Name: adult mouse venous hypertension model: common carotid artery to external jugular vein anastomosis.
Uploaded: 2015-01-27T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Adult Mouse Venous Hypertension Model: Common Carotid Artery to External Jugular Vein Anastomosis. at JoVE.com

该项目由美国国立卫生研究院T32 GM008440到埃斯彭·沃克，R01 NS27713威廉L.Young，P01 NS44155威廉L.Young和华缩，R21 NS070153华SU和美国心脏协会AHA 10GRNT3130004到华苏部分支持。医生安娜·罗德里格斯·埃尔南德斯从“OBRA社会的La Caixa银行”支持赠款

1.准备鼠标<ol><li>诱发全身麻醉的小鼠异氟醚气。注0.15毫升腹腔brupenorphine的疼痛管理。在开始之前，检查麻醉水平通过刺老鼠的爪子令人满意。 </li><li>把鼠标在背卧与四肢固定胶带。除去颈部的头发和用剪刀上胸部。通过皮下注射，辖0.2-0.4毫升0.9％盐水中，以保持鼠标的外科手术过程中水合。 </li><li>准备手术视野下了严格的消毒方法。的皮肤切口的面积应为90％的醇进行清洗。 </li></ol><p class=...

<ol>
	<li>Bederson, J. B., Wiestler, O. D., Br&#252;stle, O., Roth, P., Frick, R., Ya&#351;argil, M. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intracranial+venous+hypertension+and+the+effects+of+venous+outflow+obstruction+in+a+rat+model+of+arteriovenous+fistula.">Intracranial venous hypertension and the effects of venous outflow obstruction in a rat model of arteriovenous fistula.</a> Neurosurgery. 29, 341-350 (1991).</li><li>Gao, P., Zhu, Y., Ling, F., Shen, F., Lee, B., Gabriel, R. A., Hao, Q., Yang, G. Y., Su, H., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nonischemic+cerebral+venous+hypertension+promotes+a+pro-angiogenic+stage+through+HIF-1+downstream+genes+and+leukocyte-derived+MMP-9.">Nonischemic cerebral venous hypertension promotes a pro-angiogenic stage through HIF-1 downstream genes and leukocyte-derived MMP-9.</a> J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 29, 1482-1490 (2009).</li><li>Kim, H., Su, H., Weinsheimer, S., Pawlikowska, L., Brain Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=arteriovenous+malformation+pathogenesis:+a+response-to-injury+paradigm.">arteriovenous malformation pathogenesis: a response-to-injury paradigm.</a> Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 111, 83-92 (2011).</li><li>Lawton, M. T., Arnold, C. M., Kim, Y. J., Bogarin, E. A., Stewart, C. L., Wulfstat, A. A., Derugin, N., Deen, D., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Radiation+arteriopathy+in+the+transgenic+arteriovenous+fistula+model.">Radiation arteriopathy in the transgenic arteriovenous fistula model.</a> Neurosurgery. 62, 1129-1138 (2008).</li><li>Lawton, M. T., Stewart, C. L., Wulfstat, A. A., Derugin, N., Hashimoto, T., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+transgenic+arteriovenous+fistula+in+the+rat:+an+experimental+model+of+gene+therapy+for+brain+arteriovenous+malformations.">The transgenic arteriovenous fistula in the rat: an experimental model of gene therapy for brain arteriovenous malformations.</a> Neurosurgery. 54, 1463-1471 (2004).</li><li>Schaller, B., Graf, R., Sanada, Y., Tolnay, M., Rosner, G., Wienhard, K., Heiss, W., D, <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hemodynamic+changes+after+occlusion+of+the+posterior+superior+sagittal+sinus:+an+experimental+PET+study+in+cats.">Hemodynamic changes after occlusion of the posterior superior sagittal sinus: an experimental PET study in cats.</a> AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24, 1876-1880 (2003).</li><li>Zhu, Y., Lawton, M. T., Du, R., Shwe, Y., Chen, Y., Shen, F., Young, W. L., Yang, G. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+hypoxia-inducible+factor-1+and+vascular+endothelial+growth+factor+in+response+to+venous+hypertension.">Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in response to venous hypertension.</a> Neurosurgery. 59, 687-696 (2006).</li><li>Herman, J. M., Spetzler, R. F., Bederson, J. B., Kurbat, J. M., Zabramski, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genesis+of+a+dural+arteriovenous+malformation+in+a+rat+model.">Genesis of a dural arteriovenous malformation in a rat model.</a> J. Neurosurg. 83, 539-545 (1995).</li><li>Terada, T., Higashida, R. T., Halbach, V. V., Dowd, C. F., Tsuura, M., Komai, N., Wilson, C. B., Hieshima, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+acquired+arteriovenous+fistulas+in+rats+due+to+venous+hypertension.">Development of acquired arteriovenous fistulas in rats due to venous hypertension.</a> J. Neurosurg. 80, 884-889 (1994).</li><li>Yassari, R., Sayama, T., Jahromi, B. S., Aihara, Y., Stoodley, M., Macdonald, R. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Angiographic,+hemodynamic+and+histological+characterization+of+an+arteriovenous+fistula+in+rats.">Angiographic, hemodynamic and histological characterization of an arteriovenous fistula in rats.</a> Acta Neurochir (Wien). 146, 495-504 (2004).</li><li>Solheim, O., Skeidsvoll, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transient+global+amnesia+may+be+caused+by+cerebral+vein+thrombosis.">Transient global amnesia may be caused by cerebral vein thrombosis.</a> Med. Hypotheses. 65, 1142-1149 (2005).</li><li>Yang, B., Shergill, U., Fu, A. A., Knudsen, B., Misra, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+mouse+arteriovenous+fistula+model.">The mouse arteriovenous fistula model.</a> J Vasc Interv Radiol. 20, 946-950 (2009).</li><li>Choi, E. J., Choi, E. J., Walker, E. J., Shen, F., Oh, S. P., Arthur, H. M., Young, W. L., Su, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Minimal+Homozygous+Endothelial+Deletion+of+Eng+with+VEGF+Stimulation+Is+Sufficient+to+Cause+Cerebrovascular+Dysplasia+in+the+Adult+Mouse.">Minimal Homozygous Endothelial Deletion of Eng with VEGF Stimulation Is Sufficient to Cause Cerebrovascular Dysplasia in the Adult Mouse.</a> Cerebrovascular diseases. 33, 540-547 (2012).</li><li>Hao, Q., Su, H., Marchuk, D. A., Rola, R., Wang, Y., Liu, W., Young, W. L., Yang, G. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increased+tissue+perfusion+promotes+capillary+dysplasia+in+the+ALK1-deficient+mouse+brain+following+VEGF+stimulation.">Increased tissue perfusion promotes capillary dysplasia in the ALK1-deficient mouse brain following VEGF stimulation.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 295, H2250-H2256 (2008).</li><li>Su, H., Hao, Q., Shen, F., Zhu, Y., Lee, C. Z., Young, W. L., Yang, G. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+a+cerebral+microvascular+dysplasia+model+in+rodents.">Development of a cerebral microvascular dysplasia model in rodents.</a> Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 105, 185-189 (2008).</li><li>Walker, E. J., Su, H., Shen, F., Degos, V., Jun, K., Young, W. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bevacizumab+Attenuates+VEGF-Induced+Angiogenesis+and+Vascular+Malformations+in+the+Adult+Mouse+Brain.">Bevacizumab Attenuates VEGF-Induced Angiogenesis and Vascular Malformations in the Adult Mouse Brain.</a> Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. , (2012).</li></ol>

持续脑静脉高血压已密切相关的更严重的临床表现及预后差的患者硬脑膜动静脉瘘和脑动静脉畸形3。 CVH这些作用已被广泛研究在大鼠模型1,2,8。在鼠标的等效模型将允许使用转基因动物这将最终允许参与对静脉高压的发病机制及其与硬脑膜动静脉瘘，脑动静脉畸形的关系分子途径的分析。 这里，我们报告用于通过终端到侧颈颈静脉瘘创建在成年小鼠脑静脉高...

脑静脉高压动物模型已被证明是脑动静脉畸形和动静脉瘘1-7的病理生理的认识的重要工具。最广泛使用的是通过颈总动脉（CCA）和颈外静脉（合资企业），这引发了一致脑静脉高血压（CVH）在大鼠1,8-10之间的人工瘘创建的大鼠模型。相当于小鼠模型，通过打开使用转基因小鼠品系不同的可能性，将允许不仅病理生理学，但也是潜在的基因疗法，这些脑血管疾病的进一步研究。此外，实验结构还可以进一步适应于与静脉压增高，如偏头痛，短暂性失忆，瞬态单眼失明等 11然而，以前的尝试相关的其他脑血管疾病的研究，构建这些小鼠模型ħAVE展示与瘘管通畅的困难，由于身材矮小的解剖5,12。在这里，我们描述一步一步的协议，用于小鼠CCA和合资企业的转化为长期的专利瘘和鼠标耐用静脉高压的成功吻合。

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>10-0 Sterile Microsuture</td>
			<td>Arosurgical Ic.</td>
			<td>VT5A010Q10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>11-0 Sterile Microsuture</td>
			<td>Arosurgical Ic</td>
			<td>VT4A00N07</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DUROTIP Scissors</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BC210R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-Adson Tissue Forceps</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BD510R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscissors</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>OC496R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro Forceps #5 Jewelers</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BD331R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Angled Jewelers Forceps</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BD329R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro Suture Forceps</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BD338R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DUROGRIP Needle Holder</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>BM009R</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

adult mouse venous hypertension model: common carotid artery to external jugular vein anastomosis.

脑动静脉畸形和动静脉瘘的病理生理的认识有了提高得益于动物模型。大鼠模型创建颈总动脉（CCA）和外部颈静脉（合资企业）之间的人工瘘已被广泛描述和证明了在技术上是可行的。该构建激起一个一致脑静脉高血压（CVH），因此，已帮助学习静脉高压，以形成，临床症状，和脑动静脉畸形和硬脑膜动静脉瘘的预后的贡献。相当于小鼠模型已经只有很少描述和证明与瘘管狭窄的麻烦。一个既定的小鼠模型将允许不仅病理生理学的研究，但也是潜在的基因疗法，这些脑血管疾病。 我们提出的动静脉瘘的模型，产生一个持久的颅内静脉高​​血压的鼠标。显微外科吻合术Øf显示鼠CCA和合资企业可以是困难的，因为小型的解剖学和经常导致非专利瘘。在该步骤中的分步协议中，我们解决所有在此过程中所遇到的重大挑战。在曝光过程中避免了静脉过度内陷，用11-0缝线，而不是10-0，并作出精心策划端侧吻合是一些关键步骤。虽然这种方法需要先进的显微技术和其等效在大鼠，可以一致地开发了一种更长的学习曲线。 这种新颖的模型已被设计为转基因小鼠技术结合起来已经证明，研究脑动静脉畸形和硬脑膜动静脉瘘有用一个预先既定的实验系统。通过打开使用的转基因小鼠的可能性，有效模型的一个更广泛，可以实现和遗传治疗也可进行测试。该实验的构建体也可以被进一步适配以OT的研究她静脉高压，如偏头痛，短暂性失忆，瞬态单眼失明等相关的脑血管疾病

该模型的一个成功的结果是一个专利动静脉瘘诱导静脉高压在小鼠大脑。为了验证该模型，我们最初测定小鼠的矢状窦的颅内静脉压力在2，3和4周后手术。 6种不同的小鼠被分配到每一个时间组。窦的压力为8.8±1.2毫米汞柱的组中测得的两个星期后手术。在手术后第3周测量的6只小鼠中，鼻窦压为4.7±1.4毫米汞柱。最后，将6只小鼠测定4周手术具有3.9±0.6毫米汞柱（ 图6）一窦压力后。术...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Adult Mouse Venous Hypertension Model: Common Carotid Artery to External Jugular Vein Anastomosis. at JoVE.com

Adult Mouse Venous Hypertension Model: Common Carotid Artery to External Jugular Vein Anastomosis.

成年小鼠静脉高压型号：颈总动脉，以颈外静脉吻合。

我们描述了在成年小鼠产生的脑静脉高血压可靠的模型的方法。该模型已被广泛描述和试验的大鼠。在小鼠中这个新的对应打开利用遗传修饰的动物的可能性，从而拓宽了该模型的应用程序。

The understanding of the pathophysiology of brain arteriovenous malformations and arteriovenous fistulas has improved thanks to animal models. A rat model ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Model of Disturbed Flow-Induced Atherosclerosis in Mouse Carotid Artery by Partial Ligation and a Simple Method of RNA Isolation from Carotid Endothelium

一个型号的不安流致动脉粥样硬化小鼠颈动脉部分结扎术和颈动脉内皮细胞的RNA分离的简单方法

Despite the well-known close association, direct evidence linking disturbed flow to atherogenesis has been lacking. We have recently used a modified ...

科研

医学

Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats

培养一个精密的显微外科技术在大鼠颈总动脉，颈外静脉移植：介入

Neointimal hyperplasia is one the primary causes of stenosis in arterialized veins that are of great importance in arterial coronary bypass surgery, in ...

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia

双侧颈总动脉闭塞足够的预处理刺激诱导局灶性脑缺血早期缺血耐受

There is accumulating evidence, that ischemic preconditioning - a non-damaging ischemic challenge to the brain - confers a transient protection to a ...

Catheterization of the Carotid Artery and Jugular Vein to Perform Hemodynamic Measures, Infusions and Blood Sampling in a Conscious Rat Model

颈动脉和颈静脉导管在有意识大鼠模型进行血流动力学措施，输液和血液采样

The success of a small animal model to study critical illness is, in part, dependent on the ability of the model to simulate the human condition. ...

Ferric Chloride-induced Thrombosis Mouse Model on Carotid Artery and Mesentery Vessel

三氯化铁诱发血栓形成小鼠模型上的颈动脉和肠系膜血管

Severe thrombosis and its ischemic consequences such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism and stroke are major worldwide health issues. The ferric ...

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

执行永久远端大脑中与老年大鼠颈总动脉闭塞研究皮层缺血具有持续残疾

Stroke typically occurs in elderly people with a range of comorbidities including carotid (or other arterial) atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, ...

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium

体内兔颈总动脉内皮的基因转移

The goal of this method is to introduce a transgene into the endothelium of isolated segments of both rabbit common carotid arteries. The method achieves ...

A Rabbit Model of Durable Transgene Expression in Jugular Vein to Common Carotid Artery Interposition Grafts

颈动脉介入移植中颈静脉持久性转基因表达的家兔模型

Vein graft bypass surgery is a common treatment for occlusive arterial disease; however, long-term success is limited by graft failure due to thrombosis, ...

Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Rat Common Carotid Artery

大鼠颈总动脉的相位对比磁共振成像

Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) is a noninvasive approach that can quantify flow-related parameters such as blood flow. Previous ...

Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

氯化铁诱导的犬颈动脉血栓形成: 一种大的血管损伤动物模型

Occlusive arterial thrombosis leading to cerebral ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction contributes to ~13 million deaths every year globally. Here, ...