Name: a caenorhabditis elegans model system for amylopathy study
Uploaded: 2013-05-17T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Caenorhabditis elegans Model System for Amylopathy Study at JoVE.com

<p class="jove_content"&gt; Vi takker Dr. Shuang Liu for kritisk lesing av manuskriptet. Den PCL12 konstruksjonen var en gave skjema Dr. Christopher D. Link. Dette arbeidet ble støttet av to National Science Foundation tilskudd (0842708 og 1026958) og en AHA stipend (09GRNT2250529) til FS.</p

En. Bygging av transgene Worms <ol><li> Transformasjon. <ol><li> Forbered injeksjon pads. Plasser en dråpe varm, 2% agarose oppløst i vann, på en glass dekkglass. Raskt plassere en andre dekkglass på slipp og lett trykk på det. Etter at agarosen er størknet, slide dekkglass fra hverandre, og bake dekkglass-matte i en vakuumovn ved 80 ° CO / N. </li><li> Trekk pipetter. Vi bruker en Sutter P-97 avtrekker for å trekke 1/0.5 mm OD / ID borosilikat kapillærer med glødetråd. Pipetter er smidd med lukket tips som...

<ol>
	<li>Hardy, J., Allsop, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amyloid+deposition+as+the+central+event+in+the+aetiology+of+Alzheimer's+disease.">Amyloid deposition as the central event in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease.</a> Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 12 (10), 383-388 (1991).</li><li>Kotzbauer, P. T., Trojanowsk, J. Q., Lee, V. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lewy+body+pathology+in+Alzheimer's+disease.">Lewy body pathology in Alzheimer's disease.</a> Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 17 (2), 225-232 (2001).</li><li>Greenberg, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inclusion+body+myositis:+review+of+recent+literature.">Inclusion body myositis: review of recent literature.</a> Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 9 (1), 83-89 (2009).</li><li>Revesz, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sporadic+and+familial+cerebral+amyloid+angiopathies.">Sporadic and familial cerebral amyloid angiopathies.</a> Brain Pathology. 12 (3), 343-357 (2002).</li><li>Hartmann, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distinct+sites+of+intracellular+production+for+Alzheimer's+disease+A+beta40/42+amyloid+peptides.">Distinct sites of intracellular production for Alzheimer's disease A beta40/42 amyloid peptides.</a> Nature Medicine. 3 (9), 1016-1020 (1997).</li><li>Ohnishi, S., Takano, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amyloid+fibrils+from+the+viewpoint+of+protein+folding.">Amyloid fibrils from the viewpoint of protein folding.</a> Cellular and Molecular Life sciences: CMLS. 61 (5), 511-524 (2004).</li><li>DL, R. i. d. d. l. e., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=C.+elegans+II.">C. elegans II.</a> Cold Spring Harbor Monograph. 1, 1222 (1997).</li><li>Cotella, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toxic+role+of+k++channel+oxidation+in+Mammalian+brain.">Toxic role of k+ channel oxidation in Mammalian brain.</a> The Journal of Neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 32 (12), 4133-4144 (2012).</li><li>Link, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+human+beta-amyloid+peptide+in+transgenic+Caenorhabditis+elegans.">Expression of human beta-amyloid peptide in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (20), 9368-9372 (1995).</li><li>Cai, S. Q., Sesti, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxidation+of+a+potassium+channel+causes+progressive+sensory+function+loss+during+aging.">Oxidation of a potassium channel causes progressive sensory function loss during aging.</a> Nature Neuroscience. 12 (5), 611-617 (2009).</li><li>Yu, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Guanylyl+cyclase+expression+in+specific+sensory+neurons:+a+new+family+of+chemosensory+receptors.">Guanylyl cyclase expression in specific sensory neurons: a new family of chemosensory receptors.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 3384-3387 (1997).</li><li>Bargmann, C. I., Horvitz, H. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemosensory+neurons+with+overlapping+functions+direct+chemotaxis+to+multiple+chemicals+in+C.+elegans.">Chemosensory neurons with overlapping functions direct chemotaxis to multiple chemicals in C. elegans.</a> Neuron. 7 (5), 729-742 (1991).</li><li>Caserta, T. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Q-VD-OPh,+a+broad+spectrum+caspase+inhibitor+with+potent+antiapoptotic+properties.">Q-VD-OPh, a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor with potent antiapoptotic properties.</a> Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death. 8 (4), 345-352 (2003).</li><li>Christensen, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+primary+culture+system+for+functional+analysis+of+C.+elegans+neurons+and+muscle+cells.">A primary culture system for functional analysis of C. elegans neurons and muscle cells.</a> Neuron. 33 (4), 503-514 (2002).</li></ol>

Her beskriver vi en kombinert tilnærming, for å studere cellulære og molekylære aspekter av amylopathies hjelp C. elegans. Fordelene ved denne metode er: 1). Lav kostnad C.elegans opprettholdes i normal petriskål podet med bakterier, ved romtemperatur. 2) Kraftige genetikk. Transgene dyr kan bli oppnådd i få måneder, og et bredt utvalg av promotor-sekvenser er tilgjengelig for å drive ekspresjon av det ønskede gen i bestemte nerveceller. 3) Enkle, godt karakterisert, nervesystemet. C. ele...

Amyloid beta (Aβ) er et peptid med 36-43 aminosyrer som er dannet etter sekvensiell spalting av amyloid forløper protein (APP) med β og γ secretases en. Den γ sekretaselignende behandler den C-terminale ende av peptidet Aβ og er ansvarlig for dets variable lengder 5. De vanligste formene for Aβ er Aβ 40 og Aβ 42, sistnevnte blir oftere assosiert til patologiske tilstander som AD fem. Ved høye konsentrasjoner Aβ danner β-ark som samlet for å danne amyloid fibriller seks. Fibriller innskudd er den viktigste komponenten i senile plakk rundt nerveceller. Begge plaketter og diffusible, ikke-plakk Aβ oligomers, antas å utgjøre de underliggende sykdomsfremkallende former for Aβ. Laboratory studie av neuronal amylopathies er komplisert ved det faktum at disse forholdene fremgang med tiden. Derfor er det important å utvikle genetisk medgjørlig dyremodeller-komplementær til mus-med kort levetid. Disse modellene kan brukes til å belyse spesifikke aspekter ved amylopathies-typisk cellulært og molekylært-og i kraft av sin enkelhet, bidra til å fange essensen av problemet. Ormen Caenorhabditis elegans fall er denne kategorien. Den har en kort levetid, ~ 20 dager og i tillegg grunnleggende cellulære prosesser, inkludert regulering av genekspresjon, protein trafficking, neuronal tilkobling, synaptogenesis, celle signalisering og død er lik pattedyr 7. Unike trekk ved orm omfatter kraftige genetikk og mangel på et fartøy system, som gjør det mulig å studere neuronal skade uavhengig av vaskulær skade. På den annen side begrenser mangelen på et hjerne bruk av C. elegans til å studere mange sider av neurodegeneration. I tillegg kan den reproduksjon og identifisering av anatomiske fordelinger av lesjonene ikke utføres i denne organisme. Andre rettningslinjersjoner inkluderer problemer med å vurdere både forskjeller i genekspresjonsprofiler og nedskrivning av kompleks atferd og minnefunksjon. Her beskriver vi metoder for å generere C. elegans modeller av amylopathies.

<table border="1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Name of Reagent</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>1. NGM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S5886</td>
			<td>3 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bacteriological agar</td>
			<td>AMRESCO</td>
			<td>J637</td>
			<td>17 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bacto-peptone</td>
			<td>AMRESCO</td>
			<td>J636</td>
			<td>2.5 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Distilled Water</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Bring to 975 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Sterilized by autoclaving, then add the following items and mix well</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M2643</td>
			<td>1 ml of 1 M stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Calcium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C5670</td>
			<td>1 ml of 1 M stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cholesterol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C3045</td>
			<td>1 ml of 5 mg/ml stock( in ethanol)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate buffer</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>25 ml of 1M stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>2. Potassium phosphate buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate monobasic</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5655</td>
			<td>108.3 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate dibasic</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P3786</td>
			<td>35.6 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Distilled Water</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Bring to 1 L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Sterilized by autoclaving</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>3. M9 buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate monobasic</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5655</td>
			<td>3 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium phosphate dibasic</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S5136</td>
			<td>6 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S5886</td>
			<td>5 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M2643</td>
			<td>1 ml of 1 M stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Distilled Water</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Bring to 1 L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Sterilized by autoclaving</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>4. Egg buffer (pH 7.3, 340 mOsm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S5886</td>
			<td>118 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5405</td>
			<td>48 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Calcium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C5670</td>
			<td>2 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium Chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M4880</td>
			<td>2 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP310</td>
			<td>25 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Distilled Water</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Bring to 1 L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Sterilized by autoclaving</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>5. CM-15</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-15 culture medium</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>11415</td>
			<td>450 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>10437-028</td>
			<td>50 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15140</td>
			<td>50 units/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15140</td>
			<td>50 g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>Adjust to 340 mOsm with sucrose then sterile filter into autoclaved bottles and store at 4 &deg;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
			<td>6. Other Reagents</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halocarbon 700 oil</td>
			<td>Halocarbon Products</td>
			<td>9002-83-9</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 &mu;m Acrodisc Syringe Filter</td>
			<td>PALL Co.</td>
			<td>4199</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chitinase</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C6137-5UN</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lectin (peanut)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>L0881-10MG</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S320</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lysine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>L5501</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biotin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>B4639</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium hypochlorite solution</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>425044</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium azide</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>71289</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sucrose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S0389</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a caenorhabditis elegans model system for amylopathy study

Amylopathy er et begrep som beskriver unormal syntese og akkumulering av amyloid beta (Aβ) i vev med tiden. Aβ er et kjennetegn på Alzheimers sykdom (AD) og finnes i Lewy legeme demens, inkludering kropp myositt og cerebral amyloid angiopathy 1-4. Amylopathies gradvis utvikle seg med tiden. Av denne grunn enkle organismer med korte livsløp kan bidra til å belyse molekylære aspekter av disse forholdene. Her beskriver vi eksperimentelle protokoller for å studere Aβ-mediert neurodegeneration hjelp ormen Caenorhabditis elegans. Dermed konstruerer vi transgene ormer ved å injisere DNA koder for human Aβ 42 inn i syncytial gonader av voksne hermafroditter. Transformant linjer er stabilisert av en mutagenese-indusert integrering. Nematoder er alder synkronisert ved å samle og såing sine egg. Funksjonen av nevroner uttrykker Aβ 42 er testet i beleilige atferds-analyser (kjemotaksis analysene). Primære nevrale kulturer hentet fra embryoer blir brukt til å utfylle atferdsmessige data og for å teste de nervecellene effekter av anti-apoptotiske forbindelser.

Med våre protokoller studerer vi effekter av menneskelig Aβ 42 oligomeren på nervecellefunksjon åtte. Et fragment koding menneskelig Aβ 42 og den kunstige signal peptid kodende sekvens av Brann vektor pPD50.52 ble forsterket fra konstruksjon PCL12 ni bruke primere som introduserte en Sma en restriksjonsendonuklease nettsted på endene. Fragmentet ble deretter satt inn i en konstruksjon som inneholder et 2481-bp FLP-6 promotersekvens i pPD95.75 Brann vektoren mell...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Caenorhabditis elegans Model System for Amylopathy Study at JoVE.com

A Caenorhabditis elegans Model System for Amylopathy Study

Vi beskriver metoder for å studere aspekter av amylopathies i ormen<em&gt; C. elegans</em&gt;. Vi viser hvordan du kan lage ormer uttrykker menneskelig Aβ<sub&gt; 42</sub&gt; I nevroner og hvordan du kan teste deres funksjon i atferdsmessige analyser. Vi viser videre hvordan man skal oppnå primære nevronale kulturer som kan brukes for farmakologisk testing.

En<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em&gt; Modell System for Amylopathy Study

Amylopathy is a term that describes abnormal synthesis and accumulation of amyloid beta (A&beta;) in tissues with time. A&beta; is a hallmark of ...

Research

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Neuroscience

A Caenorhabditis elegans Model System for Amylopathy Study

Assaying &beta;-amyloid Toxicity using a Transgenic C. elegans Model

Assaying ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â²-amyloid Toxicity using a Transgenic C. elegans Model

Accumulation of the &beta;-amyloid peptide (A&beta;) is generally believed to be central to the induction of Alzheimer's disease, but the relevant ...

Methods for Studying the Mechanisms of Action of Antipsychotic Drugs in Caenorhabditis elegans

Methods for Studying the Mechanisms of Action of Antipsychotic Drugs in Caenorhabditis elegans

Metoder for å studere virkningsmekanismer av antipsykotiske legemidler i<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em

Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple genetic organism amenable to  large-scale forward and reverse genetic screens and chemical genetic screens. The C.  ...

The Olfactory System as a Model to Study Axonal Growth Patterns and Morphology In Vivo

The Olfactory System as a Model to Study Axonal Growth Patterns and Morphology In Vivo

Luktsystemet som en modell for å studere aksonal vekst mønstre og morfologi<em&gt; In Vivo</em

The olfactory system has the unusual capacity to generate new neurons throughout the lifetime of an organism. Olfactory stem cells in the basal portion of ...

An Assay for Measuring the Effects of Ethanol on the Locomotion Speed of Caenorhabditis elegans

An Assay for Measuring the Effects of Ethanol on the Locomotion Speed of Caenorhabditis elegans

En undersøkelse for å måle effekten av etanol på Locomotion Speed ​​av<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em

Alcohol use disorders are a significant public health concern, for which there are few effective treatment strategies. One difficulty that has delayed the ...

Agarose Microchambers for Long-term Calcium Imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans

Agarose Microchambers for Long-term Calcium Imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans

Agaroseplater Microchambers for Long-term Kalsium Imaging av<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em

Behavior is controlled by the nervous system. Calcium imaging is a straightforward method in the transparent nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to measure ...

Novel Metrics to Characterize Embryonic Elongation of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Novel Metrics to Characterize Embryonic Elongation of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Nye beregninger for å karakter Embryonic Forlengelse av nematode<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em

Dissecting the signaling pathways that control the alteration of morphogenic processes during embryonic development requires robust and sensitive metrics. ...

A Caenorhabditis elegans Nutritional-status Based Copper Aversion Assay

A Caenorhabditis elegans Nutritional-status Based Copper Aversion Assay

EN<em&gt; Caenorhabditis elegans</em&gt; Næringsstatusbasert kobber-aversjonsanalyse

To ensure survival, organisms must be capable of avoiding unfavorable habitats while ensuring a consistent food source. Caenorhabditis elegans alter their ...

Ratiometric Calcium Imaging of Individual Neurons in Behaving Caenorhabditis Elegans

Ratiometric Calcium Imaging of Individual Neurons in Behaving Caenorhabditis Elegans

Ratiometric kalsium avbilding av individuelle Neurons i oppfører seg Caenorhabditis Elegans

It has become increasingly clear that neural circuit activity in behaving animals differs substantially from that seen in anesthetized or immobilized ...

Imaging Dendritic Spines in Caenorhabditis elegans

Imaging Dendritic Spines in Caenorhabditis elegans

Imaging Dendritic Spines i Caenorhabditis elegans

Dendritic spines are specialized sites of synaptic innervation modulated by activity and serve as substrates for learning and memory. Recently, dendritic ...

Evaluation of Motor Impairment in C. elegans Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Evaluation of Motor Impairment in C. elegans Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Evaluering av motorisk svekkelse i C. elegans modeller av amyotrofisk lateral sklerose

The neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) features progressive loss of motor neurons accompanied by muscle weakness and motor ...