Name: a noninvasive method for in situ determination of mating success in female american lobsters (homarus americanus)
Uploaded: 2014-02-07T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Noninvasive Method For In situ Determination of Mating Success in Female American Lobsters Homarus americanus at JoVE.com

笔者想感谢所有的新英格兰商业lobstermen的船，我们被允许从品尝 - 他们的合作是非常赞赏。此外，我们要感谢小龙虾湾公司（纽因顿，NH）和Champlin的的海鲜（点朱迪思，RI）谁允许我们在他们的设施进行采样。下面UNH学生在本研究提供了宝贵的援助：海利白色，弗朗索瓦·莫里森，莎拉Havener，奥德拉Chaput的，和五月格罗斯。该项目由赠款从新罕布什尔州SeaGrant到WHW（项目＃R/CFR-11）和UNH海洋项目资助，以联合研究小组的支持。

A部分：现场抽样技术 1。女性三围<ol><li>对于每个雌性龙虾，测量头胸甲长（CL）和所述第二腹节到使用一对卡尺的最接近1.0毫米的宽度。 注意：第二腹节进行测量，因为腹部（其中女性随身携带的蛋）的宽度是性成熟的一个指标。此外，它可能是有利的，以确定蜕皮阶段以后配合生殖阶段这些数据（参见步骤1.2）。 </li><li>夹一小部分远端关闭腹腔腹足之一（龙虾标准的...

<ol>
	<li>. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> FAO and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. , (2012).</li><li>MacDiarmid, A., Butler, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sperm+economy+and+limitation+in+spiny+lobsters.">Sperm economy and limitation in spiny lobsters.</a> Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 46, 14-24 (1999).</li><li>Kendall, M. S., Wolcott, D. L., Wolcott, T. G., Hines, A. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+male+size+and+mating+history+on+sperm+content+of+ejaculates+of+the+blue+crab+Callinectes+sapidus.">Influence of male size and mating history on sperm content of ejaculates of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus.</a> 230, 235-240 (2002).</li><li>Sato, T., Ashidate, M., Goshima, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+male+mating+frequency+and+male+size+on+ejaculate+size+and+reproductive+success+of+female+spiny+king+crab,+Parolithodes+brevipes.">Effects of male mating frequency and male size on ejaculate size and reproductive success of female spiny king crab, Parolithodes brevipes.</a> Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 296, 251-262 (2005).</li><li>Sato, T., Goshima, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impacts+of+male-only+fishing+and+sperm+limitation+in+manipulated+populations+of+an+unfished+crab,+Hapalogaster.">Impacts of male-only fishing and sperm limitation in manipulated populations of an unfished crab, Hapalogaster.</a> 313, 193-204 (2006).</li><li>Rondeau, A., Sainte-Marie, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Variable+mate-guarding+time+and+sperm+allocation+by+male+snow+crabs+(Chionoecetes+opilio)+in+response+to+sexual+competition,+and+their+impact+on+the+mating+success+of+females.">Variable mate-guarding time and sperm allocation by male snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio) in response to sexual competition, and their impact on the mating success of females.</a> Biol. Bull. 201, 204-217 (2001).</li><li>Waddy, S. L., Aiken, D. E., Bauer, R. T., Martin, J. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Mating and insemination in the Ameri can lobster,Homarus americanus. Crustacean sexual behavior. , 126-144 (1990).</li><li>Johnson, K. J., Goldstein, J. S., Watson, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Two+methods+for+determining+the+fertility+status+in+early-stage+American+lobster,+Homarus+americanus,+eggs.">Two methods for determining the fertility status in early-stage American lobster, Homarus americanus, eggs.</a> J. Crust. Biol. 31, 693-700 (2011).</li><li>Aiken, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proecdysis,+setal+development,+and+molt+prediction+in+the+American+lobster+(Homarus).">Proecdysis, setal development, and molt prediction in the American lobster (Homarus).</a> 30, 1337-1344 (1973).</li><li>Aiken, D. E., Waddy, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cement+gland+development,+ovary+maturation,+and+reproductive+cycles+in+the+American+lobster+Homarus+americanus.">Cement gland development, ovary maturation, and reproductive cycles in the American lobster Homarus americanus.</a> J. Crust. Biol. 2, 315-327 (1982).</li><li>Pugh, T. L., Goldstein, J. S., Lavalli, K. L., Clancy, M., Watson, W. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=At-sea+determination+of+female+American+lobsters+(Homarus+americanus)+mating+activity:+Patterns+vs.+expectations.">At-sea determination of female American lobsters (Homarus americanus) mating activity: Patterns vs. expectations.</a> Fish. Res. 147, 327-337 (2013).</li><li>Bauer, R. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phylogenetic+trends+in+sperm+transfer+and+storage+complexity+in+decapod+crustaceans.">Phylogenetic trends in sperm transfer and storage complexity in decapod crustaceans.</a> J. Crust. Biol. 6, 313-325 (1986).</li><li>Talbot, P., Helluy, S., Factor, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reproduction+and+embryonic+development.">Reproduction and embryonic development.</a> Biology of the Lobster: Homarus americanus. , 177-216 (1995).</li><li>Cooper, R. A., Uzmann, J. R., Cobb, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Ecology of juvenile and adult Homarus. The biology and management of lobsters. 2, 97-142 (1980).</li><li>Estrella, B. T., McKiernan, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catch-per-unit-effort+and+biological+parameters+from+the+Massachusetts+coastal+lobster+(Homarus+americanus)+resource:+description+and+trends.">Catch-per-unit-effort and biological parameters from the Massachusetts coastal lobster (Homarus americanus) resource: description and trends.</a> NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS. 81, (1989).</li><li>Waddy, S. L., Aiken, D. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiple+fertilization+and+consecutive+spawning+in+large+American+lobster,+Homarus+americanus.">Multiple fertilization and consecutive spawning in large American lobster, Homarus americanus.</a> Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43, 2291-2294 (1986).</li><li>. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Atlantic+States+Marine+Fisheries+Commission+(ASMFC).+American+lobster+stock+assessment+report+for+peer+review.">Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC). American lobster stock assessment report for peer review.</a> ASMFC Stock Assessment. , (2009).</li></ol>

这部影片和纸提纲，并展示用于确定雌性龙虾已经成功交配的方法。这种方法是很简单的，它可以由多种用户用于龙虾海上大规模抽样。该方法是基于检测精荚的传递从男女龙虾交配时精液容器的存在。这些精荚局部变硬成精子塞它们存放在容器后不久，因此，精子塞的存在也表明交配成功。在这项研究中，以及一个随后的更大的研究，已确定，大部分精子插头已精子与它们相关联11。然...

<html>美国龙虾（ 美洲螯龙虾 ）是在北大西洋（〜56,000吨，2011年，价值超过390,000,000元）1最有生产力的渔场之一。然而，有关于这个物种的野生种群的繁殖动力学普遍缺乏了解。生成繁殖输出更准确的估计，包括个人的积极参与繁殖的数量和大小，可以提高该股的评估过程。例如，女性是从实现其全部潜能的生殖防止因精子限制已被确定为几个商业开发海洋甲壳类动物，包括一个担忧：多刺龙虾2，蓝蟹3，帝王蟹4，石蟹5，和雪蟹6。总的目标是，以确定是否精子的限制可能是在美国龙虾渔业某些地区的一个因素也是如此。 NT“&gt;，同时进行与产卵雌龙虾无关的标记研究（有明显完好无损，最近挤压蛋）的龙虾潜在的精子限制问题的第一个征象进行观察。夺回渔民报告表明，〜这些动物的15％已下降他们的鸡蛋离合器只有1-2个月后的工作假设是，一些龙虾携带了那些尚未被受精卵，并作为结果，“掉下来”7。从随后的研究的初步数据已经证实的事实，将龙虾挤出鸡蛋即使他们没有成功交配而这些未受精的卵子只携带〜1 第八个月，因此，给出的观测女性携带未受精的卵子在自然种群中，我们试图确定到精子的限制可能会造成程度由性成熟龙虾再现的次最大水平。为了实现这一目标，一种技术被开发，以检测spermato交配过程中phore沉积男性。 本文和视频描述为确定女性龙虾交配成功开发出一种无创，简便的方法。该技术可以快速，可靠地使用在海上，无论是乘坐研究或商业渔船。这种抽样方法的细节，以及一些有代表性的研究结果说明了该技术的应用。

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a noninvasive method for in situ determination of mating success in female american lobsters (homarus americanus)

尽管是在西北大西洋最有生产力的渔场之一，还有许多未知的关于美国龙虾自然繁殖动态。最近在利用甲壳类人群（螃蟹和龙虾）的研究表明，在有些情况下成熟的女性是无法充分实现其生殖潜力，由于精子的限制。为了检验这种可能性在美国龙虾渔业的不同区域，一个可靠的无创方法，在海上采样大批女性龙虾的开发。该方法涉及将一个钝头针头插入女性的精液接受器来确定精子塞的存在或不存在和撤回，可检查精子的存在的样品。一系列控制研究是在码头和在实验室中进行的，以测试该技术的可靠性。这些努力entailed抽样294女龙虾，确认存在Õ发精子插头是精液的容器内的可靠指标，因此，交配。本文详细说明的方法及从采样的总位女性的子集​​所获得的结果。从乔治的银行和海角安，马取样的230女龙虾（尺寸范围= 71-145毫米，背甲长），90.3％呈阳性的精子。潜在的解释为没有精子在女性的一些包括：不成熟（缺乏生理成熟），精子插件被用来卵子受精的离合器故障后，和缺乏交配活动。调查表明，该技术用于检查雌性龙虾的交配成功是一个可靠的代理，可用于在现场对文件生殖活动中自然种群。

<html>这里报道的数据是针对源于近岸和近海地区的女性龙虾的一个子集。近岸组包括被抓获的近海角安，马萨诸塞州沿海水域及运送冷却器实验室检查44龙虾。共有186近海龙虾被抓获乔治银行和采样在新罕布什尔州举行的商业设施。 精子样品是从所有的动物中，根据上述方法获得的，并立即检查精子的存在与否。总共在这个子集的所有女性90.3％有精子在他们的精液的容器。?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Noninvasive Method For In situ Determination of Mating Success in Female American Lobsters Homarus americanus at JoVE.com

A Noninvasive Method For In situ Determination of Mating Success in Female American Lobsters Homarus americanus

渔业引起的变化，以利用甲壳类水产，如美国龙虾捕捞业，有可能影响他们的生育动态，导致交配成功的减少。这项研究的目标是开发以确定女性龙虾，可能是生理上或功能上的成熟的交配成功一种无创性的方法。

一种非侵入性的方法<em&gt;原位</em&gt;交配成功的女美国龙虾​​（测定<em&gt;美洲螯龙虾</em&gt;）

Despite being one of the most productive fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic, much remains unknown about the natural reproductive dynamics of American ...

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A Noninvasive Method For In situ Determination of Mating Success in Female American Lobsters (Homarus americanus)

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