03T08:56:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds at JoVE.com

Esta pesquisa foi apoiada por doações da Fundação de Pesquisa - Flandres (FWO, projeto Nr G.0420.02 e G.0443.11N), a Fundação Hercules (concessão Nr AUHA0012), concertadas Acções de Investigação (GOA financiamento) da Universidade de Antuérpia, e parcialmente patrocinado pela EC - FP6 projeto Dimi, LSHB-CT-2005-512146 e EC - FP6 projeto EMIL LSHC-CT-2004-503569 para A.VdL. G.DG e CP são bolsistas de pós-doutorado da Fundação de Pesquisa - Flandres (FWO).

1. Preparação dos estímulos auditivos <ol><li> Primeiro gravar o som-estímulos ao ser jogado dentro do furo do sistema MR 7T. O furo é de um espaço confinado, que pode distorcer os estímulos auditivos, resultando na melhoria de determinadas frequências auditivas. Figura 1 mostra as frequências aumentadas e suprimida, como mostrado pelas nossas gravações de ruído branco feito no local da cabeça da ave no magneto usando um microfone de fibra óptica (Optimic 1160, Optoacoustics). Para compe...

<ol>
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Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microvascular+BOLD+contribution+at+4+and+7+T+in+the+human+brain:+gradient-echo+and+spin-echo+fMRI+with+suppression+of+blood+effects.">Microvascular BOLD contribution at 4 and 7 T in the human brain: gradient-echo and spin-echo fMRI with suppression of blood effects.</a> Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 49, 1019-1027 (2003).</li><li>Lee, S. P., Silva, A. C., Ugurbil, K., Kim, S. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diffusion-weighted+spin-echo+fMRI+at+9.4+T:+microvascular/tissue+contribution+to+BOLD+signal+changes.">Diffusion-weighted spin-echo fMRI at 9.4 T: microvascular/tissue contribution to BOLD signal changes.</a> Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 42, 919-928 (1999).</li><li>Uludag, K., Muller-Bierl, B., Ugurbil, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+integrative+model+for+neuronal+activity-induced+signal+changes+for+gradient+and+spin+echo+functional+imaging.">An integrative model for neuronal activity-induced signal changes for gradient and spin echo functional imaging.</a> NeuroImage. 48, 150-165 (2009).</li><li>Yacoub, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spin-echo+fMRI+in+humans+using+high+spatial+resolutions+and+high+magnetic+fields.">Spin-echo fMRI in humans using high spatial resolutions and high magnetic fields.</a> Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 49, 655-664 (2003).</li><li>Keilholz, S. 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Neste relatório, nós descrevemos um protocolo otimizado para o detalhado na caracterização vivo de substratos neurais da estimulação auditiva em tentilhões-zebra anestesiados. Em consonância com o protocolo apresentado, a maioria dos estudos de ativação cerebral funcionais em animais utilizando fMRI BOLD, anestesiar os animais durante a aquisição. Treinar animais para acostumá-los ao ambiente ímã eo ruído do scanner durante os períodos de estudo também é ...

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Name of the reagent/equipment</td>
 <td>Company</td>
 <td>Catalogue number</td>
 <td>Comments </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Isoflurane anaesthetic</td>
 <td>Isoflo</td>
 <td>05260-05</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PC-Sam hardware/software</td>
 <td>SA-Instruments</td>
 <td></td>
 <td><a href="http://www.i4sa.com" target="_blank">http://www.i4sa.com</a></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Monitoring and gating system</td>
 <td></td>
 <td>1025</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>MR-compatible small rodent heater system</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td>Model 1025 compatible</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Rectal temperature probe</td>
 <td></td>
 <td>RTP-102B</td>
 <td>7'', 0.044'' </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>7T MR scanner</td>
 <td>Bruker Biospin</td>
 <td>PHS 70/16 </td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Paravision software</td>
 <td></td>
 <td>5.1</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Gradient Insert</td>
 <td></td>
 <td>BGA9S</td>
 <td>400 mT/m, 300A, 500V</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Gradient Amplifiers</td>
 <td>Copley Co., USA</td>
 <td>C256</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Transmit resonators</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td>Inner diameter: 72 mm, transmit only, active decoupled</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Receiver antenna - 20 mm quadrature Mouse Head</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td>Receive only, active decoupled</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>WaveLab software</td>
 <td>Steinberg</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Praat software</td>
 <td>Paul Boersma, University of Amsterdam</td>
 <td></td>
 <td><a href="http://www.praat.org" target="_blank">http://www.praat.org</a></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Non-magnetic dynamic speakers</td>
 <td>Visation, Germany</td>
 <td>HK 150</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Fiber optic microphone</td>
 <td>Optoacoustics, </td>
 <td>Optimic 1160</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sound amplifier</td>
 <td>Phonic corporation</td>
 <td>MM 1002a</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Presentation software</td>
 <td>Neurobehavioral Systems Inc.</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>MRIcro</td>
 <td>Chris Rorden</td>
 <td></td>
 <td><a href="http://www.cabiatl.com/mricro/mricro/" target="_blank">http://www.cabiatl.com/mricro/mricro/</a></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM)</td>
 <td>Welcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging</td>
 <td>8</td>
 <td><a href="http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/" target="_blank">http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/</a></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) with auditory stimulation in songbirds

A neurobiologia do canto dos pássaros, como um modelo para a fala humana, é uma área pronunciado de pesquisa em neurociência comportamental. Considerando eletrofisiologia e molecular abordagens permitem a investigação de qualquer diferentes estímulos em alguns neurônios, ou um estímulo em grandes partes do cérebro, o nível de oxigenação do sangue dependente (BOLD) Ressonância Magnética funcional (fMRI) permite combinar as vantagens, ou seja, comparar a ativação neural induzida por diferentes estímulos em todo o cérebro de uma só vez. fMRI em pássaros é um desafio por causa do pequeno tamanho de seus cérebros e porque os seus ossos e, especialmente, seu crânio compreendem inúmeras cavidades de ar, induzindo importantes artefatos de suscetibilidade. Gradiente-eco (GE) fMRI BOLD tem sido aplicado com sucesso para pássaros 1-5 (para uma revisão, ver 6). Estes estudos se concentraram nas áreas primárias e secundárias auditivas cerebrais, que são regiões livres de artefatos de suscetibilidade. No entanto, devido proccessos de interesse pode ocorrer para além dessas regiões, todo o cérebro fMRI BOLD é necessário utilizar uma seqüência de ressonância magnética menos suscetíveis a esses artefatos. Isto pode ser conseguido através da utilização de spin-eco (SE) NEGRITO RMf 7,8. Neste artigo, descrevemos como usar esta técnica em tentilhões-zebra (Taeniopygia guttata), que são pequenos pássaros com um peso corporal de 15-25 g extensivamente estudado em neurociência comportamental do canto dos pássaros. O principal tema de estudos de fMRI sobre pássaros é a percepção da música e aprendizagem da música. A natureza auditiva dos estímulos combinados com os fracos sensibilidade BOLD de SE (em comparação com GE) seqüências de fMRI baseados faz com que a implementação desta técnica muito desafiador.

<html> Nós aqui apresentada visualmente uma sequência otimizada de procedimentos para a imagem de sucesso de substratos neurais dos estímulos auditivos na finch cérebro zebra. Em primeiro lugar, o procedimento descrito para a preparação dos estímulos auditivos em resultados de estímulos que podem ser incorporados num ON / OFF paradigma bloco (Figura 2) e que são normalizados para eliminar possíveis diferenças no nível de pressão de som que pode evocar uma resposta diferencial no cérebro . D...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds at JoVE.com

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds

Este artigo mostra um procedimento otimizado para imagens dos substratos neurais da estimulação auditiva no cérebro songbird usando ressonância magnética funcional (fMRI). Ele descreve a preparação dos estímulos sonoros, o posicionamento do sujeito e da aquisição e posterior análise dos dados de fMRI.

Ressonância Magnética Funcional (fMRI), com estimulação auditiva em aves canoras

The neurobiology of birdsong, as a model for human speech, is a pronounced area of research in behavioral neuroscience. Whereas electrophysiology and ...

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds

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