Name: gyroid nickel nanostructures from diblock copolymer supramolecules
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Vi erkjenner økonomisk støtte ved Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen.

En. Utarbeidelse og karakterisering av PS-b-P4VP (PDP) Komplekser med Double Gyroid morfologi <ol><li> Vei opp polystyren-blokk-poly (4-vinylpyridin) (PS-b-P4VP) og pentadecylphenol (PDP, M r = 304,51 g / mol). For å oppnå den gyroid morfologi, nøye velger mengden av PDP bør være (vektfraksjon av P4VP (PDP)-blokken (f P4VP (PDP)) bør være ca. 0,6 i henhold til fasediagrammet for lineære AB diblokk-kopolymerer). Vanligvis er 0,15 til 0,2 g av en...

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Supramolekylære komplekser er med hell brukes som forløpere for velordnet metall nanofoams. I denne metoden, er det avgjørende skritt for å skaffe deg riktig mal, dvs. en mal med gyroid morfologi. I fasediagrammet av blokk-kopolymerer på gyroid regionen er svært liten, og det er ganske vanskelig å målrette. Dette betyr at dersom konvensjonelle blokk-kopolymerer anvendes som utgangsmaterialer, har ganske utførlig syntese gjentas inntil den ønskede sammensetning, som gir opphav til den gyroid morfologi,...

Det finnes flere teknikker for utarbeidelse av metall nanofoams: dealloying 1-3, nærmer sol-gel 4,5, nanosmelting 6,7, og forbrenning syntese åtte. I dealloying prosessen, er utgangsmaterialet vanligvis en binær legering, eksempelvis en legering av sølv og gull. Jo mindre edelmetall, sølv i dette tilfellet, kan fjernes enten kjemisk eller elektrokjemisk resulterer i en unormal porøst gull-skum med nanosized leddbånd. I forbrenning syntese, er metall blandet med en energisk forløper som frigjør energi i løpet av sin nedbrytning og driver dannelsen av metall nanofoam åtte. Studier av den mekaniske oppførsel av metallskum tyder på at i uordnede arkitekturer påkjenninger ikke kan overføres effektivt fra ligament nanoskala til den generelle macroscale 9-11. Således velordnet metall nanofoams ventes å ha overlegne mekaniske egenskaper i forhold tiluordnede seg. Ideen representert her er å ansette blokkopolymerer som selv samler inn bestilte nanostrukturer som forløpere til metall nanofoams. Avhengig av sammensetningen av en blokk-kopolymer, det totale antall av monomerenheter og graden av frastøtning mellom de kjemisk forbundne blokker, vises forskjellige morfologier for eksempel: sfærisk, sylindrisk, lamellære, dobbelt gyroid, hexagonally perforert lamellær, og andre 12-14 . Videre kan polymer blokker bli degradert selektivt fører til nanoporøse materialer 15. De vanligste metodene er: ozonolyse 16-18, UV bestråling 19, reaktiv ion etsing 20-22, og oppløsning 23-26. De genererte porøse strukturer kan bli fylt igjen med forskjellige uorganiske materialer. Metalloksider (f.eks SiO 2, TiO 2) er vanligvis introdusert via sol-gel metode inn i malen kanalene 27-29. Electrochemical og electro plating blir ofte brukt for å deponere metall inn i eller på maler 30-33. Til slutt kan de gjenværende polymer fjernes fra polymer / uorganisk nanohybrid via pyrolyse 2, 34,35 oppløsning, UV-nedbrytning 28,29 osv. I vår tilnærming, starter vi fra en supra kompleks av polystyren-blokk-poly (4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) diblock copolymer og amfifil pentadecylphenol (PDP) molekyler. Dette komplekset er et resultat av hydrogenbinding mellom PDP-og pyridinringene (Figur 1a). Sammensetningen av startblokk-kopolymer og mengden av tilsatt PDP er valgt på en slik måte at de oppnådde system selv setter sammen i bikontinuerlig dobbelt gyroid morfologi med en PS-nettverk og en P4VP (PDP) matrise (Figur 1b). PDP-molekyler bli selektivt oppløst i etanol og P4VP kjedene kollaps på PS nettverk (Figur 1c). Deretter, ved hjelp av strømløs pletteringsmetode, er nikkel deponert i porene i malen (Fig. 1d). Etter fjerning av den resterende polymer via pyrolyse, er et ordnet gyroid nikkel nanofoam erholdt (figur 1e).

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>REAGENTS:</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PS-b-P4VP, CAS: 26222-40-2</td>
 <td>Polymer Source Inc.</td>
 <td>P9009-S4VP 
 P136-S4VP 
 P5462-S4VP 
 P3912-S4VP</td>
 <td>additional information are provided in a separate table</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PDP</td>
 <td>Aldrich</td>
 <td>P4402-100G-A</td>
 <td>recrystallized twice from petroleum ether</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>SnCl2</td>
 <td>Acros Organics</td>
 <td>196981000</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PdCl2</td>
 <td>Aldrich</td>
 <td>76050</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>NiSO4 x H2O</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>227676</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>lactic acid</td>
 <td>Aldrich</td>
 <td>W261106</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>citric acid trisodium salt</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>C3674</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>borane dimethyl amine complex</td>
 <td>Aldrich</td>
 <td>180238</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PS-b-P4VP catalogue number</td>
 <td>Mn (PS), g/mol</td>
 <td>Mn(P4VP), g/mol</td>
 <td>PDI</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>P9009-S4VP</td>
 <td>24000</td>
 <td>9500</td>
 <td>1.1</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>P136-S4VP</td>
 <td>31900</td>
 <td>13200</td>
 <td>1.08</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>P5462-S4VP</td>
 <td>37500</td>
 <td>16000</td>
 <td>1.3</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>P3912-S4VP</td>
 <td>41500</td>
 <td>17500</td>
 <td>1.07</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
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gyroid nickel nanostructures from diblock copolymer supramolecules

Nanoporøse metall skum har en unik kombinasjon av egenskaper - de er katalytisk aktivt, termisk og elektrisk ledende, og videre, har høy porøsitet, høy overflate-til-volum-og styrke-til-vekt-forhold. Dessverre, felles tilnærming for utarbeidelse av metalliske nanostrukturer gjengi materiale med svært uordnede arkitektur, noe som kan ha en negativ effekt på deres mekaniske egenskaper. Blokkopolymerer har muligheten til å selv montere inn bestilt nanostrukturer og kan brukes som maler for utarbeidelse av velordnet metall nanofoams. Her beskriver vi bruk av en blokk kopolymer basert supra kompleks - polystyren-block-poly (4-vinylpyridine) (pentadecylphenol) PS-b-P4VP (PDP) - som en forløper for velordnet nikkel nanofoam. De supramolekylære komplekser utviser en faseoppførsel lik konvensjonell blokkopolymerer og kan selv montere inn den bikontinuerlig gyroid morfologi viddh to PS nettverk er lagt inn i en P4VP (PDP) matrise. PDP kan være oppløst i etanol som fører til dannelsen av en porøs struktur som kan bli fylt igjen med metall. Ved hjelp av strømløs pletteringsteknikk, kan nikkel innføres i malens kanaler. Til slutt kan de gjenværende polymer fjernes via pyrolyse av polymeren / uorganisk nanohybrid resulterer i nanoporøse nikkelskum med invers gyroid morfologi.

Morfologi av supramolekylære komplekser PS-b-P4VP (PDP) x er undersøkt av TEM og SAXS figur 2a og 2b viser typiske gyroid mønstre av en representant supra kompleks:. Dobbel-wave og vogn-hjul mønstre som er kjent for å representere Anslagene gjennom (211) og (111) planet til den gyroid enhetscelle, henholdsvis. PS-blokk-domener vises lyse mens P4VP (PDP) x blokk domener virker mørke på grunn av jod-farging. Figur 2c viser det doble bølgemønster med en a...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Gyroid Nickel Nanostructures from Diblock Copolymer Supramolecules at JoVE.com

Gyroid Nickel Nanostructures from Diblock Copolymer Supramolecules

Gyroid Nickel nanostrukturer fra diblock copolymer Supramolecules

Denne artikkelen beskriver utarbeidelse av velordnet nikkel nanofoams via strømløs metall avlegging på nanoporøse maler hentet fra selv montert diblock copolymer basert supramolecules.

Nanoporous metal foams possess a unique combination of properties - they are catalytically active, thermally and electrically conductive, and furthermore, ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Nukleosidtrifosfater - Fra Synthesis til Biokjemisk karakterisering

The  traditional strategy for the introduction of chemical functionalities is the  use of solid-phase synthesis by appending suitably modified ...

Synthesis of Ligand-free CdS Nanoparticles within a Sulfur Copolymer Matrix

Syntese av ligand-fri CdS Nanopartikler i en Svovel Copolymer Matrix

Aliphatic ligands are typically used during the synthesis of nanoparticles to help mediate their growth in addition to operating as high-temperature ...

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions

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Anioniske polymerisering av en amfifil copolymer for forberedelse av blokk-kopolymer Miceller stabilisert av π-rc stabling Interactions

In this study, an amphiphilic copolymer that includes a core-forming block with phenyl groups was synthesized by living anionic polymerization of phenyl ...

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures

Fasett-til-fasett kobling av form-Anisotrop kolloidalt kadmium Chalcogenide nanostrukturer

Here, we describe a protocol that allows for shape-anisotropic cadmium chalcogenide nanocrystals (NCs), such as nanorods (NRs) and tetrapods (TPs), to be ...

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Syntese av Platinum-nikkel Nanowires og optimalisering for oksygen ytelse

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen ...

Chemical Precipitation Method for the Synthesis of Nb2O5 Modified Bulk Nickel Catalysts with High Specific Surface Area

Chemical Precipitation Method for the Synthesis of Nb2O5 Modified Bulk Nickel Catalysts with High Specific Surface Area

Kjemisk nedbør metoden for syntese av Nb2O5 endret Bulk nikkel katalysatorer med høy bestemt areal

We demonstrate a method for the synthesis of NixNb1-xO catalysts with sponge-like and fold-like nanostructures. By varying the Nb:Ni ratio, a series of ...

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Forberedelse og karakterisering av C60/Graphene Hybrid nanostrukturer

Physical thermal deposition in a high vacuum environment is a clean and controllable method for fabricating novel molecular nanostructures on graphene. We ...

Disentangling High Strength Copolymer Aramid Fibers to Enable the Determination of Their Mechanical Properties

Disentangling høy styrke Copolymer Aramid fibre å aktivere fastsettelse av sine mekaniske egenskaper

Traditionally, soft body armor has been made from poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. However, to ...

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Stabil DNA motiver og 1D 2D nanostrukturer konstruert fra små sirkulære DNA molekyler

This article presents a detailed protocol for synthesis of small circular DNA molecules, annealing of circular DNA motifs, and construction of 1D and 2D ...

Gene-therapy Inspired Polycation Coating for Protection of DNA Origami Nanostructures

Genterapi inspirert Polycation belegg for beskyttelse av DNA Origami nanostrukturer

DNA origami nanostructures hold an immense potential to be used for biological and medical applications. However, low-salt conditions and nucleases in ...