Name: preparation of tumor antigen-loaded mature dendritic cells for immunotherapy
Uploaded: 2013-08-01T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy at JoVE.com

Les auteurs tiennent à remercier Andres Salazar (Oncovir, Inc.) pour le don de la Poly-ICLC.

1. L&#39;isolement et la cryoconservation des PBMC 4 <ol><li> Aseptiquement pointe l&#39;un des orifices d&#39;accès à la poche de cytaphérèse aide d&#39;un ensemble de transfert de plasma. En utilisant une seringue de 60 ml, transférer la cytaphérèse provenant de patients dans un flacon de 500 ml stérile. </li><li> Réglez le volume de la cytaphérèse 2x son volume initial en utilisant la température ambiante RPMI. Mélanger soigneusement. </li><li> Mélanger délicatement la bouteille de Ficoll-...

<ol>
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B., Bhardwaj, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toll-like+receptor+agonists:+are+they+good+adjuvants?.">Toll-like receptor agonists: are they good adjuvants?.</a> Cancer J. 16, 382-391 (2010).</li><li>Kedl, R. M., Kappler, J. W., Marrack, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epitope+dominance,+competition+and+T+cell+affinity+maturation.">Epitope dominance, competition and T cell affinity maturation.</a> Curr. Opin. Immunol. 15, 120-127 (2003).</li><li>Bogunovic, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=TLR4+engagement+during+TLR3-induced+proinflammatory+signaling+in+dendritic+cells+promotes+IL-10-mediated+suppression+of+antitumor+immunity.">TLR4 engagement during TLR3-induced proinflammatory signaling in dendritic cells promotes IL-10-mediated suppression of antitumor immunity.</a> Cancer Research. 71, 5467-5476 (2011).</li><li>Verdijk, R. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polyriboinosinic+polyribocytidylic+acid+(poly(I:C))+induces+stable+maturation+of+functionally+active+human+dendritic+cells.">Polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) induces stable maturation of functionally active human dendritic cells.</a> J. Immunol. 163, 57-61 (1999).</li><li>Rouas, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Poly(I:C)+used+for+human+dendritic+cell+maturation+preserves+their+ability+to+secondarily+secrete+bioactive+IL-12.">Poly(I:C) used for human dendritic cell maturation preserves their ability to secondarily secrete bioactive IL-12.</a> Int. Immunol. 16, 767-773 (2004).</li><li>Jongmans, W., Tiemessen, D. M., van Vlodrop, I. J., Mulders, P. F., Oosterwijk, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Th1-polarizing+capacity+of+clinical-grade+dendritic+cells+is+triggered+by+Ribomunyl+but+is+compromised+by+PGE2:+the+importance+of+maturation+cocktails.">Th1-polarizing capacity of clinical-grade dendritic cells is triggered by Ribomunyl but is compromised by PGE2: the importance of maturation cocktails.</a> J. Immunother. 28, 480-487 (2005).</li><li>Krause, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prostaglandin+E2+is+a+key+factor+for+monocyte-derived+dendritic+cell+maturation:+enhanced+T+cell+stimulatory+capacity+despite+IDO.">Prostaglandin E2 is a key factor for monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation: enhanced T cell stimulatory capacity despite IDO.</a> J. Leukoc. Biol. 82, 1106-1114 (2007).</li><li>Morelli, A. E., Thomson, A. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cells+under+the+spell+of+prostaglandins.">Dendritic cells under the spell of prostaglandins.</a> Trends Immunol. 24, 108-111 (2003).</li><li>Adams, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cell+(DC)+based+therapy+for+cervical+cancer:+use+of+DC+pulsed+with+tumour+lysate+and+matured+with+a+novel+synthetic+clinically+non-toxic+double+stranded+RNA+analogue+poly+[I]:poly+[C(12)U]+(Ampligen+R).">Dendritic cell (DC) based therapy for cervical cancer: use of DC pulsed with tumour lysate and matured with a novel synthetic clinically non-toxic double stranded RNA analogue poly [I]:poly [C(12)U] (Ampligen R).</a> Vaccine. 21 (12), 787-790 (2003).</li><li>Colombo, M. P., Trinchieri, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin-12+in+anti-tumor+immunity+and+immunotherapy.">Interleukin-12 in anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy.</a> Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13, 155-168 (2002).</li><li>Mayordomo, J. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bone+marrow-derived+dendritic+cells+pulsed+with+synthetic+tumour+peptides+elicit+protective+and+therapeutic+antitumour+immunity.">Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells pulsed with synthetic tumour peptides elicit protective and therapeutic antitumour immunity.</a> Nat Med. 1, 1297-1302 (1995).</li><li>Dhodapkar, M. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+generation+of+broad+T-cell+immunity+in+humans+after+a+single+injection+of+mature+dendritic+cells.">Rapid generation of broad T-cell immunity in humans after a single injection of mature dendritic cells.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 104, 173-180 (1999).</li><li>Schuler-Thurner, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+induction+of+tumor-specific+type+1+T+helper+cells+in+metastatic+melanoma+patients+by+vaccination+with+mature,+cryopreserved,+peptide-loaded+monocyte-derived+dendritic+cells.">Rapid induction of tumor-specific type 1 T helper cells in metastatic melanoma patients by vaccination with mature, cryopreserved, peptide-loaded monocyte-derived dendritic cells.</a> J. Exp. Med. 195, 1279-1288 (2002).</li></ol>

Phase I et II des essais cliniques de DC dérivées de monocytes ont montré qu&#39;ils induisent des réponses immunitaires chez les patients mais le succès clinique a été limitée 1. Cela peut être dû en partie à l&#39;absence de consensus sur la façon de générer les PED optimale pour une utilisation immunothérapie des tumeurs. Bien qu&#39;il existe de nombreuses façons de générer des contrôleurs de qualité clinique, ces méthodes varient en fonction de l&#39;utilisation de cytokines utilisé...

<table border="1">
<tbody>
 <tr>
 <td fo:width="2in">Reagent/Supplies/Equipment</td>
 <td>Manufacturer</td>
 <td>Catalog No.</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>RPMI-1640 medium with L-glutamine</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>12-702F</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>1M HEPES buffered saline</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>17-737E</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>17-516F</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Human albumin, 25% solution USP</td>
 <td>Aventis Behring</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Ficoll-Hypaque PREMIUM</td>
 <td>GE Healthcare</td>
 <td>17-5442-03</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Human AB serum</td>
 <td>Valley Biomedical</td>
 <td>HP1022</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sterile saline USP</td>
 <td>Hospira</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>CryoMACS DMSO </td>
 <td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
 <td>170-076-303</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Leukine GM-CSF, 0.5 mg/ml</td>
 <td>Berlex</td>
 <td>A02266</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>MACS GMP IL-4</td>
 <td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
 <td>170-076-101</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hiltonol, Poly-ICLC, 2 mg/ml</td>
 <td>Oncovir</td>
 <td>NA</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>VACMUNE KLH</td>
 <td>Biosyn</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>225 sq cm EasyFlasks</td>
 <td>Nalgene Nunc</td>
 <td>159934</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Falcon 6-well tissue culture plates</td>
 <td>Becton Dickinson</td>
 <td>353046</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>1.8 ml CryoTube vials</td>
 <td>Nalgene Nunc</td>
 <td>377267</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Controlled Rate Freezer</td>
 <td>Thermo</td>
 <td>CryoMed</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

preparation of tumor antigen-loaded mature dendritic cells for immunotherapy

Bien que des études cliniques ont établi que les vaccins DC antigène chargées sont sûrs et thérapie prometteuse pour les tumeurs 1, leur efficacité clinique reste à établir. La méthode décrite ci-dessous, préparé conformément aux bonnes processus de fabrication (BPF) des lignes directrices, est une optimisation de la méthode de préparation ex vivo la plus courante pour générer un grand nombre de pays en développement pour les essais cliniques 2. Notre méthode utilise le TLR synthétique 3 agoniste POLYINOSINIQUE-polycytidylique Carboxymethylcellulose acide poly-L-lysine (Poly-ICLC) afin de stimuler les PED. Notre précédente étude a établi que Poly-ICLC est le stimulus de maturation individuelle la plus puissante pour les PED humains telle qu&#39;elle est évaluée par une régulation positive de CD83 et CD86, l&#39;induction de l&#39;interleukine-12 (IL-12), le facteur de nécrose tumorale (TNF), l&#39;interféron gamma induite Protéines 10 (IP-10), interleukmin 1 (IL-1), et interférons de type I (IFN) et l&#39;interleukine minimal 10 (IL-10) de production. </p&gt; PED sont différenciées à partir de cellules mononucléées du sang périphérique (CMSP surgelés) obtenues par cytaphérèse. PBMC sont isolées par gradient de Ficoll centrifugation et congelées en portions. Le Jour 1, CMSP sont décongelés et étalées sur des flacons de culture de tissus à choisir pour les monocytes qui adhèrent à la surface du plastique après 1-2 heures d&#39;incubation à 37 ° C dans l&#39;incubateur de culture tissulaire. Après incubation, les lymphocytes sont lavés et les monocytes adhérents sont cultivées pendant 5 jours en présence d&#39;interleukine 4 (IL-4) et granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) se différencier pour les CD immatures. Au jour 6, DC immatures sont puisées avec la patelle protéines trou de serrure (KLH), qui sert de contrôle pour la qualité du vaccin et peut stimuler l&#39;immunogénicité du vaccin 3. Les pays en développement sont encouragés à mûrir, chargées avec des antigènes peptidiques, et incubées pendant la nuit. Au jour 7, les cellules sont lavées, et congelés dans aliquotes de 1 ml contenant4 - 20 x 10 6 cellules en utilisant un congélateur à vitesse contrôlée. essai de libération du lot pour les lots des PED est effectuée et doit respecter les spécifications minimales avant d&#39;être injectés dans patients.

Entre 10 - 20% des CMSP départ se différencient en DC à la fin de la période de culture. CD matures sont CD11c +, CD14-, CD83 +, CD40 +, et CCR7 + (Figure 1). Ils expriment des niveaux élevés de molécules CMH de classe II et I et les molécules de co-stimulation CD80 et CD86. Poly-ICLC a également induit des niveaux inférieurs de PDL-1 par rapport à d&#39;autres agonistes TLR 14. En outre, ces Poly-IC-mûri PED sécrètent de grandes quantités d&#39;IL-12 (Figure 2...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy at JoVE.com

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

La méthode la plus couramment utilisée pour générer un grand nombre de cellules dendritiques autologues (CD) pour l&#39;utilisation dans l&#39;immunothérapie tumorale est décrite. La méthode utilise IL-4 et GM-CSF pour différencier les PED à partir de monocytes. Les DC immatures sont stimulées à maturité, puis chargé avec des antigènes avant qu&#39;ils ne soient réinjectées au patient.

Préparation de la tumeur cellules dendritiques matures antigène chargées pour l&#39;immunothérapie

While clinical studies have established that antigen-loaded DC vaccines are safe and promising therapy for tumors 1, their clinical efficacy remains to be ...

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