Name: endothelin-1 induced middle cerebral artery occlusion model for ischemic stroke with laser doppler flowmetry guidance in rat
Uploaded: 2013-02-16T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Rat at JoVE.com

这项工作是支持由美国心脏协会大中华区东南亚联盟（09GRNT2060421），美国医学协会，并从大学的佛罗里达州的临床与转化科学研究所的资助。亚当麦加是一个NIH / NINDS，NRSA博士前研究员（F30 NS-060335）。高血压（T32 HL-083810）从佛罗里达州的多学科培训计划的大学，博士前奖学金罗伯特·Regenhardt收到支持。

机构动物管理和使用委员会（IACUC）在佛罗里达大学和批准该协议是符合“指南的照顾和使用的实验动物”（第八版，美国国家科学院，2011年）。 物料<ol><li>动物：8周龄，雄性，只SD大鼠（查尔斯河农场，威​​尔明顿，MA，USA），体重250〜300克，手术时间。 </li><li>麻醉<ol class="lalpha"><li>吸入麻醉系统（VetEquip公司，普莱森顿，CA，USA） </li><li>异氟醚麻醉剂（巴克斯特制药，?...

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	<li>Stroke--1989. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recommendations+on+stroke+prevention,+diagnosis,+and+therapy.+Report+of+the+WHO+Task+Force+on+Stroke+and+other+Cerebrovascular+Disorders.">Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Report of the WHO Task Force on Stroke and other Cerebrovascular Disorders.</a> Stroke. 20, 1407-1431 (1989).</li><li>Lloyd-Jones, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heart+disease+and+stroke+statistics--2009+update:+a+report+from+the+American+Heart+Association+Statistics+Committee+and+Stroke+Statistics+Subcommittee.">Heart disease and stroke statistics--2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee.</a> Circulation. 119, 480-486 (2009).</li><li>Mohr, J. 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J., Sumners, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candesartan+pretreatment+is+cerebroprotective+in+a+rat+model+of+endothelin-1-induced+middle+cerebral+artery+occlusion.">Candesartan pretreatment is cerebroprotective in a rat model of endothelin-1-induced middle cerebral artery occlusion.</a> Exp. Physiol. 94, 937-946 (2009).</li><li>Braeuninger, S., Kleinschnitz, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+models+of+focal+cerebral+ischemia:+procedural+pitfalls+and+translational+problems.">Rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia: procedural pitfalls and translational problems.</a> Exp. Transl. Stroke Med. 1, 8 (2009).</li><li>Tomsick, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intravenous+thrombolysis+for+acute+ischemic+stroke.">Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.</a> J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. 15, 67-76 (2004).</li><li>Olsen, T. S., Lassen, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+dynamic+concept+of+middle+cerebral+artery+occlusion+and+cerebral+infarction+in+the+acute+state+based+on+interpreting+severe+hyperemia+as+a+sign+of+embolic+migration.">A dynamic concept of middle cerebral artery occlusion and cerebral infarction in the acute state based on interpreting severe hyperemia as a sign of embolic migration.</a> Stroke. 15, 458-468 (1984).</li><li>Pritchett-Corning, K. R., Luo, Y., Mulder, G. B., White, W. 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Physiol. 96 (1-7), 1084-1096 (2011).</li><li>Fisher, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Update+of+the+stroke+therapy+academic+industry+roundtable+preclinical+recommendations.">Update of the stroke therapy academic industry roundtable preclinical recommendations.</a> Stroke. 40, 2244-2250 (2009).</li></ol>

ET-1诱导脑缺血是一个既定的模式，经常使用在多个品系的实验缺血性中风。许多变量，如大鼠株，动物年龄，体温，麻醉方法和操作者的专业知识，可导致梗死体积的变异性增加时，使用此模型5中，14。然而，一些研究者已经证明，这种模式的优势，包括相对非侵入性的方法，剂量反应的脑血流ET-1，和能力，以避免完全由麻醉注射ET-1在清醒大鼠14日，15。值得注意的是，有很多...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><ol><li>动物：8周龄，雄性，只SD大鼠（查尔斯河农场，威​​尔明顿，MA，USA），体重250〜300克，手术时间。 </li><li>麻醉<ol class="lalpha"><li>吸入麻醉系统（VetEquip公司，普莱森顿，CA，USA） </li><li>异氟醚麻醉剂（巴克斯特制药，迪尔菲尔德，IL，USA） </li></ol></li><li>立体定位系统（大卫KOPF工具，图洪加，CA，USA） <ol class="lalpha"><li>小动物立体定位系统</li><li>非破裂大鼠耳棒</li><li>气体麻醉大鼠头支架</li></ol></li><li>温度调节<ol class="lalpha"><li> BAT-12探针温度计（世界精密仪器公司，萨拉索塔，佛罗里达州，美国） </li><li> T / PUMP，TP600热毯（Gaymar工业公司，果树园公园，NY，USA） </li></ol></li><li>手术器械<ol class="lalpha"><li>手术刀，虹膜镊子手柄＃和11＃刀片，格雷夫斗牛犬钳钳，拉钩，螺丝刀，10μl注射器，26号斜口针（世界精密仪器公司，萨拉索塔，佛罗里达州，美国） </li><li>微电机的演习和立体的持有人，精髓立体定向喷油器（Stoelting，伍德戴尔，IL，USA） </li><li> 1.0毫米的圆形钻钻，1.0毫米的倒锥钻牙钻（Roboz手术仪器有限公司，公司，盖瑟斯堡，MD，USA） </li></ol></li><li>手术用品<ol class="lalpha"><li>安装螺丝0-80 X 3/32，2.4毫米轴的长度，21号导管4mm长的基座下方，套管假的（塑料件，罗阿诺克，VA，USA） </li><li>李连杰义齿丙烯酸树脂和液体的（郎牙科制造有限公司，公司，威灵，IL，USA） </li><li> 3.0尼龙线（绿洲，Mettawa，IL，USA） </li><li>棉签，Puralube的眼膏（费舍尔科学性C，匹兹堡，PA，USA） </li><li>电推剪（奥斯特，普罗维登斯，RI，USA） </li></ol></li><li>化学制品<ol class="lalpha"><li>内皮素-1（美国多肽，桑尼维尔，CA，USA） </li><li>洗必泰2％（Agrilabs，圣若瑟，MO，USA） </li><li>盐酸丁丙诺啡（赫士睿公司的Lake Forest，IL，USA） </li></ol></li><li>可视化设备<ol class="lalpha"><li>手术显微镜（塞勒仪器及制造，圣路易斯，MO，USA） </li><li>光纤照明器（TechniQuip公司，利弗莫尔，CA，USA） </li></ol></li><li>激光多普勒血流仪系统（的ADInstruments公司，科罗拉多斯普林斯，CO，USA） <ol class="lalpha"><li>标准铅笔探头</li><li>探头支架</li><li>血液流量计</li><li> PowerLab系统4/30与LabChart 7 </li></ol></li><li>梗死体积的测量<ol class="lalpha"><li>大鼠脑矩阵（Zivic - 米勒实验室，公司，艾里逊公园，PA，USA） </li><li> 2,3,5 - 三苯四唑氯化物（Sigma-Aldrich公司，圣路易斯，密苏里州，美国），在PBS中稀释至0.05％ </li><li>平板式扫描仪（爱普生Perfection V30，爱普生美国公司，长滩，CA，USA） </li><li> Image J软件（ImageJ的1.42q软件，美国国立卫生研究院，贝塞斯达，MA，USA） </li></ol></li></ol></td></tr></tbody></table>

endothelin-1 induced middle cerebral artery occlusion model for ischemic stroke with laser doppler flowmetry guidance in rat

2009年1，2，耗资约70亿美元在美国，中风是导致残疾和死亡的第三大原因，在世界上的头号。已经开发了几种型号的脑缺血，中风模仿人类的​​条件。曾有人建议，高达80％的所有笔划的结果由缺血性脑损伤中的大脑中动脉（MCA）的第3区。在20世纪90年代早期，内皮素-1（ET-1）4，通过将它直接相邻的表面后，在MCA开颅用于诱导缺血。后来，这个模型进行了改进，采用立体定向注射ET-1的相邻MCA局灶性脑缺血。这种模式的主要优点包括能够迅速执行过程，控制动脉收缩，通过改变剂量的ET-1交付的能力，没有需要处理的颅外血管供应血液输送到大脑，并逐渐reperfusi的利率，更接近人类再灌注损伤的5-7。另一方面，ET-1的模型具有的缺点，其中包括需要开颅，以及更高的变异性的每搏输出量8。这种变化可以减少使用激光多普勒血流仪（LDF），以验证脑缺血时ET-1次静脉滴注。变异性中风的因素影响包括输液和一批ET-1的精度，使用了6个 。另一个重要因素是，虽然再灌注损伤是一种常见的发生在人类中风，阻断ET-1诱导脑缺血的持续时间可能不会紧密地模仿人类中风病人多有局部灌注在一个小时内闭塞9天， 10。此协议中详细描述的ET-1诱导的脑缺血模型大鼠缺血性中风的。在整个过程中，它也将提请注意的特殊考虑和潜在的缺点。

1。术后神经学评估动物苏醒后，可用于广泛的测试，以评估神经功能障碍，包括平衡，握力​​，爪子配售，姿势不对称和楼梯攀登。葵花籽任务的运动和感觉功能，具有显着的相关性梗死第7卷，12是一个总的评价。在这个任务中，老鼠是定时开放和消费5葵花籽。五个种子放置在一个角落里，一个空的，干燥，塑料保持架和操纵的种子所花费的时间被记录。?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Rat at JoVE.com

Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Rat

已经开发了几种脑缺血的动物模型来模拟人的条件中风。该协议描述了内皮素-1（ET-1）诱导大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）模型大鼠缺血性中风。此外，重要的考虑因素，此模型的优点和缺点，进行了讨论。

内皮素-1诱导大脑中动脉闭塞模型缺血性中风激光多普勒血流仪在大鼠指导

Stroke is the number one cause of disability and third leading cause of death in the world, costing an estimated $70 billion in the United States in ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model

建模在小鼠体内的行程 - 中东与灯丝模型大脑中动脉闭塞

Stroke is among the most frequent causes of death and adult disability, especially in highly developed countries. However, treatment options to date are ...

科研

医学

Mouse Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

大脑中动脉闭塞的小鼠模型

Stroke is the most common fatal neurological disease in the United States 1. The majority of strokes (88%) result from blockage of blood vessels in the ...

Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Mice

Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion MCAO Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Mice

腔内中东大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）缺血性中风模型在小鼠体内的激光多普勒血流指导

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the world, with an estimated cost of near $70 billion 
in the United ...

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia

双侧颈总动脉闭塞足够的预处理刺激诱导局灶性脑缺血早期缺血耐受

There is accumulating evidence, that ischemic preconditioning - a non-damaging ischemic challenge to the brain - confers a transient protection to a ...

Utilizing a Cranial Window to Visualize the Middle Cerebral Artery During Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

利用颅窗口，在可视化的大脑中动脉内皮素-1诱导大脑中动脉闭塞

Creation of a cranial window is a method that allows direct visualization of structures on the cortical surface of the brain1-3. This technique can be ...

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

优化系统的脑灌注监测在中风模型大鼠的大脑中动脉闭塞腔内

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal ...

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Permanent Coagulation of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery

造型中风小鼠：在远端大脑中动脉永久性混凝

Stroke is the third most common cause of death and a main cause of acquired adult disability in developed countries. Only very limited therapeutical ...

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion MCAO for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

Clinically, thrombolytic therapy with use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the most effective treatment for acute ischemic ...

Quantification of Neurovascular Protection Following Repetitive Hypoxic Preconditioning and Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice

神经血管保护定量继在小鼠重复缺氧预处理和瞬态大脑中动脉闭塞

Experimental animal models of stroke are invaluable tools for understanding stroke pathology and developing more effective treatment strategies. A 2 week ...

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

执行永久远端大脑中与老年大鼠颈总动脉闭塞研究皮层缺血具有持续残疾

Stroke typically occurs in elderly people with a range of comorbidities including carotid (or other arterial) atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, ...