Name: culturing of human nasal epithelial cells at the air liquid interface
Uploaded: 2013-10-08T17:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface at JoVE.com

Forfatterne vil gerne takke Lisa Dailey de nyttige input. Dette arbejde blev støttet af tilskud fra National Institutes of Health (ES013611 og HL095163), Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI) og Environmental Protection Agency (CR83346301) og erklærer nogen interessekonflikt. Indholdet er alene forfatternes ansvar og repræsenterer ikke nødvendigvis de officielle synspunkter National Institutes of Health. Selv om forskning er beskrevet i denne artikel er blevet finansieret delvist af det amerikanske Environmental Protection Agency gennem samarbejdsaftale CR83346301 med Center for Environmental Medicine, Astma og Lung Biology ved University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, har det ikke været udsat for agenturets nødvendige peer og politikken og derfor ikke nødvendigvis afspejler de synspunkter, bureau, og ingen officiel påtegning skal udledes herfra. Nævn of firmanavne eller kommercielle produkter udgør ikke godkendelse eller anbefaling til brug. Loretta Müller er støttet af den schweiziske National Science Foundation med et personligt tilskud.

1.. Forbered Plastic Ware: Frakke Plate <ol><li> Tilsæt 500 pi PureCol (1:100 fortyndet med sterilt vand) til hver brønd i en plade med 12 brønde. </li><li> Der inkuberes ved 37 ° C i en inkubator i 30 minutter, fjern PureCol og skylles med HBSS lige før tilsættes cellerne til pladen (se trin 3.1 nedenfor). </li></ol> 2. Indhentning og forbehandle biopsi for Human NEC&#39;erne <ol><li> Nasal skrabe biopsi <ol><li> Opnå overfladiske ECs foring nasale muslingebenene under direkte udsyn g...

<ol>
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Microbiol Rev. 24, 210-229 (2011).</li><li>Muller, L., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epithelial+cells,+the+"switchboard"+of+respiratory+immune+defense+responses:+Effects+of+air+pollutants.">Epithelial cells, the "switchboard" of respiratory immune defense responses: Effects of air pollutants.</a> Swiss Med. Wkly. , (2012).</li><li>Sanders, C. J., Doherty, P. C., Thomas, P. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Respiratory+epithelial+cells+in+innate+immunity+to+influenza+virus+infection.">Respiratory epithelial cells in innate immunity to influenza virus infection.</a> Cell Tissue Res. 343, 13-21 (2011).</li><li>Robertson, M. 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C., Vitucci, M., Cosman, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NKG2D+ligands+are+expressed+on+stressed+human+airway+epithelial+cells.">NKG2D ligands are expressed on stressed human airway epithelial cells.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 291, L222-L231 (2006).</li><li>Groh, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Costimulation+of+CD8alphabeta+T+cells+by+NKG2D+via+engagement+by+MIC+induced+on+virus-infected+cells.">Costimulation of CD8alphabeta T cells by NKG2D via engagement by MIC induced on virus-infected cells.</a> Nat. Immunol. 2, 255-260 (2001).</li><li>Obeidy, P., Sharland, A. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NKG2D+and+its+ligands.">NKG2D and its ligands.</a> Int J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 41, 2364-2367 (2009).</li><li>Horvath, K. M., Brighton, L. E., Zhang, W., Carson, J. L., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epithelial+Cells+From+Smokers+Modify+Dendritic+Cell+Responses+in+the+Context+of+Influenza+Infection+1.">Epithelial Cells From Smokers Modify Dendritic Cell Responses in the Context of Influenza Infection 1.</a> Am. J. Resp. Cell. , (2010).</li><li>Muller, L., Brighton, L. E., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ozone+exposed+epithelial+cells+modify+co-cultured+natural+killer+cells.">Ozone exposed epithelial cells modify co-cultured natural killer cells.</a> AJP Lung. , (2013).</li><li>Turi, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxidative+stress+activates+anion+exchange+protein+2+and+AP-1+in+airway+epithelial+cells.">Oxidative stress activates anion exchange protein 2 and AP-1 in airway epithelial cells.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 283, 791-798 (2002).</li><li>Zimmermann, G. S., Neurohr, C., Villena-Hermoza, H., Hatz, R., Behr, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-inflammatory+effects+of+antibacterials+on+human+Bronchial+epithelial+cells.">Anti-inflammatory effects of antibacterials on human Bronchial epithelial cells.</a> Respir. Res. 10, 89 (2009).</li><li>Lopez-Souza, N., Avila, P. C., Widdicombe, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polarized+cultures+of+human+airway+epithelium+from+nasal+scrapings+and+bronchial+brushings.">Polarized cultures of human airway epithelium from nasal scrapings and bronchial brushings.</a> In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim. 39 (2003), 266-269 (2003).</li><li>Gray, T. E., Guzman, K., Davis, C. W., Abdullah, L. H., Nettesheim, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mucociliary+differentiation+of+serially+passaged+normal+human+tracheobronchial+epithelial+cells.">Mucociliary differentiation of serially passaged normal human tracheobronchial epithelial cells.</a> Am. J. Respir. Cell Mo.l Biol. 14, 104-112 (1996).</li><li>Adler, K. B., Schwarz, J. E., Whitcutt, M. J., Wu, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+New+Chamber+System+for+Maintaining+Differentiated+Guinea-Pig+Respiratory+Epithelial-Cells+between+Air+and+Liquid-Phases.">A New Chamber System for Maintaining Differentiated Guinea-Pig Respiratory Epithelial-Cells between Air and Liquid-Phases.</a> Biotechniques. 5, 462 (1987).</li><li>Whitcutt, M. J., Adler, K. B., Wu, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+biphasic+chamber+system+for+maintaining+polarity+of+differentiation+of+cultured+respiratory+tract+epithelial+cells.">A biphasic chamber system for maintaining polarity of differentiation of cultured respiratory tract epithelial cells.</a> In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 24, 420-428 (1988).</li><li>Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reduced+expression+of+IRF7+in+nasal+epithelial+cells+from+smokers+after+infection+with+influenza.">Reduced expression of IRF7 in nasal epithelial cells from smokers after infection with influenza.</a> Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 43, 368-375 (2010).</li><li>Muller, L., Brighton, L. E., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ozone+exposed+epithelial+cells+modify+cocultured+natural+killer+cells.">Ozone exposed epithelial cells modify cocultured natural killer cells.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 304, 332-341 (2013).</li><li>Ochs, M., Weibel, E. R., Fishmanetal, A. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Fishman's Pulmoary Diseases and Disorders. 4, 23-69 (2008).</li><li>Kesic, M. J., Meyer, M., Bauer, R., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exposure+to+Ozone+Modulates+Human+Airway+Protease/Antiprotease+Balance+Contributing+to+Increased+Influenza+A+Infection.">Exposure to Ozone Modulates Human Airway Protease/Antiprotease Balance Contributing to Increased Influenza A Infection.</a> PLoS ONE. 7, e35108 (2012).</li><li>Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diesel+exhaust+enhances+influenza+virus+infections+in+respiratory+epithelial+cells.">Diesel exhaust enhances influenza virus infections in respiratory epithelial cells.</a> Toxicol. Sci. 85, 990-1002 (2005).</li><li>Jaspers, I., Flescher, E., Chen, L. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ozone-induced+IL-8+expression+and+transcription+factor+binding+in+respiratory+epithelial+cells.">Ozone-induced IL-8 expression and transcription factor binding in respiratory epithelial cells.</a> Am. J. Physiol. 272, L504-L511 (1997).</li><li>Blume, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Barrier+responses+of+human+bronchial+epithelial+cells+to+grass+pollen+exposure.">Barrier responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to grass pollen exposure.</a> Eur. Respir. J. , (2012).</li><li>Bauer, R. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influenza+enhances+caspase-1+in+bronchial+epithelial+cells+from+asthmatic+volunteers+and+is+associated+with+pathogenesis.">Influenza enhances caspase-1 in bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatic volunteers and is associated with pathogenesis.</a> J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 130, 958-967 (2012).</li><li>Ostrowski, L. E., Stewart, D., Hazucha, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interferon+gamma+stimulates+accumulation+of+gas+phase+nitric+oxide+in+differentiated+cultures+of+normal+and+cystic+fibrosis+airway+epithelial+cells.">Interferon gamma stimulates accumulation of gas phase nitric oxide in differentiated cultures of normal and cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells.</a> Lung. 190, 563-571 (2012).</li><li>Jardim, M. J., Fry, R. C., Jaspers, I., Dailey, L., Diaz-Sanchez, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Disruption+of+microRNA+expression+in+human+airway+cells+by+diesel+exhaust+particles+is+linked+to+tumorigenesis-associated+pathways.">Disruption of microRNA expression in human airway cells by diesel exhaust particles is linked to tumorigenesis-associated pathways.</a> Environ. Health Perspect. 117, 1745-1751 (2009).</li><li>Horvath, K. M., Brighton, L. E., Herbst, M., Noah, T. L., Jaspers, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Live+Attenuated+Influenza+Virus+(LAIV)+induces+different+mucosal+T+cell+function+in+nonsmokers+and+smokers.">Live Attenuated Influenza Virus (LAIV) induces different mucosal T cell function in nonsmokers and smokers.</a> Clin. Immunol. 142, 232-236 (2012).</li><li>Horvath, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nasal+lavage+natural+killer+cell+function+is+suppressed+in+smokers+after+live+attenuated+influenza+virus.">Nasal lavage natural killer cell function is suppressed in smokers after live attenuated influenza virus.</a> Respir. Res. 12, 102 (2011).</li><li>Noah, T. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tobacco+smoke+exposure+and+altered+nasal+responses+to+live+attenuated+influenza+virus.">Tobacco smoke exposure and altered nasal responses to live attenuated influenza virus.</a> Environ. Health Perspect. 119, 78-83 (2011).</li></ol>

Respiratory ECs giver ikke kun en fysisk barriere for at beskytte den menneskelige krop fra eksogene stimuli 20, men også fungere som et omstillingsbord til at iværksætte og regulere respiratoriske immunforsvar respons 1-3 via sekretion af opløselige mediatorer eller direkte receptor-ligand celle-celle interaktioner. For yderligere at undersøge den rolle, ECS immunrespons, at undersøge potentielle forskelle blandt ECS fra syge befolkninger eller for at studere virkningerne af udefrakommende s...

Mål af teknikken Epitelceller (ECS) i luftvejene er blandt de første steder, der skal direkte udsat for inhalerede miljømæssige stressfaktorer, såsom patogener, allergener eller luftforurenende stoffer. ECS mere end en strukturel barriere: De fungerer som et omstillingsbord til at initiere og regulere immunrespons respiratoriske 1-3 via frigivelse af opløselige mediatorer 4-6 og ekspression af ligander / receptorer på deres overflad 7-9. Mens immortaliserede cellelinjer kan anvendes som modeller til at studere respiratorisk EC&#39;er in vitro, de undlader at differentiere i heterogene cellepopulationer sammensat af polariseret cilierede og slim-producerende celler, svarende til hvad der observeres in vivo. Sammenfattende vigtige egenskaber i luftvejene epitel observeret in vivo kan de primære luftvejs EC&#39;er anvendes. Derfor er vores mål var at optimere vores metode udnytter nasal ECs (NEC) opnået fra frivillige. De nationale Europass-centre udvides og dyrket in vitro, hvilket giver en cellekultur model for differentierede nationale emissionslofter som efterligner mange af funktionerne i næseepitelet set in vivo. Grundlag Brugen af in vitro-modeller med humane primære ECs efterligner in vivo-situationen - som beskrevet i denne undersøgelse - giver enestående muligheder for at studere sygdomsspecifikke forskelle hos ECS, fysiologiske parametre forbundet med luftvejsepitel, eller interaktionerne mellem ECS og andre celletyper, såsom dendritiske celle 10, naturlige dræberceller 11 eller makrofager. Adskillige eksisterende metoder udnytter bronchiale ECS der kan opnås invasivt via børste biopsier under bronchoscopies, eller fra andet kasseret lungevæv 12-17. Derudover findes der kommercielle kilder for at opnå fuldt differentierede humane luftveje epitelcellekulturer (EpiAirway model fra Mattek, Ashland, MA, Cloneticsfra Lonza, Basel, Schweiz, MucilAir fra Epithelix Sars, Genève Schweiz), hvor efterforskere kan vælge mellem forskellige donorer. Men på grund af den begrænsede pulje af kommercielt tilgængelige epitelceller begrænsede eller ordineret sæt parametre, omkostningerne forbundet med kommercielt opnå primære humane luftveje ECS og den begrænsede adgang til kasserede lungevæv eller frisk opnåede human bronkial biopsi væv, forbyde mange efterforskere fra at foretage undersøgelser i fuldt differentierede humane luftveje ECS. Derfor er vi i gang med at udvikle en teknik, der vil 1) anvende non-invasivt opnåede menneskelige NEC, 2) give en protokol giver kulturer differentierede humane luftvejsepitel, og 3) kunne reproduceres i de fleste lab indstillinger med en eksisterende vævskultur infrastruktur. Fordele i forhold til eksisterende teknikker / modeller Indhentning friske nationale Europass-centre, i forhold til bronkial eller små luftveje ECS er langt mindre invasive, individuels kan biopsi flere gange med ingen væsentlige bivirkninger, og overfladiske nasale skrab biopsier kan udføres i syge befolkningsgrupper, som ellers ikke ville kvalificere sig til forskningsrelaterede bronchoscopies. Noninvasive overfladiske skrab biopsier for at opnå NEC&#39;erne tillade investigator at indstille donor specifikation a priori, herunder alder, køn, status sygdom, osv. i overensstemmelse med det mål, forskning, der skal udføres. Således, når designe forskningsundersøgelser efterforskere er ikke begrænset af klinisk tilgængelige væv / epiteliale prøve, købe dyre differentierede cellekulturmodeller fra kommercielle leverandører eller design invasive bronkoskopi studier. Desuden lethed at opnå NEC&#39;erne øger evnen til at udføre eksperimenter i celler fra forskellige donorer, som øger statistisk validering af observerede resultater. Endelig næsen er et af de første steder at blive udsat for nogen form for luftbårne stressfaktorer. Således genererer organotypisk ivitro dyrkningssystemer efterligner næseepitelet er anvendelige til at studere inhalation af viruspartikler, forurenende stoffer, allergikere, eller gasser, som let kan opnås ved hjælp af denne cellekultursystem.

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Name of the reagent</td>
 <td>Company</td>
 <td>Catalogue number</td>
 <td>Comments (optional)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Nasal speculum</td>
 <td>Welch Allyn</td>
 <td>Model 22009</td>
 <td>9 mm, reusable polyproylene</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Operating otoscope</td>
 <td>Welch Allyn</td>
 <td>Model 21700</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Rhino probe cell cuvette</td>
 <td>Arlington Scientific</td>
 <td>SY-96-092</td>
 <td>bend the head of the cuvette a little more</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>12-well culture plates</td>
 <td>Corning</td>
 <td>3512</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Transwell membrane cell culture inserts</td>
 <td>Corning</td>
 <td>3460</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Tissue culture flask </td>
 <td>Corning</td>
 <td>430639 and 430641</td>
 <td>T25 and T75 vented flask</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>RPMI 1640 media (with L-Glutamine)</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>11875</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Bronchial/Tracheal Epithelial Cell Growth Medium</td>
 <td>Cell applications</td>
 <td>511-500</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>BEGM Bronchial Epithelial Cell Growth Medium</td>
 <td>Lonza</td>
 <td>CC-3170</td>
 <td>This comes as a kit of one bottle of medium and vials with supplements.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sodium Bicarbonate 7.5% solution</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>25080</td>
 <td>Use as it is.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>NuSerum</td>
 <td>BD Biosciences</td>
 <td>355104</td>
 <td>Use as it is.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>BAMBANKER freezing media</td>
 <td>BAMBANKER</td>
 <td>302-14681</td>
 <td>Use as it is.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>CoolCell </td>
 <td>Biocision</td>
 <td>HTBCS-136</td>
 <td>(CryoPrep alcohol-free cell freezing container)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PureCol</td>
 <td>AdvancedBioMatrix</td>
 <td>5005-B</td>
 <td>dilute 1:100 with sterile water (should be roughly 0.03 mg/ml)use 500 &mu;l/well of a 12-well plate</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>HBSS with Ca2 and Mg2+</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>14025</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>DNAse 1</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>DN25</td>
 <td>Dissolve at 1.5 mg/ml, which is a 100x solution, add 10 &mu;l to each ml of media</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Trypsin, 0.25%, 1x, with phenol red</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>25200-056</td>
 <td>Use at it is</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Soy Bean Trypsin Inhibitor (SBTI)</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>T6522</td>
 <td>Use dissolved in HBSS at a concentration of 1 mg/ml</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Retinoic acid</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>R7632</td>
 <td>Make it up 100 &mu;M stock solution (see below), dilute to 10 &mu;M with absolute alcohol, take 5 &mu;l of this and add it to 1 ml BEGM media (our working solution). 
 
 All-trans Retinol has a coefficient of extinction of 52,480 in ethanol at 325 nm. Dissolve 25 mg in 50 ml absolute ethanol. Serial dilutions need to be made, dilute 50 ml of stock in 450 ml absolute ethanol, take 50 ml of this, dilute in 450 ml absolute ethanol, take 50 ml of this, dilute in 450 ml absolute ethanol, and again take 50 ml of this, dilute in 450 ml absolute Ethanol, take 100 ml of this and dilute in 900 ml absolute ethanol and read in the spectrophotometer at 325 nm, this number is then multiplied by its' dilution factor, then divided by the extinction coefficient of 52,480, this will give a number in mM. Make a 100 mM stock (store at -20 &deg;C) and from this stock a 10 mM aliquot is made, the daily retinoic acid needed would be 5 ml of this 10 mM aliquot in 995 ml ALI media.
 Example: 325nm reading is 1.15. 1.15 x 10,000 (dilution factor) / 52,480 = 0.219 = 219 mM, make a 100 mM stock from this, in absolute ethanol.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>DMEM high glucose (1x), liquid, with L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>11995</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Bovine Pituitary Extract</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>13028-014</td>
 <td>Used for BEGM ALI media.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Nystatin</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>N4014-50 mg</td>
 <td>Make up a solution of 3.3 mg/ml.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Bovine Serum Albumin</td>
 <td>Fisher Scientific</td>
 <td>BP1600-100</td>
 <td>Make up a solution of 10 mg/ml solution in milliQ water.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PneumaCult-ALI media</td>
 <td>StemCell</td>
 <td>5001</td>
 <td>This comes as a kit of one bottle of medium and vials with supplements. For details see below.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hydrocortisone </td>
 <td>StemCell</td>
 <td>7904</td>
 <td>Dissolve 2.4 mg hydrocortisone in 1 ml ddH2O (used to make the 200x Hydrocortisone stock solution)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Heparin Sodium Salt in PBS (2 mg/ml)</td>
 <td>StemCell</td>
 <td>7980</td>
 <td>Use at it is. </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Filter flasks (500 ml)</td>
 <td>Corning</td>
 <td>431097</td>
 <td>0.22 &mu;m pore size</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Filter tubes (50 ml)</td>
 <td>Millipore</td>
 <td>SCGP00525</td>
 <td>Steriflip, 0.22 &mu;m pore size</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Pipette tips - ART Barrier Tips</td>
 <td>Molecular Bioproducts</td>
 <td>2139RI, 2069RI, 2179RI</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Conical tubes, sterile, 15 ml and 50 ml</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>ddH2O, absolute ethanol, ice</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>CO2 incubator</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>refrigerated centrifuge</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>biological safety cabinet</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>pipettes (p2, p200, p1000), 9 in glass pipettes</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>gloves</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>lab coat with tight cuffs</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td>
 <table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Media and solutions used:</td>
 <td>Recipe</td>
 <td>Used for</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td colspan="3">General remark: always warm the media to room temperature</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="2">BEGM media</td>
 <td><ul><li> 500 ml BEGM Cell Application media with one aliquot of retinoic acid</li></ul> </td>
 <td>(mix them half-half and filter )</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 500 ml BEGM Lonza media with one aliquot of single quot supplements </li></ul></td>
 <td><ul><li> digestion of the biopsy</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="3">BEGM+ media</td>
 <td><ul><li> 50 ml BEGM media </li></ul></td>
 <td><ul><li> maintaining cells on plastic in the plates (passage0) </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 10 &mu;l retinoic acid (working solution)</li></ul> </td>
 <td><ul><li> seeding cells in the flask (passage1; partially)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td></td>
 <td><ul><li> maintain the cells in the flask </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="3">BEGM++ media</td>
 <td><ul><li> 50 ml Lonza's BEGM media with supplements</li></ul> </td>
 <td><ul><li> seeding fresh cells in 12-well plate on plastic</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 1 ml Sodium BiCarb</li></ul> </td>
 <td><ul><li> maintaining cells in the plates on plastic (passage0; only partially)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 2.5 ml NuSerum</li></ul> </td>
 <td><ul><li> seeding cells in the flask (passage1; partially)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="5">BEGM ALI media</td>
 <td><ul><li> 250 ml DMEM-H </li></ul></td>
 <td rowspan="5"><ul><li> Maintaining cells on the transwell before they go ALI</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 250 ml BEGM including supplements</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 2 ml Bovine Pituitary Extract (12.5 mg/ml solution)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 1 ml Nystatin (3.3 mg/ml solution)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 75 &mu;l BSA (10 mg/ml solution)</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="5">200X Hydrocortisone Stock Solution (96 &mu;l/ml solution)</td>
 <td><ul><li> 200 &mu;l dissolved hydrocortisone</li></ul> </td>
 <td rowspan="5"><ul><li> As a supplement to the PneumaCult-ALI Complete Base Medium for the last day in the flask and when cells are on inserts</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 4250 &mu;l dissolved sodium chloride </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 540 &mu;l ddH2O</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 10 &mu;l absolute ethanol</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Filter solution through 0.22 &mu;m filter, aliquot solution and store at -20 &deg;C, avoid additional freeze/thaw cycles</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="3">PneumaCult-ALI Complete Base Media</td>
 <td><ul><li> 450 ml PneumaCult-ALI Basal Medium</li></ul> </td>
 <td><ul><li> Base medium for all three PneumaCult-ALI media </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 50 ml PneumaCult 10x Supplement </li></ul></td>
 <td><ul><li> The PneumaCult media is light sensitive, thus always keep it in the dark</li></ul> </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>(this is stable for 2 weeks at 2-8 &deg;C or for up to 6 months at -20 &deg;C)</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td rowspan="4">PneumaCult-ALI Maintenance Medium</td>
 <td>Per 1 ml of PneumaCult-ALI Complete Base Medium add:</td>
 <td rowspan="4">ALI culture on inserts</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 10 &mu;l PneumaCult 100x Maintenance Supplement </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 2 &mu;l Heparin (of a 2 mg/ml stock solution) </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><ul><li> 5 &mu;l Hydrocortisone (of a 96 &mu;l/ml stock solution) </li></ul></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

culturing of human nasal epithelial cells at the air liquid interface

In vitro modeller med humane primære epitelceller er afgørende i forståelsen nøglefunktioner i åndedrætsorganerne epitel i forbindelse med mikrobielle infektioner eller inhalerede agenter. Direkte sammenligninger af celler opnået fra syge befolkninger giver os mulighed for at karakterisere forskellige fænotyper og dissekere de underliggende mekanismer medierende ændringer i epitelcelle funktion. Dyrkning epitelceller fra den menneskelige tracheobronchial region er veldokumenteret, men er begrænset af tilgængeligheden af ​​menneskelige lungevæv eller invasiv forbundet med at opnå de bronchiale børster biopsier. Nasal epitelceller opnås gennem langt mindre invasive overfladiske nasal skrab biopsier og fagene kan biopsi flere gange med ingen væsentlige bivirkninger. Derudover næsen er indgangen til luftvejene og derfor en af ​​de første steder at blive udsat for nogen form for luft-bårne stressfaktor, såsom mikrobielle midler, forurenende stoffer eller allergener. Kort fortalt nasale epitelceller opnået fra humane frivillige udvidet belagte vævskulturplader, og derefter overført til cellekultur skær. Efter at have nået konfluens, fortsætter cellerne med at blive dyrket ved luft-væske-grænsefladen (ALI), i flere uger, hvilket skaber mere fysiologisk relevante betingelser. Den ALI kultur tilstand bruger definerede medier, der fører til en differentieret epithel, som udviser morfologiske og funktionelle egenskaber svarende til den menneskelige næseepitelet, med både cilierede og slim producerende celler. Vævskultur skær med differentierede nasale epitelceller kan manipuleres i en række forskellige måder, afhængigt af de forskningsspørgsmål (behandling med farmakologiske midler, transduktion med lentivirusvektorer, udsættelse for gasser eller infektion med mikrobielle midler) og analyseret for mange forskellige endpoints, der spænder fra cellulære og molekylære veje, funktionel lmanges, morfologi, etc. In vitro modeller for differentierede humane nasale epitelceller vil sætte efterforskerne til at løse nye og vigtige forskningsresultater spørgsmål ved hjælp organotypiske eksperimentelle modeller, der i vid udstrækning efterligne næseepitelet in vivo.

NEC&#39;erne dyrket efter den her beskrevne protokol re-differentiere til en heterogen lag af EC&#39;er sammensat af cilierede og ikke-cilierede celler, som repræsenterer in vivo situation (figur 1). Nogle af de differentierede NEC&#39;erne slim producerer (celler farvning i blå bruge AB / PAS, figur 1B). Selv om den her præsenterede protokol er optimeret, kan differentiering varierer med hensyn til fordelingen af de samlede cellepopulationer (dvs. forskellige forho...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface at JoVE.com

Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface

Nasale epitelceller, opnået gennem overfladisk skrabe biopsi af frivillige, der er udvidet og overført til vævsdyrkningssystemer skær. Efter at have nået konfluens, dyrkes celler på luft væske-grænsefladen, hvilket gav kulturer af cilierede og ikke-cilierede celler. Differentierede nasale epitel cellekulturer give levedygtige eksperimentelle modeller til at studere det respiratoriske slimhinde.

Dyrkning af human Nasal epithelialceller på Air Liquid grænseflade

In vitro models using human primary  epithelial cells are essential in understanding key functions of the respiratory  epithelium in the context of ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

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A Graphical User Interface for Software-assisted Tracking of Protein Concentration in Dynamic Cellular Protrusions

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Nasal Potential Difference to Quantify Trans-epithelial Ion Transport in Mice

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