Name: extracellularly identifying motor neurons for a muscle motor pool in aplysia californica
Uploaded: 2013-03-25T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extracellularly Identifying Motor Neurons for a Muscle Motor Pool in Aplysia californica Video at JoVE.com

这项研究是由美国国立卫生研究院授予NS047073和国家科学基金会资助DMS1010434。

1。准备录音碟<ol><li>力传感器实验中，颊神经节，神经节，和颊质量被放置在一个圆形的高硼硅菜是专门为力研究。 </li><li>为了诱导摄食状花纹，在实验中，我们需要运用非水解胆碱能激动剂氨甲酰胆碱的神经节15。以避免直接接触到颊神经节和颊质量由氯化氨甲酰胆碱，单独的腔室所需的隔离颊神经节的神经节和颊质量（ 图1）。 </li><li>由于颊质量远厚于颊神经节，它们...

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典型的做法是在动物与大确定的神经元，如软体动物（例如， 椎实螺 ， 螺旋 ，和海兔 ），分析电机池使用细胞内记录1,2,3,4。在这个协议中，我们描述了一个过程，用于唯一地识别用于电动机的运动神经元池使用一种细胞外的技术。作为一个例子，这个过程中，我们使用的测力。也可以使用肌电图测量肌肉的神经支配。简要地说，这样做的，该协议附加钩电极I1/I3肌...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 目录编号 </td><td> 评论 </td></tr><tr><td>氯化钠</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> S671 </td><td>生物，认证</td></tr><tr><td>氯化钾</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> P217 </td><td>认证ACS </td></tr><tr><td>氯化镁六水合物</td><td> Acros Organics公司</td><td> 19753 </td><td> 99％ </td></tr><tr><td>七水硫酸镁</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> M63 </td><td>认证ACS </td></tr><tr><td>二水氯化钙</td><td>费舍尔Scientifc </td><td> C79 </td><td>认证ACS </td></tr><tr><td>葡萄糖（右旋糖） </td><td> Sigma-Aldrich公司</td><td> G7528 </td><td> BioXtra </td></tr><tr><td> MOPS buffeŕ </td><td> Acros Organics公司</td><td> 17263 </td><td> 99％ </td></tr><tr><td>卡巴胆碱</td><td> Acros Organics公司</td><td> 10824 </td><td> 99％ </td></tr><tr><td>氢氧化钠</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> SS255 </td><td>认证</td></tr><tr><td>盐酸</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> SA49 </td><td>认证</td></tr><tr><td>单管毛细管玻璃</td><td> AM系统</td><td> 6150 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>火焰山 - 布朗微量移液器车夫模型P-80/PC </td><td>萨特仪器</td><td></td><td>灯丝用的：FT345B </td></tr><tr><td>搪瓷涂层的不锈钢丝</td><td>加州细线</td><td></td><td> 0.001D，涂料H </td></tr><tr><td>家用硅II胶</td><td>通用电器</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>杜罗快速凝胶强力胶</td&gt; <td>汉高公司。 </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>系统模型1700放大器</td><td> AM系统</td><td></td><td>过滤器设置：10-500赫兹的I2神经/肌肉300-500赫兹的所有其他神经</td></tr><tr><td> Pulsemaster多通道刺激</td><td>世界精密仪器</td><td> A300 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>刺激隔离器</td><td>世界精密仪器</td><td> A360 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> AxoGraph X </td><td> AxoGraph科学</td><td></td><td>录音软件</td></tr><tr><td>金连接器引脚</td><td> BULGIN </td><td> SA3148 / 1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>黄金的连接插座</td><td> BULGIN </td><td> SA3149 / 1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Sylgard的184有机硅弹性体</td><td>道康宁</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 100 x 15毫米Crystalizing的菜</td><td>高硼硅</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>高真空润滑脂</td><td>道康宁</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>枪头</td><td> Fisher Scientific则</td><td> 21-375D </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Minutien销</td><td>精细科学工具</td><td> 26002-10 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>橡皮泥</td><td>萨金特艺术</td><td> 22-4400 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>护舒宝充气泵</td><td>利</td><td> 77849 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>水族馆管</td><td> EHEIM </td><td> 7783 </td><td> 12/16毫米</td></tr><tr><td>精英AIRSTONE </td><td>哈根</td><td> A962 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Vannas春风似剪刀</td><td>精细科学工具</td><td> 15000-08 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>杜蒙＃5精细镊子</td><td>精细SciencE工具</td><td> 11254-20 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Kimwipes </td><td> Kimberly-Clark公司</td><td> 34155 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

extracellularly identifying motor neurons for a muscle motor pool in aplysia californica

在动物与大确定的神经元（ 例如软体动物），分析电机池在使用细胞内的技术1,2,3,4。最近，我们开发了一种技术，细胞外刺激，记录单个神经元在海兔夜蛾 5。现在我们描述了使用这种技术来唯一地识别和表征运动神经元内的电机池的协议。 此外技术方面具有优势。首先，细胞外电极可以刺激并记录神经元通过鞘5，所以，它并不需要被删除。因此，神经元将健康的细胞外实验，在细胞内的。其次，如果神经节是由适当的钉扎的鞘的旋转，外电极可以访问神经元的神经节上的两侧，这使得它更容易和更有效地识别多个神经元中的相同的制备。三，extracellu拉尔电极不需要穿透细胞，从而可以很容易地来回移动，神经元之间，他们造成损伤少。这是非常有用的，当一个人试图记录多个神经元在重复的运动模式，可能只持续几分钟。四，外电极是在肌肉运动更灵活，比细胞内的。细胞内的电极可以拉出来，破坏肌肉收缩的神经元。相反，由于外电极被轻轻地按压到上述鞘神经元，它们通常留上面相同的神经元在肌肉的收缩，因此可以用在更完整制剂。 为了唯一地识别的用于电动机池（尤其是，I1/I3在海兔肌肉）使用细胞外电极的运动神经元，一个可以使用的功能，不需要标准：细胞内测量胞体的大小和位置，轴突投射，和肌肉的神经支配4[6,7]。对于使用特定电机池来说明的技术，我们记录从颊神经测量轴突突起2和3，并测定I1/I3肌肉的收缩力的确定的图案为个别的运动神经元的肌肉的神经支配。 我们证明首先确定运动神经元肌肉神经支配的完整过程，然后描述他们的时间在运动模式，创建一个简单的诊断方法快速鉴定。简化的和更快速的诊断方法是优越的更完整的准备工作， 例如 ，在暂停的的口腔大量制备8 或 9 体内 。这个过程也可以被应用于其它电机池10,11,12在海兔或其他动物系统中2,3,13,14。

图4和图5结果显示了典型的用于识别两个I1/I3运动神经元。期间egestive等和摄食状的图案（ 图4C，4D），图4示出了一个大的运动神经元，B3，苏摩录音。一个一个对应的尖峰上的SOMA通道和同侧的BN2通道（ 图4E）的特异性的B3 SOMA记录的过程中保持模式。 B3火灾过程中的中，后期的收缩阶段的模式。从图4和其他的结果（图中未示出）中，...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extracellularly Identifying Motor Neurons for a Muscle Motor Pool in Aplysia californica Video at JoVE.com

Extracellularly Identifying Motor Neurons for a Muscle Motor Pool in Aplysia californica Video (Video) | JoVE

在大确定的神经元（动物<em&gt;例如，</em&gt;软体动物），分析细胞内的技术是通过使用电机池<sup&gt; 1,2,3,4</sup&gt;。最近，我们开发出一种技术，细胞外刺激和记录单个神经元<em&gt;海兔夜蛾</em<sup&gt;</sup&gt;。现在我们描述了使用这种技术来唯一地识别和表征运动神经元内的电机池的协议。

运动神经元细胞外识别的肌肉运动游泳池<em&gt;海兔夜蛾</em

In animals with large  identified neurons (e.g. mollusks), analysis of motor pools is done using  intracellular techniques1,2,3,4. Recently,  we developed ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Extracellularly Identifying Motor Neurons for a Muscle Motor Pool in Aplysia californica

Paired Patch Clamp Recordings from Motor-neuron and Target Skeletal Muscle in Zebrafish

Paired Patch Clamp Recordings from Motor-neuron and Target Skeletal Muscle in Zebrafish Video (Video) | JoVE

配对补丁钳从电机神经元和斑马鱼的目标骨骼肌

Larval zebrafish represent the first vertebrate model system to allow simultaneous patch clamp recording from a spinal motor-neuron and target muscle.  ...

科研

神经科学

Live-imaging of PKC Translocation in Sf9 Cells and in Aplysia Sensory Neurons

Live-imaging of PKC Translocation in Sf9 Cells and in Aplysia Sensory Neurons Video (Video) | JoVE

在Sf9细胞，并在海兔感觉神经元PKC移位实时成像

Protein kinase Cs (PKCs) are serine threonine kinases that play a central role in regulating a wide variety of cellular processes such as cell growth and ...

Quantitative Analysis of Synaptic Vesicle Pool Replenishment in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons using FM Dyes

Quantitative Analysis of Synaptic Vesicle Pool Replenishment in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons using FM Dyes Video (Video) | JoVE

使用调频染料培养的小脑颗粒神经突触小泡池补充的定量分析

After neurotransmitter release in central nerve terminals, SVs are rapidly retrieved by endocytosis.  Retrieved SVs are then refilled with ...

An In Vitro Preparation for Eliciting and Recording Feeding Motor Programs with Physiological Movements in Aplysia californica

An In Vitro Preparation for Eliciting and Recording Feeding Motor Programs with Physiological Movements in Aplysia californica Video (Video) | JoVE

一个<em在体外</em制备与生理变动，为激发和记录进给电机程序<em&gt;海兔夜蛾</em

Multifunctionality, the ability of one peripheral  structure to generate multiple, distinct behaviors1, allows animals  to rapidly adapt their behaviors ...

Isolation of Sensory Neurons of Aplysia californica for Patch Clamp Recordings of Glutamatergic Currents

Isolation of Sensory Neurons of Aplysia californica for Patch Clamp Recordings of Glutamatergic Currents Video (Video) | JoVE

隔离的感觉神经元中<em&gt;海兔丫</em谷氨酸能电流膜片钳记录

The marine gastropod mollusk Aplysia californica has a venerable  history as a model of nervous system function, with particular significance in  studies ...

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons Video (Video) | JoVE

隔膜的神经支配膈运动神经元的功能和形态评估

This protocol specifically focuses on tools for assessing phrenic motor neuron (PhMN) innervation of the diaphragm at both the electrophysiological and ...

Intramuscular Injections Along the Motor End Plates: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Shuttle Tracers Directly into Motor Neurons

Intramuscular Injections Along the Motor End Plates: A Minimally Invasive Approach to Shuttle Tracers Directly into Motor Neurons Video (Video) | JoVE

肌肉注射沿运动终板：微创方法来接送示踪剂直接为运动神经元

Diseases affecting the integrity of spinal cord motor neurons are amongst the most debilitating neurological conditions. Over the last decades, the ...

Why Quantification Matters: Characterization of Phenotypes at the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction

Why Quantification Matters: Characterization of Phenotypes at the Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction Video (Video) | JoVE

为什么量化事项：表型的表征在<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;幼虫神经肌肉接头

Most studies on morphogenesis rely on qualitative descriptions of how anatomical traits are affected by the disruption of specific genes and genetic ...

Retrograde Neuroanatomical Tracing of Phrenic Motor Neurons in Mice

Retrograde Neuroanatomical Tracing of Phrenic Motor Neurons in Mice Video (Video) | JoVE

小鼠膈运动神经元逆行神经解剖学追踪的研究

Phrenic motor neurons are cervical motor neurons originating from C3 to C6 levels in most mammalian species. Axonal projections converge into phrenic ...

A Minimally Invasive Lesion Technique for Muscles Intrinsic to the Odontophore of Aplysia californica

A Minimally Invasive Lesion Technique for Muscles Intrinsic to the Odontophore of Aplysia californica Video (Video) | JoVE

阿普利西亚的奥多托福雷内在肌肉的微创病变技术

Aplysia californica is a model system for studying the neural control of learning and behavior. This animal has a semi-open circulatory system, making it ...