Name: primary orthotopic glioma xenografts recapitulate infiltrative growth and isocitrate dehydrogenase i mutation
Uploaded: 2014-01-14T13:45:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Primary Orthotopic Glioma Xenografts Recapitulate Infiltrative Growth and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase I Mutation at JoVE.com

Özellikle Vanderbilt Üniversitesi Tıp Merkezi'nde Moleküler Nöroşirürjik Doku Bankası için paha biçilmez araştırma materyalleri sağlayan hastalara borçluyuz. Doku Bankası'nı kuranlara, Reid C. Thompson MD'ye (baş araştırmacı), Cherryl Kinnard RN'ye (araştırma hemşiresi) ve Larry A. Pierce MS'e (yönetici) teşekkür ederiz. Histolojik hizmetler kısmen Vanderbilt Üniversitesi Tıp Merkezi (VUMC) Çeviri Patolojisi Paylaşılan Kaynağı (Vanderbilt-Ingram Kanser Merkezi'ne 5P30 CA068485 ödülü ile desteklenmektedir) tarafından gerçekleştirilmesiyle gerçeklenmiştir. Bu çalışma NINDS (1R21NS070139), Burroughs Wellcome Fonu ve VMC geliştirme fonlarından MKC'ye verilen hibelerle desteklenmiştir. MKC, Gazi İşleri Dairesi, Gaziler Sağlık İdaresi, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Ofisi, Biyomedikal Laboratuvarı Araştırma ve Geliştirme Bölümü tarafından 1 I01 BX000744-01 hibesi ile desteklenmektedir. İçerikler, Gazi İşleri Bakanlığı'nın veya Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hükümeti'nin görüşlerini temsil etmez.

1. Tümör Hücre Süspansiyonunun Hazırlanması
Not: Primer ortotopik glioma ksinograftlarının kurulması ve sürdürülmesi için hasta materyali ve hayvanların kullanımı için uygun kurumsal onaylar gereklidir. Vanderbilt Üniversitesi Tıp Merkezi'nde, tanı amaçlı gerekli olandan daha fazla resected tümör materyali, bir araştırma dokusu deposu için hasta onayı ile toplanır. Örnekler randomize 5 haneli REDcap veritabanı numarası ile etiketlenir ve hastaya ...

<ol>
	<li>Johnson, J. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Relationships+between+drug+activity+in+NCI+preclinical+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+models+and+early+clinical+trials.">Relationships between drug activity in NCI preclinical in vitro and in vivo models and early clinical trials.</a> Br. J. 84, 1424-1431 (2001).</li><li>Witt Hamer, D. e., C, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+genomic+profile+of+human+malignant+glioma+is+altered+early+in+primary+cell+culture+and+preserved+in+spheroids.">The genomic profile of human malignant glioma is altered early in primary cell culture and preserved in spheroids.</a> Oncogene. 27, 2091-2096 (2008).</li><li>Lee, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+stem+cells+derived+from+glioblastomas+cultured+in+bFGF+and+EGF+more+closely+mirror+the+phenotype+and+genotype+of+primary+tumors+than+do+serum-cultured+cell+lines.">Tumor stem cells derived from glioblastomas cultured in bFGF and EGF more closely mirror the phenotype and genotype of primary tumors than do serum-cultured cell lines.</a> Cancer Cell. 9, 391-403 (2006).</li><li>Pandita, A., Aldape, K. D., Zadeh, G., Guha, A., James, C. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contrasting+in+vivo+and+in+vitro+fates+of+glioblastoma+cell+subpopulations+with+amplified+EGFR.">Contrasting in vivo and in vitro fates of glioblastoma cell subpopulations with amplified EGFR.</a> Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 39, 29-36 (2004).</li><li>Daniel, V. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+primary+xenograft+model+of+small-cell+lung+cancer+reveals+irreversible+changes+in+gene+expression+imposed+by+culture+in+vitro.">A primary xenograft model of small-cell lung cancer reveals irreversible changes in gene expression imposed by culture in vitro.</a> Cancer Res. 69, 3364-3373 (2009).</li><li>Piaskowski, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glioma+cells+showing+IDH1+mutation+cannot+be+propagated+in+standard+cell+culture+conditions.">Glioma cells showing IDH1 mutation cannot be propagated in standard cell culture conditions.</a> Br. J. Cancer. 104, 968-970 (2011).</li><li>Vescovi, A. L., Galli, R., Reynolds, B. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Brain+tumour+stem+cells.">Brain tumour stem cells.</a> Nat. Rev. 6, 425-436 (2006).</li><li>Sasai, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Shh+pathway+activity+is+down-regulated+in+cultured+medulloblastoma+cells:+implications+for+preclinical+studies.">Shh pathway activity is down-regulated in cultured medulloblastoma cells: implications for preclinical studies.</a> Cancer Res. 66, 4215-4222 (2006).</li><li>Shu, Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+orthotopic+transplantation+of+fresh+surgical+specimen+preserves+CD133++tumor+cells+in+clinically+relevant+mouse+models+of+medulloblastoma+and+glioma.">Direct orthotopic transplantation of fresh surgical specimen preserves CD133+ tumor cells in clinically relevant mouse models of medulloblastoma and glioma.</a> Stem Cells. 26, 1414-1424 (2008).</li><li>Suggitt, M., Bibby, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=50+years+of+preclinical+anticancer+drug+screening:+empirical+to+target-driven+approaches.">50 years of preclinical anticancer drug screening: empirical to target-driven approaches.</a> Clin. Cancer Res. 11, 971-981 (2005).</li><li>Kerbel, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+tumor+xenografts+as+predictive+preclinical+models+for+anticancer+drug+activity+in+humans:+better+than+commonly+perceived-but+they+can+be+improved.">Human tumor xenografts as predictive preclinical models for anticancer drug activity in humans: better than commonly perceived-but they can be improved.</a> Cancer Biol. Ther. 2, 134-139 (2003).</li><li>Park, C. Y., Tseng, D., Weissman, I. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cancer+stem+cell-directed+therapies:+recent+data+from+the+laboratory+and+clinic.">Cancer stem cell-directed therapies: recent data from the laboratory and clinic.</a> Mol. Ther. 17, 219-230 (2009).</li><li>Carlson, B. L., Pokorny, J. L., Schroeder, M. A., Sarkaria, J. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment,+maintenance+and+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+applications+of+primary+human+glioblastoma+multiforme+(GBM)+xenograft+models+for+translational+biology+studies+and+drug+discovery.">Establishment, maintenance and in vitro and in vivo applications of primary human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) xenograft models for translational biology studies and drug discovery.</a> Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. Chapter. 14, (2011).</li><li>Hambardzumyan, D., Parada, L. F., Holland, E. C., Charest, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+modeling+of+gliomas+in+mice:+new+tools+to+tackle+old+problems.">Genetic modeling of gliomas in mice: new tools to tackle old problems.</a> Glia. 59, 1155-1168 (2011).</li><li>Sarangi, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeted+inhibition+of+the+Hedgehog+pathway+in+established+malignant+glioma+xenografts+enhances+survival.">Targeted inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway in established malignant glioma xenografts enhances survival.</a> Oncogene. 28, 3468-3476 (2009).</li><li>Valadez, J. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+Hedgehog+pathway+responsive+glioblastomas+by+isocitrate+dehydrogenase+mutation.">Identification of Hedgehog pathway responsive glioblastomas by isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation.</a> Cancer Lett. 328, 297-306 (2013).</li><li>Bar, E. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cyclopamine-mediated+hedgehog+pathway+inhibition+depletes+stem-like+cancer+cells+in+glioblastoma.">Cyclopamine-mediated hedgehog pathway inhibition depletes stem-like cancer cells in glioblastoma.</a> Stem Cells. 25, 2524-2533 (2007).</li><li>Ehtesham, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ligand-dependent+activation+of+the+hedgehog+pathway+in+glioma+progenitor+cells.">Ligand-dependent activation of the hedgehog pathway in glioma progenitor cells.</a> Oncogene. 26, 5752-5761 (2007).</li><li>Kelly, J. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oligodendroglioma+cell+lines+containing+t(1;19)(q10;p10.">Oligodendroglioma cell lines containing t(1;19)(q10;p10.</a> Neuro-oncology. 12, 745-755 (2010).</li><li>Quintana, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+tumour+formation+by+single+human+melanoma+cells.">Efficient tumour formation by single human melanoma cells.</a> Nature. 456, 593-598 (2008).</li><li>Shultz, L. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+lymphoid+and+myeloid+cell+development+in+NOD/LtSz-scid+IL2R+gamma+null+mice+engrafted+with+mobilized+human+hemopoietic+stem+cells.">Human lymphoid and myeloid cell development in NOD/LtSz-scid IL2R gamma null mice engrafted with mobilized human hemopoietic stem cells.</a> J. Immunol. 174, 6477-6489 (2005).</li><li>Singh, S. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+human+brain+tumour+initiating+cells.">Identification of human brain tumour initiating cells.</a> Nature. 432, 396-401 (2004).</li></ol>

Kültürlü hücre hatları, ksinograftlar ve genetik olarak tasarlanmış fareler gliomaları modellemek için en yaygın yöntemlerdir ve her model sistemi için farklı faydalar ve sınırlamalar vardır3,13,14. Primer ortotopik glioma ksinograftlarının ilgili faydaları arasında yaygın gliomaları tipleyen infiltratif büyüme ve genetik değişikliklerin tutulması ve kültürlü glioma hücrelerinde bakımı son derece zor olabilecek önemli sinyal mekanizmaları sayılabilir. Örneğin, iso...

Malign gliomalar, beyinde ve bazen omurilikte meydana gelen merkezi sinir sisteminin primer glial tümörleridir. Gliomalar Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından astrositlere, oligodendrositlere veya ependymal hücrelere histolojik benzerliğe göre sınıflandırılır ve daha sonra malignitenin patolojik özellikleri için sayısal olarak (I ila IV) derecelendirilir. En sık görülen histolojik alt tipler astrositomlar, oligodendrogliomalar ve karışık oligoastrositomlardır. WHO'nun II ila IV sınıflarını kapsayan malign gliomalar invaziv büyüme ve mevcut tedavilere yeniden hesaplama ile karakterizedir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde her yıl yaklaşık 15.750 kişiye malign glioma tanısı konulmaktadır ve tahmini 12.740 hasta bu hastalığa yenik düşmektedir. Bu istatistikler, malign gliomaların özellikle ölümcül doğasını ve gelişmiş terapötik etkinlik için önemli ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır.
Kanser modelleri tümör biyolojisi ve tedavilerinin araştırılması için gereklidir. İnsan kanser hücre hatları in vitro manipülasyonlar ve in vivo ksinografting çalışmaları (ikincil ksinograftlar) için önemli bir ilk adımı temsil eder1. Bununla birlikte, standart kanser hücre kültürleri, ikincil ksinograftlarda geri yüklenemeyen fenotipik ve genotipik dönüşüm2-4'e tabidir5. Ayrıca kanser hücre kültürlerinde izoitrat dehidrogenaz(IDH)mutasyonları6, farklı kök hücre popülasyonları7 ve anahtar sinyal yollarına bağımlılık8 gibi genetik değişiklikler kaybedilebilir. Genomik profiller kanser küre kültüründe daha iyi ölçüde korunabilir, ancak yine de primer tümörlerin genotipini tam olarak yansıtamaz2,3. Doğrudan ortotopik transplantasyon in vitro kültürün etkilerini olumsuzlar, uygun bir mikroçevrme sağlar ve tümör başlatan hücrelerin bütünlüğünü korur9,10. Bu nedenle, birincil ksinograftlar, gelecekteki klinik çalışmaların rasyonel tasarımına yardımcı olmak için hedeflenen ajanları titizlikle test etmek için güçlü ve ilgili bir preklinik modeli temsil eder5,11,12.

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Phosphate buffered saline
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Life Technologies
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			14040-133
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Papain dissociation system
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Worthington Biochemical Corp.
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			LK003150
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Trypan blue solution 0.4%
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Life Technologies
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			15250061
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Ketamine HCl
			</td>
			<td rowspan="4" style="width:142px;">
			Obtained from institutional pharmacy or local veterinary supply company
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Xylazine HCl
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Ketoprofen
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Ophthalmic ointment
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Povidone-iodine
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			190061617
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Cryopreservation medium and proliferation supplement
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			StemCell Technologies
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			05751
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			0.2% Heparin sodium salt in PBS
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			StemCell Technologies
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			07980
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Penicillin-streptomycin
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Life Technologies
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			15140-122
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Dimethyl sulfoxide
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Sigma-Aldrich
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			D6250-5X10ML
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid I/2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			The Jackson Laboratory
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			005557
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			NSG mice
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Anti-human vimentin antibody
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Dako
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			M7020
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			Use 1:200 to 1:800
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:211px;">
			Anti-human IDH1 R132H antibody
			</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">
			Dianova
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			DIA-H09
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			Use 1:100 to 1:400
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>




<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Material 
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Company
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			Catalogue Number
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			Comments
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Centrifuge with swinging bucket rotor
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Pipetter with dispensing speed control
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Disposable hemocytometer
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			22-600-100
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Sterile surgical gloves
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			11-388128
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Disposable gown
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			18-567
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Surgical mask
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			19-120-1256
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Tuberculin syringe
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			BD
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			305620
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Alcohol pads
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			22-246-073
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Portable electronic scale
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			01-919-33
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Zoom stereomicroscope
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Surgical clipper
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Stoelting
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			51465
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Scalpel handle
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fine Science Tools
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			10003-12
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Scalpel blades, #10
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Stereotaxic instrument
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Stoelting
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			51730
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			High-speed drill
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Stoelting
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			51449
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">Drill bit, 0.6 mm</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">Stoelting</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">514552</td>
			<td style="width:97px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Hamilton syringe
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Hamilton
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			80336
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Autoclip, 9 mm
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			BD
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			427630
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Circulating water warming pad
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Kent Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			TP-700
			TP-1215EA
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Hot bead dry sterilizer
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Kent Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			INS300850
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Surgical scissors
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fine Science Tools
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			14101-14
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Fine scissors
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fine Science Tools
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			14094-11
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Spring scissors
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fine Science Tools
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			15018-10
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Dumont forceps
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fine Science Tools
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			11251-30
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Semimicro spatulas
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			14374
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Mouse brain slicer matrix
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Zivic Instruments
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			BSMAS002-1
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="width:210px;">
			Cryogenic storage vials
			</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">
			Fisher Scientific
			</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">
			12-567-501
			</td>
			<td style="width:97px;">
			
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

primary orthotopic glioma xenografts recapitulate infiltrative growth and isocitrate dehydrogenase i mutation

Malign gliomalar, farklı klinik ve moleküler özelliklere sahip heterojen bir yüksek infiltive glial neoplazm grubunu oluşturur. Primer ortotopik ksinograftlar preklinik hayvan modellerinde malign glioma alt tiplerinin histopatolojik ve moleküler özelliklerini rekapitulate eder. Transplantasyon tahlillerinde WHO sınıf III ve IV malign gliomaları modellemek için, insan tümör hücreleri immün sistemi baskılanmış farelerin ortotopik bölgesine, yani beyne ksinografize edilir. Kültürlü tümör hücrelerini kullanan ikincil ksinograftların aksine, insan glioma hücreleri resected örneklerden ayrıştırılır ve birincil ksinograftlar oluşturmak için doku kültüründe önceden geçiş olmadan nakledilür. Bu rapordaki prosedür, tümör numunesi hazırlama, bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış farelere intrakraniyal transplantasyon, tümör engraftmentinin izlenmesi ve alıcı hayvanlara veya analize sonraki geçiş için tümör hasadını detaylandırmamaktadır. Tümör hücre hazırlama 2 saat, cerrahi işlem ise 20 dk/hayvan gerektirir.

Dissosiyatif glioma hücreleri, primer ortotopik ksinograft çizgileri elde etmek için doğrudan bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış farelerin beyinlerine nakledilir. Her tümör örneğine, korunan sağlık bilgilerini kaldırmak için deidentifikasyon sürecinin bir parçası olarak transplantasyondan önce randomize bir sayı atanır. Bu amaçla 5 haneli bir REDcap veritabanı numarası kullanıyoruz. Şekil 1' de, izosirat dehidrogenaz 1 (IDH1) mutasyon arginin 132'den histidin'e (R132H) sahip bi...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Primary Orthotopic Glioma Xenografts Recapitulate Infiltrative Growth and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase I Mutation at JoVE.com

Primary Orthotopic Glioma Xenografts Recapitulate Infiltrative Growth and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase I Mutation

Malign gliomalar, farklı klinik ve moleküler özelliklere sahip heterojen bir yüksek infiltive glial neoplazm grubunu oluşturur. Primer ortotopik ksinograftlar preklinik hayvan modellerinde malign glioma alt tiplerinin histopatolojik ve moleküler özelliklerini rekapitulate eder.

Primer Ortotopik Glioma Xenografts Infiltratif Büyüme ve İsocitrat Dehidrogenaz I Mutasyonu Rekapitulate

Malignant gliomas constitute a heterogeneous group of highly infiltrative glial neoplasms with distinct clinical and molecular features. Primary ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer

Murin Mesane Kanseri bir Ortotopik Model

In this straightforward procedure, bladder tumors are established in female C57 mice through the use of catheterization, local cauterization, and ...

Orthotopic Small Bowel Transplantation in Rats

Sıçanlarda Ortotopik Küçük Bağırsak Nakli

Small  bowel transplantation has become an accepted clinical option for patients with  short gut syndrome and failure of parenteral nutrition ...

Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Rats

Sıçanlarda Ortotopik Karaciğer Nakli

Clinical progress in the field of liver transplantation has been largely supported by animal models1,2. Since the publication of the first orthotopic rat ...

Imaging Glioma Initiation In Vivo Through a Polished and Reinforced Thin-skull Cranial Window

Imaging Glioma Initiation In Vivo Through a Polished and Reinforced Thin-skull Cranial Window

Görüntüleme Glioma Başlatma<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; Bir Parlak ve Takviyeli İnce kafatası Kranial Pencere arkası

Glioma is the one of the most lethal forms of human cancer. The most effective glioma therapy to date-surgery followed by radiation treatment-offers ...

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Rahim içi Büyüme Kısıtlama bir Tavşan Modelinde Fetal Ekokardiyografi ve Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrason

Fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal cardiac function that is apparent antenatally due to advances in fetoplacental Doppler ...

Bioluminescent Orthotopic Model of Pancreatic Cancer Progression

Pankreas Kanseri İlerleme Bioluminescent Ortotopik Model

Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor five-year survival rate of 4-6%.  New therapeutic options are critically needed and depend on improved ...

Generation of Subcutaneous and Intrahepatic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice

Bağışıklık yetersizliği olan farelere subkutan olarak ve intrahepatik insan hepatoselüler karsinoma ksenograftlarının Üretimi

In  vivo experimental models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that recapitulate  the human disease provide a valuable platform for research into disease  ...

Minimally Invasive Establishment of Murine Orthotopic Bladder Xenografts

Kemirgen Ortotopik Mesane ksenogratflarının Minimal İnvaziv kurulması

Orthotopic bladder cancer xenografts are the gold standard to study molecular cellular manipulations and new therapeutic agents&#160;in vivo. Suitable ...

Orthotopic Injection of Breast Cancer Cells into the Mammary Fat Pad of Mice to Study Tumor Growth.

Farelerin Meme Fat Pad içine Meme Kanseri Hücreleri Ortotopik Enjeksiyon Tümör Büyüme Eğitim için.

Breast cancer growth can be studied in mice using a plethora of models. Genetic manipulation of breast cancer cells may provide insights into the ...

Creating Anatomically Accurate and Reproducible Intracranial Xenografts of Human Brain Tumors

Oluşturma Anatomik Doğru ve İnsan Beyin Tümörleri Reproducible İntrakraniyal Ksenograftlar

Orthotopic tumor models are currently the best way to study the characteristics of a tumor type, with and without intervention, in the context of a live ...