Name: preparation of tumor antigen-loaded mature dendritic cells for immunotherapy
Uploaded: 2013-08-01T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy at JoVE.com

Författarna vill tacka Andres Salazar (Oncovir, Inc.) för gåvan av Poly-ICLC.

Ett. Isolering och frysförvaring av PBMC 4 <ol><li> Aseptiskt spika en av accesspunkterna hamnar i leukaferes väskan med hjälp av en uppsättning plasma överföring. Med hjälp av en 60 ml spruta, överför leukaferes erhållits från patienter i en steril 500 ml flaska. </li><li> Justera volymen för leukaferes till 2x sin ursprungliga volym med RPMI rumstemperatur. Blanda väl. </li><li> Blanda försiktigt flaskan med Ficoll-Paque PLUS. Tillsätt 12 ml Ficoll-Paque PLUS i sterila 50 ml koniska rör. <...

<ol>
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Immunother. 25, 429-438 (2002).</li><li>Jonuleit, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pro-inflammatory+cytokines+and+prostaglandins+induce+maturation+of+potent+immunostimulatory+dendritic+cells+under+fetal+calf+serum-free+conditions.">Pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins induce maturation of potent immunostimulatory dendritic cells under fetal calf serum-free conditions.</a> Eur. J. Immunol. 27, 3135-3142 (1997).</li><li>Lee, A. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+clinical+grade+cocktail+of+cytokines+and+PGE2+results+in+uniform+maturation+of+human+monocyte-derived+dendritic+cells:+implications+for+immunotherapy.">A clinical grade cocktail of cytokines and PGE2 results in uniform maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells: implications for immunotherapy.</a> Vaccine. 20, A8-A22 (2002).</li><li>Bhardwaj, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Harnessing+the+immune+system+to+treat+cancer.">Harnessing the immune system to treat cancer.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 117, 1130-1136 (2007).</li><li>Gnjatic, S., Sawhney, N. 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Immunol. 15, 120-127 (2003).</li><li>Bogunovic, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=TLR4+engagement+during+TLR3-induced+proinflammatory+signaling+in+dendritic+cells+promotes+IL-10-mediated+suppression+of+antitumor+immunity.">TLR4 engagement during TLR3-induced proinflammatory signaling in dendritic cells promotes IL-10-mediated suppression of antitumor immunity.</a> Cancer Research. 71, 5467-5476 (2011).</li><li>Verdijk, R. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polyriboinosinic+polyribocytidylic+acid+(poly(I:C))+induces+stable+maturation+of+functionally+active+human+dendritic+cells.">Polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) induces stable maturation of functionally active human dendritic cells.</a> J. Immunol. 163, 57-61 (1999).</li><li>Rouas, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Poly(I:C)+used+for+human+dendritic+cell+maturation+preserves+their+ability+to+secondarily+secrete+bioactive+IL-12.">Poly(I:C) used for human dendritic cell maturation preserves their ability to secondarily secrete bioactive IL-12.</a> Int. Immunol. 16, 767-773 (2004).</li><li>Jongmans, W., Tiemessen, D. M., van Vlodrop, I. J., Mulders, P. F., Oosterwijk, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Th1-polarizing+capacity+of+clinical-grade+dendritic+cells+is+triggered+by+Ribomunyl+but+is+compromised+by+PGE2:+the+importance+of+maturation+cocktails.">Th1-polarizing capacity of clinical-grade dendritic cells is triggered by Ribomunyl but is compromised by PGE2: the importance of maturation cocktails.</a> J. Immunother. 28, 480-487 (2005).</li><li>Krause, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prostaglandin+E2+is+a+key+factor+for+monocyte-derived+dendritic+cell+maturation:+enhanced+T+cell+stimulatory+capacity+despite+IDO.">Prostaglandin E2 is a key factor for monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation: enhanced T cell stimulatory capacity despite IDO.</a> J. Leukoc. Biol. 82, 1106-1114 (2007).</li><li>Morelli, A. E., Thomson, A. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cells+under+the+spell+of+prostaglandins.">Dendritic cells under the spell of prostaglandins.</a> Trends Immunol. 24, 108-111 (2003).</li><li>Adams, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+cell+(DC)+based+therapy+for+cervical+cancer:+use+of+DC+pulsed+with+tumour+lysate+and+matured+with+a+novel+synthetic+clinically+non-toxic+double+stranded+RNA+analogue+poly+[I]:poly+[C(12)U]+(Ampligen+R).">Dendritic cell (DC) based therapy for cervical cancer: use of DC pulsed with tumour lysate and matured with a novel synthetic clinically non-toxic double stranded RNA analogue poly [I]:poly [C(12)U] (Ampligen R).</a> Vaccine. 21 (12), 787-790 (2003).</li><li>Colombo, M. P., Trinchieri, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin-12+in+anti-tumor+immunity+and+immunotherapy.">Interleukin-12 in anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy.</a> Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13, 155-168 (2002).</li><li>Mayordomo, J. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bone+marrow-derived+dendritic+cells+pulsed+with+synthetic+tumour+peptides+elicit+protective+and+therapeutic+antitumour+immunity.">Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells pulsed with synthetic tumour peptides elicit protective and therapeutic antitumour immunity.</a> Nat Med. 1, 1297-1302 (1995).</li><li>Dhodapkar, M. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+generation+of+broad+T-cell+immunity+in+humans+after+a+single+injection+of+mature+dendritic+cells.">Rapid generation of broad T-cell immunity in humans after a single injection of mature dendritic cells.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 104, 173-180 (1999).</li><li>Schuler-Thurner, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rapid+induction+of+tumor-specific+type+1+T+helper+cells+in+metastatic+melanoma+patients+by+vaccination+with+mature,+cryopreserved,+peptide-loaded+monocyte-derived+dendritic+cells.">Rapid induction of tumor-specific type 1 T helper cells in metastatic melanoma patients by vaccination with mature, cryopreserved, peptide-loaded monocyte-derived dendritic cells.</a> J. Exp. Med. 195, 1279-1288 (2002).</li></ol>

Fas I och II kliniska prövningar av monocythärledda DCs har visat att de inducerar immunsvar hos patienter men klinisk framgång har begränsats 1. Detta kan delvis bero på att det saknas enighet om hur man skapar de optimala DCs för tumör immunotherapeutic bruk. Även om det finns många sätt att generera klinisk-grade DCs, dessa metoder varierar i termer av användningen av cytokiner som används för att differentiera monocyter, stimuli som används för att inducera mognad, och metoder för antigen ...

<table border="1">
<tbody>
 <tr>
 <td fo:width="2in">Reagent/Supplies/Equipment</td>
 <td>Manufacturer</td>
 <td>Catalog No.</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>RPMI-1640 medium with L-glutamine</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>12-702F</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>1M HEPES buffered saline</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>17-737E</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)</td>
 <td>BioWhittaker</td>
 <td>17-516F</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Human albumin, 25% solution USP</td>
 <td>Aventis Behring</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Ficoll-Hypaque PREMIUM</td>
 <td>GE Healthcare</td>
 <td>17-5442-03</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Human AB serum</td>
 <td>Valley Biomedical</td>
 <td>HP1022</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sterile saline USP</td>
 <td>Hospira</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>CryoMACS DMSO </td>
 <td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
 <td>170-076-303</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Leukine GM-CSF, 0.5 mg/ml</td>
 <td>Berlex</td>
 <td>A02266</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>MACS GMP IL-4</td>
 <td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
 <td>170-076-101</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hiltonol, Poly-ICLC, 2 mg/ml</td>
 <td>Oncovir</td>
 <td>NA</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>VACMUNE KLH</td>
 <td>Biosyn</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>225 sq cm EasyFlasks</td>
 <td>Nalgene Nunc</td>
 <td>159934</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Falcon 6-well tissue culture plates</td>
 <td>Becton Dickinson</td>
 <td>353046</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>1.8 ml CryoTube vials</td>
 <td>Nalgene Nunc</td>
 <td>377267</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Controlled Rate Freezer</td>
 <td>Thermo</td>
 <td>CryoMed</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

preparation of tumor antigen-loaded mature dendritic cells for immunotherapy

Medan kliniska studier har visat att antigen-laddade DC vacciner är säkra och lovande terapi för tumörer 1, förblir deras kliniska effekt som skall fastställas. Metoden som beskrivs nedan, upprättats i enlighet med Good Manufacturing Process (GMP) riktlinjer, är en optimering av de vanligaste ex vivo förberedelse metod för att generera ett stort antal DCs för kliniska studier 2. Vår metod utnyttjar den syntetiska TLR 3 agonist Polyinosinic-polycytidylsyra Acid-poly-L-lysin Karboxymetylcellulosa (Poly-ICLC) för att stimulera utvecklingsländerna. Vår tidigare studie visat att Poly-ICLC är den mest potenta individuell mognad stimulans för mänskliga DCs som bedömt av en uppreglering av CD83 och CD86, induktion av interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumörnekrosfaktor (TNF), interferon-gamma-inducerad protein 10 (IP-10), interleukmin 1 (IL-1) och typ I interferoner (IFN), och minimal interleukin 10 (IL-10) produktion. </p&gt; Utvecklingsländerna är differentierade från frusna perifera mononukleära blodceller (PBMC) erhålls genom leukaferes. PBMC isoleras genom Ficoll gradientcentrifugering och frystes i alikvoter. Vid dygn 1, är PBMC tinades och plattades på vävnadsodlingskolvar för att selektera för monocyter som vidhäftar till plastytan efter 1-2 timmars inkubering vid 37 ° C i vävnadsodlingsinkubator. Efter inkubation lymfocyterna tvättas bort och de vidhäftande monocyterna odlas under 5 dagar i närvaro av interleukin-4 (IL-4) och granulocyt makrofag-kolonistimulerande faktor (GM-CSF) att differentiera till omogna DC. På dag 6, är omogna DC pulsade med keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-protein som fungerar som en kontroll för kvaliteten av vaccinet och kan öka immunogeniciteten hos vaccinet 3. DCS stimuleras att mogna, laddad med peptidantigener, och inkuberades över natten. På dag 7, tvättas cellerna, och frystes i alikvoter om 1 ml innehållande4-20 x 10 6 celler med användning av en kontrollerad-rate frys. Lot frisläppande för partier av DCs utförs och måste uppfylla minimikraven innan de injiceras i patienter.

Mellan 10 - 20% av utgångsmaterial PBMC differentieras till DC i slutet av kulturen period. Mogna DCs är CD11c +, CD14-, CD83 +, CD40 +, och CCR7 + (Figur 1). De uttrycker höga nivåer av MHC klass I-och Il-molekyler och molekylerna samstimulerande CD80 och CD86. Poly-ICLC inducerade också lägre nivåer av PDL-1 jämfört med andra TLR agonister 14. Dessutom dessa Poly-IC-mognat DCs utsöndrar stora mängder av IL-12 (figur 2 och 15,16) och inducerar prolifera...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy at JoVE.com

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Den vanligaste metoden för att generera ett stort antal autologa dendritiska celler (DC) för användning i tumörimmunterapi beskrives. Metoden använder IL-4 och GM-CSF att skilja DCs från monocyter. De omogna DC stimuleras att mogna och sedan lastas med antigener innan de injiceras tillbaka in i patienten.

Framställning av tumörantigen-laddade mogna dendritceller för Immunotherapy

While clinical studies have established that antigen-loaded DC vaccines are safe and promising therapy for tumors 1, their clinical efficacy remains to be ...

Research

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Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) is a widely used cancer immunotherapy for cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), operative in over 350 university ...