Name: identification of olfactory volatiles using gas chromatography-multi-unit recordings (gcmr) in the insect antennal lobe
Uploaded: 2013-02-24T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings GCMR in the Insect Antennal Lobe at JoVE.com

这项工作是由国家科学基金会资助IOS 1121692，和大学的华盛顿研究基金会的支持。

1。挥发性Follection <ol><li>在这个例子中，我们使用挥发性样品M. lewisii花-高山野花原产于美国加州。收集挥发物，采用动态吸附方法，根据到Riffell 等。14。简单地说，该方法采用一个闭环特氟隆包括在花捕集系统。使用的惰性的真空泵，花的周围空气被吸入，通过一个“陷阱”巴斯德吸管包括充满PORAPAK Q矩阵。从泵的返回空气通过活性炭过滤。一规定时间周期之后，在我们...

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昆虫的嗅觉介导的行为驱动许多不同的流程，包括复制，主机选址，并确定适当的食物资源。这些过程的研究需要从源头抓起，以及识别能力，调解行为的化合物，这些化合物的挥发物排放的识别能力。复杂的问题是，气味是由几十到几百，共同创造一个独特的气味，被认为比单个的成分6,7,13,19,20不同的单个化合物。 ，最初研究中的性信息素系统12进行的，最近更是在食品和产卵...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 项目名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 目录编号 </td><td> 评论 </td></tr><tr><td> PORAPAK Q型80-100目</td><td>沃特斯</td><td> WAT027060 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>雷诺烤箱袋</td><td>雷诺</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> GC </td><td>安捷伦</td><td> 7820A </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> GC柱</td><td> J＆W科学，福尔瑟姆，CA，USA </td><td> DB-5（30米，0.25毫米，0.25微米） </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>分析氦载气</td><td>普莱克斯</td><td> HE K表</td><td> 1毫升/分钟</td></tr><tr><td> 16通道硅电极</td><td> Neuronexus技术部历史ologies </td><td> a4x4-3mm50-177 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>细金属丝镍铬，0.012毫米直径） </td><td>山特维克山特维克HP里德</td><td> PX000004 </td><td>为了使自定义的四极管和stereotrodes </td></tr><tr><td>前置放大器</td><td>塔克 - 戴维斯系统</td><td> PZ-2的</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>扩音器</td><td>塔克 - 戴维斯系统</td><td> RZ-2 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>数据采集​​系统 - OpenEx套件</td><td>塔克 - 戴维斯系统</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>在线穗排序软件 - SpikePac </td><td>塔克 - 戴维斯系统</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>离线穗排序软件 - Mclust穗排序工具箱</td><td>大卫雷迪希，大学神经科学系美国明尼苏达州</td><td>免费在<a href="http://redishlab.neuroscience.umn.edu/MClust/MClust.html" target="_blank">http://redishlab.neuroscience.umn.edu/MClust/MClust.html</a>下载</td><td> MATLAB工具箱</td></tr></tbody></table>

identification of olfactory volatiles using gas chromatography-multi-unit recordings (gcmr) in the insect antennal lobe

所有的生物体生活在一个世界充满感官刺激，确定其所处的环境行为和生理反应。嗅觉是特别重要的昆虫，它用自己的嗅觉系统响应和歧视之中，复杂的刺激气味。这些气味引起的行为，调解过程，如繁殖和栖息地选择1-3。此外，化学传感由昆虫介导的行为，农业和人类健康是非常重要的，其中包括4-6，草食动物的粮食作物7，授粉和传播疾病8,9。因此，在昆虫行为的嗅觉信号，其作用是识别重要的，了解生态过程和人类的食物资源和福祉。 至目前为止，已经难以识别驱动昆虫行为的挥发性物质，往往是乏味。目前的技术包括：气相色谱耦合电生理记录（GC-EAG）和气相色谱耦合的单感器录音（GC-SSR）10-12。这些技术被证明是重要的生物活性化合物的鉴定。我们已经开发出一种方法，使用气相色谱多通道电生理的录音（称为“GCMR”）的神经元在触角叶（AL;昆虫的嗅觉中枢）13,14。这个国家的最先进的技术使我们能够探测气味信息是如何表示的昆虫的大脑。此外，因为在这个级别的嗅觉处理神经元对气味的反应是非常敏感的，因为天线AL神经元的受体神经元到收敛的程度，AL录音可以让活性成分自然的​​气味，高效和高灵敏度的检测。在这里，我们描述GCMR举一个例子，它的使用。 一些一般的步骤是国际富豪的ved检测生物活性挥发物和昆虫响应。挥发物，首先需要收集的利益来源（在这个例子中，我们使用花沟酸浆属 （属Phyrmaceae）），其特征为需要使用标准的GC-MS技术14-16。昆虫准备用最小的解剖研究，之后记录电极插入触角叶，多渠道的神经开始录制的。处理后的神经数据，然后显示特定的气味分子的昆虫的神经系统造成显着的神经反应。 虽然我们在这里给出的例子中特定授粉研究，GCMR可以扩大到范围广泛的研究生物和挥发性来源。例如，此方法可用于在吸引或排斥矢量昆虫和作物害虫的加臭剂的识别。此外，GCMR也可以被用来识别有益昆虫的引诱剂，如婆llinators。该技术可以扩展到非昆虫科目以及。

在使用M. GCMR分析的lewisii花香的味道，我们3微升提取物注入到GC。挥发物的纯化，通过GC的总数通常为60-70挥发物。香味M. lewisii是主要组成的单萜类化合物，包括β-月桂烯（非周期性）和α-蒎烯，用剩余六碳挥发物，如2 -己醇，倍半萜类化合物，包括&lt;1％的顶空组成的气味。 GCMR利用触角叶神经元的敏感性，以及神经元的处理用的重要的生物...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings GCMR in the Insect Antennal Lobe at JoVE.com

Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings GCMR in the Insect Antennal Lobe

嗅觉介导许多不同的昆虫的行为，并经常由数十至数百种挥发性化合物组成的复杂混合物。气相色谱法与多通道记录在昆虫触角叶中，我们描述的生物活性化合物的鉴定方法。

用气相色谱 - 多单元的录音（GCMR）昆虫触角叶嗅觉挥发物的鉴定

All  organisms inhabit a world full of sensory stimuli that determine their  behavioral and physiological response to their environment. Olfaction is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings (GCMR) in the Insect Antennal Lobe

Calcium Imaging of Odor-evoked Responses in the Drosophila Antennal Lobe

Calcium Imaging of Odor-evoked Responses in the Drosophila Antennal Lobe

在气味诱发反应的钙成像果蝇触角叶

The antennal lobe is the primary olfactory center in the insect brain and represents the anatomical and functional equivalent of the vertebrate olfactory ...

科研

神经科学

Imaging Odor-Evoked Activities in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb using Optical Reflectance and Autofluorescence Signals

在小鼠嗅球成像气味诱发的活动，利用光学反射和自体荧光信号

In the brain, sensory stimulation activates distributed populations of neurons among functional modules which participate to the coding of the stimulus. ...

Odorant-induced Responses Recorded from Olfactory Receptor Neurons using the Suction Pipette Technique

从使用吸吸液管技术的嗅觉受体神经元的气味引起的反应记录

Animals sample the odorous environment around them through the chemosensory systems located in the nasal cavity. Chemosensory signals affect complex ...

Dual Electrophysiological Recordings of Synaptically-evoked Astroglial and Neuronal Responses in Acute Hippocampal Slices

双突触诱发的星形胶质细胞和神经元的反应，在急性海马脑片电生理记录

Astrocytes form together with neurons tripartite synapses, where they integrate and modulate neuronal activity. Indeed, astrocytes sense neuronal inputs ...

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust (Schistocerca Americana) Olfactory Circuits

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust Schistocerca Americana Olfactory Circuits

多单位记录方法来描述蝗虫的神经活动（<em&gt; Schistocerca美洲</em&gt;）嗅觉电路

Detection and interpretation of olfactory cues are critical for the survival  of many organisms. Remarkably, species across phyla have strikingly similar ...

Using Insect Electroantennogram Sensors on Autonomous Robots for Olfactory Searches

在自主机器人以昆虫触角电位传感器的嗅觉搜索

Robots designed to track chemical leaks in hazardous industrial facilities1 or explosive traces in landmine fields2 face the same problem as insects ...

Ex Vivo Preparations of the Intact Vomeronasal Organ and Accessory Olfactory Bulb

Ex Vivo Preparations of the Intact Vomeronasal Organ and Accessory Olfactory Bulb

完整的犁鼻器和副嗅球的体外制剂

The mouse accessory olfactory system (AOS) is a specialized sensory pathway for detecting nonvolatile social odors, pheromones, and kairomones. The first ...

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings

Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings

光感受器细胞光谱灵敏度在从昆虫模型决定<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;细胞内记录

Intracellular recording is a powerful technique used to determine how a single cell may respond to a given stimulus. In vision research, intracellular ...

Insect-controlled Robot: A Mobile Robot Platform to Evaluate the Odor-tracking Capability of an Insect

昆虫控制的机器人：移动机器人平台来评估昆虫的气味跟踪能力

Robotic odor source localization has been a challenging area and one to which biological knowledge has been expected to contribute, as finding odor ...

Quadruple Immunostaining of the Olfactory Bulb for Visualization of Olfactory Sensory Axon Molecular Identity Codes

嗅球的四次免疫染色用于嗅觉感觉轴突分子识别码的可视化

The mouse olfactory system is often used to study mechanisms of neural circuit formation&#12288;because of its simple anatomical structure. An Olfactory ...