Name: obtaining specimens with slowed, accelerated and reversed aging in the honey bee model
Uploaded: 2013-08-29T16:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Obtaining Specimens with Slowed, Accelerated and Reversed Aging in the Honey Bee Model at JoVE.com

我们感谢奥斯曼Kaftanoglu的拍摄过程中有益的建议和帮助。我们要感谢匿名审稿人有见地的意见。这项工作是由挪威研究理事会（补助180504，191699，213976和），玛丽Curie/FP7（项目编号。238665），国家老化研究所（NIA授予P01 AG22500）和皮尤慈善信托基金的支持。

1。从实际年龄衰老脱钩本节介绍的双队列的殖民地，它包括确定个人共享同一个实足年龄（“单年龄组”）和巢蜜蜂的队列的队列的设置。单年龄组的同年龄人最终会分成不同的工人类型不同老化动力学 - 这些都是护士与蜜蜂放缓，采集蜜蜂与加速功能下降。所有的程序都描述一个实验殖民地。然而，我们建议，进行实验用于至少两个菌落复制，使细胞集落的影响可以被控制...

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在这里，我们采用前面所述的方法8,16,17,19,20，并将它们集成到一个单一的工作流程，这将有利于灵活学习老龄化蜜蜂。我们的目标是为科学家是新手，这个领域与标准化的工具集，以取得相关样本材料，并改善不同的研究小组之间的实验重现性。虽然我们的程序简化，不需要特殊设备，在前面的描述（比较例如8），预防的一些措施，建议及以下收集。 从...

高度社会化的动物的复杂的菌落结构通过生殖种性的相互作用维持，并且通常是非再现工人的辅助阶级不同社会任务的行为。在不同的工人，具体的生理适应性使不同的同胞关心的行为，也与极端的寿命差异。蜜蜂和鼹鼠代表了最发达的动物模型，研究如何社会性链接到的加速，可以忽略不计或逆转老化的1-3模式。 在蜜蜂的殖民地，一个产蛋女王是由成千上万的工人，往往育雏，饲料的粮食援助，并参与防守，体温调节或卫生行为4。在这些工人中是极其短暂的征粮，护士蜜蜂与中间，和冬季（diutinus）与蜜蜂的寿命最长。个人，但是，不会永久绑定到一个特定的窝rker型，但会显示一条灵活的行为个体发育：他们从一个社会任务的行为更改为另一种（“时间种姓”）。乳臭未干的蜜蜂可以换到育雏抚育护士蜜蜂，最终可能会改变外界觅食。然而，乳臭未干巢蜜蜂也可以变身为最长寿的冬季蜜蜂和短命觅食，甚至可以恢复到通常寿命更长护士。极端（冬季蜜蜂）和中级（保姆蜂）寿命工人有发达的食品生产和贮藏器官与丰富的资源-而不是短暂的觅食（1,5审查）。然而，个人寿命的调节超越于个人的资源平衡简单的修改建议通过在卵黄蛋白，它具有不同的适应功能，在非再现工人等级，比如果冻生产6，激素控制7，免疫研究8，抗氧化剂防御9。 的f模式unctional下降（衰老）工人镜的寿命差距，为建立嗅觉，同时还为其他脑或运动功能10-13。具体地，仅在两个星期的觅食之后的显著下降学习函数相匹配类似的死亡率级数中觅食14，相对于缺乏可检测的下降（可忽略衰老）的长寿命的冬季蜜蜂15。 为了确定我们适应建立实验范式，使监测和处理老化型转变8,16,17灵活衰老的分子指纹。实验1的详细信息如何获取样品中的实足年龄和老龄工作者类型的具体的社会行为的影响可以分开。实验2描述了征粮与加速进入护士蜜蜂与减缓老化动力学的逆转。实验3提供了解剖学探测细胞衰老的影响的方法已建立的生物标志物细胞衰老（脂褐素）18升量化。

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Name of reagent</td>
 <td>Company</td>
 <td>Catalogue number</td>
 <td>Comments</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Apifonda</td>
 <td>S&uuml;dzucker AG, Mannheim/Ochsenfurt, Germany</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>paraformaldehyde</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>158127</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>phosphate-buffered saline</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>P4417</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Glycerol</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.04094.1000</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

obtaining specimens with slowed, accelerated and reversed aging in the honey bee model

高度社会化的动物的社会功能密切相关的个体之间的广袤的寿命差异。其中社会性昆虫，蜜蜂是最好建立的模型，以研究如何可塑性寿命和衰老是由社会因素来解释。 蜜蜂的工人等级包括护士蜜蜂，这往往育雏，并采集蜜蜂，负责收集花蜜和花粉。以前的工作表明，大脑功能和飞行性能的征粮衰老的速度比护士。然而，大脑的功能可以恢复，觅食时恢复到哺乳的任务。加快并逆转衰老的功能，例如模式都与代谢改变资源水平，在蛋白丰度的改变和免疫功能。卵黄，卵黄蛋白与激素控制和细胞防御适应功能，可作为中，控制工人的不同老化动力学网络的主要调控元件。在这里，我们描述了如何护士和觅食的出现可以被监控，和操作，包括逆转，从典型的短命觅食成更长寿命的护士。我们的代表结果表明，与同类实足年龄个体如何分化成蜂和护士蜜蜂实验条件下。我们举例说明如何行为逆转，从觅食回到护士可以进行验证。最后，我们显示如何不同细胞衰老可通过测定脂褐质的积聚，衰老的普遍的生物标记物进行评估。 为了研究可能连结社会影响的机制和老化的可塑性，该协议提供了一个标准化的工具集，以获取有关样品材料，并提高未来的研究中数据的可比性。

协议第1和2详细测试组如何能够获得学习的加速属性，减缓和扭转与一个单一的年龄组菌落老化。为了监视工人型分化，伴随着个体发育正常，我们评估觅食计数（“高考计数”）的6个菌落（ 图1，比较第1节）。该图显示，通常观察不到从护士相当大的变化的觅食状态前的人更超过10天。在觅食计数标记变异观察与问候觅食不同群体之间发生的时机，作为一个显着的一天到一天的每一...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Obtaining Specimens with Slowed, Accelerated and Reversed Aging in the Honey Bee Model at JoVE.com

Obtaining Specimens with Slowed, Accelerated and Reversed Aging in the Honey Bee Model

获取标本减慢，加速和反老化的蜜蜂型号

在蜜蜂的工人，老化依赖于社会行为，而不是实际年龄。在这里，我们将展示如何工人种类具有非常不同的老化模式可以得到和细胞衰老分析。

Societies of highly social animals feature vast lifespan differences between closely related individuals. Among social insects, the honey bee is the best ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

In vivo Ca2+- Imaging of Mushroom Body Neurons During Olfactory Learning in the Honey Bee

In vivo Ca2+- Imaging of Mushroom Body Neurons During Olfactory Learning in the Honey Bee

在体内的Ca 2 + -蜜蜂的嗅觉学习期间的蘑菇体神经元的成像

The in vivo and semi-in vivo preparation for Calcium imaging has been developed in our lab by Joerges, K&uuml;ttner and Galizia over ten years ago, to ...

科研

生物学

Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila

Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila

可视化心脏跳动果蝇</em

The Drosophila heart has recently emerged as a good model system for examining the genetic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying function in ...

Methods for Comparing Nutrients in Beebread Made by Africanized and European Honey Bees and the Effects on Hemolymph Protein Titers

对于在比较营养Beebread由非洲化和欧洲蜜蜂的方法和淋巴蛋白质滴度影响

Honey bees obtain nutrients from pollen they collect and store in the hive as beebread. We developed methods to control the pollen source that bees ...

Dissection and Observation of Honey Bee Dorsal Vessel for Studies of Cardiac Function

解剖和蜜蜂背血管的观察心功能的研究

The European honey bee, Apis mellifera L., is a valuable agricultural and commercial resource noted for producing honey and providing crop pollination ...

Monitoring Colony-level Effects of Sublethal Pesticide Exposure on Honey Bees

蜜蜂致死农药暴露对蜂群水平的影响

The effects of sublethal pesticide exposure to honey bee colonies may be significant but difficult to detect in the field using standard visual assessment ...

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

方法研究线虫线虫中固有的蛋白质聚集与年龄的变化

In the last decades, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), has grown. These ...

SA-&#946;-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs

SA-ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs

SA-β-加拉基沙酶筛查检测,用于识别治疗药物

Cell senescence is one of the hallmarks of aging known to negatively influence a healthy lifespan. Drugs able to kill senescent cells specifically in cell ...

In Vivo Quantification of Protein Turnover in Aging C. Elegans using Photoconvertible Dendra2

In Vivo Quantification of Protein Turnover in Aging C. Elegans using Photoconvertible Dendra2

使用光可转换的登德拉2，在老化的蛋白质周转量中，在体内C.Elegans

Proteins are synthesized and degraded constantly within a cell to maintain homeostasis. Being able to monitor the degradation of a protein of interest is ...

A 3D Printed Pollen Trap for Bumble Bee (Bombus) Hive Entrances

A 3D Printed Pollen Trap for Bumble Bee Bombus Hive Entrances

用于大黄蜂（Bombus）蜂巢入口的3D打印花粉陷阱

To verify the plant sources from which bumble bees forage for pollen, individuals must be collected to remove their corbicular pollen loads for analysis.  ...

Gonadectomy and Blood Sampling Procedures in the Small Size Teleost Model Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Gonadectomy and Blood Sampling Procedures in the Small Size Teleost Model Japanese Medaka Oryzias latipes

小尺寸远程模型日本美达卡（奥里齐亚斯拉蒂普斯）的果纳切除术和血液采样程序

Sex steroids, produced by the gonads, play an essential role in brain and pituitary tissue plasticity and in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in ...