Name: construction of a preclinical multimodality phantom using tissue-mimicking materials for quality assurance in tumor size measurement
Uploaded: 2013-07-29T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction of a Preclinical Multimodality Phantom Using Tissue-mimicking Materials for Quality Assurance in Tumor Size Measurement at JoVE.com

作者感谢马德森博士在大学，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校和CRISTEL梅雨在Gammex Inc TM材料上提供意见。马尔科姆·大卫·穆雷博士也感谢作者提供的方法来构造的幻影。

1。幻影设计的潜伏期的多模态的一个画图虚线示出在图1 7，8。假体的大小是直径为38毫米和115毫米的长度，以允许在各种动物扫描器扫描的幻像。幻象包含五个肿瘤的模拟试验对象放置在虚线内的深度为10毫米（直径：14，10，7，4和2毫米）。 2。模具硅胶建设硅胶模具，准备在本节7投肿瘤模拟试验对象。?...

<ol>
	<li>Prasad, S. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CT+tumor+measurement+for+therapeutic+response+assessment:+Comparison+of+unidimensional,+bidimensional,+and+volumetric+techniques-Initial+observations.">CT tumor measurement for therapeutic response assessment: Comparison of unidimensional, bidimensional, and volumetric techniques-Initial observations.</a> Radiology. 225 (2), 416-419 (2002).</li><li>Cortes, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+unidimensional+and+bidimensional+measurement+in+metastatic+non-small+cell+lung+cancer.">Comparison of unidimensional and bidimensional measurement in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.</a> Br. J. Cancer. 87 (2), 158-160 (2002).</li><li>Saini, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Radiologic+measurement+of+tumor+size+in+clinical+trials:+past,+present,+and+future.">Radiologic measurement of tumor size in clinical trials: past, present, and future.</a> AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 176 (2), 333-334 (2001).</li><li>Suzuki, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Radiologic+measurements+of+tumor+response+to+treatment:+practical+approaches+and+limitations.">Radiologic measurements of tumor response to treatment: practical approaches and limitations.</a> Radiographics. 28 (2), 329-344 (2008).</li><li>Therasse, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=RECIST+revisited:+A+review+of+validation+studies+on+tumour+assessment.">RECIST revisited: A review of validation studies on tumour assessment.</a> Eur. J. Cancer. 42 (8), 1031-1039 (2006).</li><li>O'Connor, P. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+imaging+biomarkers+in+the+clinical+development+of+targeted+therapeutics:+current+and+future+perspectives.">Quantitative imaging biomarkers in the clinical development of targeted therapeutics: current and future perspectives.</a> Lancet Oncol. 9 (8), 766-776 (2008).</li><li>Lee, Y. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preclinical+multimodality+phantom+design+for+quality+assurance+of+tumor+size+measurement.">Preclinical multimodality phantom design for quality assurance of tumor size measurement.</a> BMC Med. Phys. 11 (1), (2011).</li><li>Lee, Y. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=QA+procedures+for+multimodality+preclinical+tumor+drug+response+testing.">QA procedures for multimodality preclinical tumor drug response testing.</a> Med. Phys. 37 (9), 4806-4816 (2010).</li><li>Park, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Measuring+response+in+solid+tumors:+comparison+of+RECIST+and+WHO+response+criteria.">Measuring response in solid tumors: comparison of RECIST and WHO response criteria.</a> Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 33 (10), 533-537 (2003).</li><li>Eisenhauer, E. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+response+evaluation+criteria+in+solid+tumors:+revised+RECIST+guideline+(version+1.1).">New response evaluation criteria in solid tumors: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1).</a> Eur. J. Cancer. 45 (2), 228-247 (2009).</li><li>D'Souza, W. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+mimicking+materials+for+a+multi-imaging+modality+prostate+phantom.">Tissue mimicking materials for a multi-imaging modality prostate phantom.</a> Med. Phys. 28 (4), 688-700 (2001).</li><li>Mitchell, M. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Agarose+as+a+tissue+equivalent+phantom+material+for+NMR+images.">Agarose as a tissue equivalent phantom material for NMR images.</a> Magn. Reson. Imaging. 4 (3), 263-266 (1986).</li></ol>

这篇文章的目的是TM材料的多模态成像和构建潜伏期的多模态幻影作为QA工具准确测量肿瘤的大小，用不同的方式在多个机构提供的方法。正如前面所提到的，TM材料最初被开发为多幻影成像模态前列腺在威斯康星州麦迪逊大学的由欧内斯特·L.·马德森博士的实验室。我们修改Madsen的博士的我们自己的目的TM材料协议，以便有足够的测试对象和背景之间的对比度，并代表在美国，CT和MR图像的软组织?...

<html>评估肿瘤大小的变化是一个重要的评价抗肿瘤的药物中的活性肿瘤收缩率和疾病的进展9，10的端点。世界卫生组织（WHO）和固体肿瘤疗效评价标准（RECIST）评估肿瘤病变的解剖成像方式，如超声（US），计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）的编纂方法。 WHO标准，计算肿瘤的最大直径和最大垂直直径为目标区域在横向平面的商品4。 RECIST标准，与此相反，在横向平面的最长直径为有限数目的目标病变的总和来计算。尽管在肿瘤的治疗反应评估的兴趣不断增长，一直没有潜伏期的质量保证（QA）幻影/成像生物标志物的质量保证程序。 内容“考虑到肿瘤的尺寸测量，根据世界卫生组织的标准和/或RECIST成像生物标志物是唯一的，由美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准，任何其他成像生物标志物，李某等人的QA作为一个起点。设计和构造UTHSCSA / Gammex马克和马克合作与公司Gammex 7测量肿瘤大小为QA幻影。马克1，一个美国商业Gammex的幻象，幻象的修订版，因此，尺寸过大，以适应动物CT和MR扫描仪。也有一些工具在马克1幻象是不必要的肿瘤大小测量马克2幻像基础上，的RECIST这是最近期FDA批准的成像生物标志物的设计，然而，马克2幻像的大小MR扫描仪，CT和MR图像质量的幻影仍然过大，是不能接受的准确测量肿瘤大小7。 QA幻像形容他收服重新设计以克服以前的幻影和使用修改组织模仿（TM）材料，在我们的实验室开发的协议。本文描述了细节协议虚线建设：首先，制备用于浇铸肿瘤模拟测试对象所需的模具硅胶用于组装旋转体旋转，以防止一个幻象引力沉降方法进行介绍。其次，协议，准备修改D&#39;Souza 等人的“美国，CT和磁共振成像TM材料描述11。的TM材料的物理性能进行了测试，以确保在每一种模式中，TM材料为代表的各种方式获得的图像中所观察到的人体软组织，但结果是这里没有显示。第三，虚线建设的协议进行说明。最后，美国，CT和MR图像的幻影结果。

<table border="1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Reagent/Material</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PVC pipe</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Home Depot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bolt, nut, washer and metal plates</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Home Depot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acrylic plates and rods</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Plastic supply in San Antonio, TX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steel balls</td>
			<td>Nordex, Inc.</td>
			<td>AEC-M2-2, -4, -7, -10 and -14</td>
			<td>2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 mm diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C-clamps</td>
			<td>Adjustable Clamp</td>
			<td>1420-C</td>
			<td>2 inch length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Masking tape</td>
			<td>3M Industrial Adhesives and Tapes</td>
			<td>2600</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Duct tape</td>
			<td>3M Industrial Adhesives and Tapes</td>
			<td>S-3763SIL</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>J-B KWIK</td>
			<td>J-B WELD Co.</td>
			<td>380238</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3M Scotch-Weld Epoxy Adhesive</td>
			<td>3M Industrial Adhesives and Tapes</td>
			<td>DP-100</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone grease</td>
			<td>Permatex, Inc.</td>
			<td>22058</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone glue</td>
			<td>DAP, Inc.</td>
			<td>688</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone rubber compound</td>
			<td>Smooth-ON, Inc.</td>
			<td>Smooth-SilTM950 Part A and B</td>
			<td>A:B mix ratio = 10:1 by weight</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Brush</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Hobby Lobby</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td>309604</td>
			<td>10 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td>305156</td>
			<td>22-gauge 1.5 inch length</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Funnel</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mesh filters</td>
			<td>Small parts, Inc.</td>
			<td>CMN-0010-C and CMN-0020-C</td>
			<td>10 and 20 &mu;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Whole milk</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>HEB in San Antonio, TX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thimerosal</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>T5125</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Propanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>33538</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EDTA</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>431788</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CuCl2</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>459097</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agarose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>A0169</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BaSO4</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich Co.</td>
			<td>B8675</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass beads</td>
			<td>Potters Industries, Inc.</td>
			<td>3000E</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PET/AL/LLDPE*</td>
			<td>Pechiney Plastic Packaging, Inc.</td>
			<td>Pechiney Spec 151</td>
			<td>Phantom cover material</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>*Polyethylene terephthalate/aluminum/linear low density polyethylene</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Equipment</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotisserie motor</td>
			<td>Brinkmann</td>
			<td>812-7103-S</td>
			<td>Home Depot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water bath 1</td>
			<td>Precision, Inc.</td>
			<td>Model: 282, Serial #: 601091552</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water bath 2</td>
			<td>VWR, Inc.</td>
			<td>Model: 1212, Serial #: 08119606</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound</td>
			<td>Visualsonics</td>
			<td>Serial #: 770/120-259</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CT</td>
			<td>Gamma Medica-Ideas</td>
			<td>Serial #: GR 0050</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MRI</td>
			<td>Bruker</td>
			<td>Part #: W3301390, Serial #: 0030</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

construction of a preclinical multimodality phantom using tissue-mimicking materials for quality assurance in tumor size measurement

工作组倡导标准化标准分别为实体瘤的影像学评估，在抗肿瘤的药物治疗，在20世纪80年代和90年代，世界卫生组织（WHO）和实体瘤疗效评价标准（RECIST）。 WHO标准测量实体肿瘤的两维，，而RECIST测量使用只有一个尺寸，被认为是更具有可重复性1，2，3,4,5。这些标准已被广泛地用于成像的生物标志物作为唯一的，经美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）的6。为了测量肿瘤的抗肿瘤药物的反应，准确的图像，因此，需要健全的质量保证（QA）的程序和相应的QA虚线。 为了满足这一需求，构建一个潜伏期的多模态（超声（US），计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI））幻象组织模仿（TM）材料的基础上数量有限的靶病变RECIST需要修改美国一个Gammex的商业幻象7。 Lee 等人的附录演示程序的幻像制作7。在本文中，所有的协议都在一步一步地开始准备的硅胶模具铸造肿瘤模拟试验对象在幻象，准备TM材料的多模态成像程序引入，终于建设临床前的多模态QA幻像。本文的主要目的是提供协议允许任何人感兴趣独立构建自己的项目幻象。肿瘤大小测量的质量保证程序，RECIST，世界卫生组织和体积测量结果，测试对象在多个机构，使用这样的QA虚线的详细示出在Lee 等人8。

图3和图5示出两个有机硅模具铸造试验对象，与多模态虚线分别。长×宽×每个模具的深度为109毫米×37毫米×21毫米和两个模具是相同的镜像对称。一模有1毫米的小孔，可以使用细针插入TM材料。每个模具有一个额外的五孔对齐棒。长×宽×深度的幻影是115毫米×38毫米×24毫米，其初始质量101.02克。假体的大小是足够的，以适应临床前的扫描仪。 收购。U...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Construction of a Preclinical Multimodality Phantom Using Tissue-mimicking Materials for Quality Assurance in Tumor Size Measurement at JoVE.com

Construction of a Preclinical Multimodality Phantom Using Tissue-mimicking Materials for Quality Assurance in Tumor Size Measurement

本文介绍了内部程序构建一个潜伏期多模态影像（TM）质量保证（QA）肿瘤大小测量动物的成像方式，如超声（US），计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁材料制成的组织模仿磁共振成像（MRI）。

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