Name: echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in mice
Uploaded: 2013-11-27T21:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice Video at JoVE.com

1。设备准备<ol><li>检查超声换能器的缺陷。根据所使用的设备上，这一步可能是不必要的。 <ol><li>如果气泡被观察到，除去位于右侧的换能器头的螺钉，并且通过用26号针头的孔中添加无菌水。换能器头内的气泡是常见的。他们会阻碍收购质量的图像。 </li><li>检查膜覆盖探测是否有泄漏或孔。必要时进行更换。 </li></ol></li><li>打开软件并初始化探头。 <ol><li>从下拉菜单中选择心脏包，以及适当?...

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	<li>Urboniene, D., Haber, I., Fang, Y. H., Thenappan, T., Archer, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Validation+of+high-resolution+echocardiography+and+magnetic+resonance+imaging+vs.+high-fidelity+catheterization+in+experimental+pulmonary+hypertension.">Validation of high-resolution echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging vs. high-fidelity catheterization in experimental pulmonary hypertension.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 299, 401-412 (2010).</li><li>Rottman, J. 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Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 24, 687-692 (2011).</li><li>Cheung, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Body+surface+area+prediction+in+normal,+hypermuscular,+and+obese+mice.">Body surface area prediction in normal, hypermuscular, and obese mice.</a> J. Surg. Res. 153, 326-331 (2009).</li><li>Patten, R. D., Hall-Porter, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small+animal+models+of+heart+failure:+development+of+novel+therapies,+past+and+present.">Small animal models of heart failure: development of novel therapies, past and present.</a> Circ. Heart Fail. 2, 138-144 (2009).</li><li>Baumgartner, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Echocardiographic+assessment+of+valve+stenosis:+EAE/ASE+recommendations+for+clinical+practice.">Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE recommendations for clinical practice.</a> J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 22, 1-23 (2009).</li><li>Arkles, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Shape+of+the+right+ventricular+Doppler+envelope+predicts+hemodynamics+and+right+heart+function+in+pulmonary+hypertension.">Shape of the right ventricular Doppler envelope predicts hemodynamics and right heart function in pulmonary hypertension.</a> Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 183, 268-276 (2011).</li><li>Wiesmann, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+right+ventricular+function+in+healthy+mice+and+a+murine+model+of+heart+failure+by+in+vivo+MRI.">Analysis of right ventricular function in healthy mice and a murine model of heart failure by in vivo MRI.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 283, 1065-1071 (2002).</li><li>West, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+potential+role+for+Insulin+resistance+in+experimental+pulmonary+hypertension.">A potential role for Insulin resistance in experimental pulmonary hypertension.</a> Eur. Respir. J. , (2012).</li><li>Johnson, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cytoskeletal+defects+in+Bmpr2-associated+pulmonary+arterial+hypertension.">Cytoskeletal defects in Bmpr2-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 302, L474-L484 (2012).</li><li>Johnson, J. A., West, J., Maynard, K. B., Hemnes, A. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ACE2+improves+right+ventricular+function+in+a+pressure+overload+model.">ACE2 improves right ventricular function in a pressure overload model.</a> PLoS One. 6, e20828 (2011).</li></ol>

小鼠模型中的疾病，无论是转基因或毒素相关的，需要的表型的验证，该模型实际上是概括了人类疾病它被用于仿真。此验证通常可以通过一个特定特征的存在或不存在来实现，对于肿瘤的例子发展。然而，导致血流动力学异常，如左心室肥厚或我们的转基因PAH的模型主动脉缩窄模型模型更难以验证。这些模型需要血液动力学或工具的任意终端测量到测量无创血流动力学异常和心脏功能。超声心?...

升高的肺动脉压和右心室（RV）功能障碍是肺血管疾病的动物模型和人类患者的肺动脉高压（PAH）的标志。 PAH的转基因和毒性（ 如野百合碱或缺氧）模型被广泛用于研究PAH的病理生理和调查潜在的治疗方法。定的费用和参与创建疾病的动物模型的时候，也有研究工具，以准确地评估疾病的表型的表达是至关重要的。 超声心动图是在啮齿类动物模型1,2心室功能的无创性评估的中流砥柱。超声心动图具有明显的翻译给人类在其中相同的工具用于的优势。此外，一些遗传模型表现出不完全外显3，无创识别受影响的动物的能力，节省了宝贵的时间和资源。 disea的无创性评估在不牺牲动物本身的严重程度也可以让研究人员连续调查研究治疗的效果。这一点尤其重要，因为快速性与平移疗法可进展为人体试验4,5。 在人类中，房车大小和肺动脉高压的超声心动图评价是由于胸骨位置和房车6的不规则形状特别具有挑战性。啮齿类动物模型具有体积小的附加挑战和极其快速的心脏速率（300〜700次/ min）。最近的进展包括更高的帧速率和更小的换能器具有改进的图像质量，在某些实验方案甚至允许有意识的成像，虽然大多数啮齿动物成像在麻醉下7,8完成。超声心动图在肺动脉高压大鼠模型的极好的实验方案进行了描述和验证对MRI和侵入血流动力学1,9。然而，超声心动图发布肺动脉高压小鼠模型的协议所缺乏的。 在这篇文章中，我们描述了一个协议，用于评估PAH的小鼠模型具有显性负突变BMPRII和肺动脉环缩后孤立右室后负荷模型房车和肺血管的功能，但是，这个协议适用于任何疾病的影响肺血管或心脏的权利。我们将介绍动物准备和房车的尺寸和功能以及主肺动脉（PA）的大小的详细的评估。我们还演示了估计每搏输出量和心输出量所需要的技术和计算。技术上的限制，排除肺动脉压精确的多普勒估计，但我们已经应用了经过验证的人代孕，肺动脉加速时间，估计PA的压力。

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echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in mice

转基因和肺动脉高压（PAH）的毒性模型被广泛用于研究PAH的病理生理和调查潜在的治疗方法。定的费用和参与创建疾病的动物模型的时候，也有研究工具，以准确地评估疾病的表型的表达是至关重要的。右心室功能不全是肺动脉高压的主要表现。超声心动图是在啮齿动物模型右心室功能的无创性评估的主体，有明确的翻译给人类在其中相同的工具用于的优势。肺动脉高压小鼠模型发布超声心动图协议所缺乏的。 在这篇文章中，我们描述了一个协议，用于评估RV和肺动脉高压的小鼠模型具有显性负突变BMPRII肺血管的功能，但是，这个协议适用于影响肺血管或心脏右任何疾病。我们提供动物制剂，图像采集和血液动力学计算每搏量，心输出量和肺动脉压力的估计值的详细说明。

该协议的主要目标是量化的RV大小和功能，并了解在何种程度上肺血管病变是。无论是鼠标和超声心动图设备适当的准备是必不可少的获得准确和可重复的结果。老鼠应该有自己的胸部脱毛和四肢固定在成像平台用胶带。麻醉，在这种情况下，异氟醚，经鼻锥给药。换能器应该检测的缺陷，特别是气泡，这可能会降低图像质量。获得心脏的优良品质四腔观是相当困难的小鼠所以使用胸骨旁短轴和?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice Video at JoVE.com

Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice Video (Video) | JoVE

本文提供了一个协议，右心室的大小和小鼠肺动脉高压的超声心动图评价。应用范围包括表型测定和序列评估转基因和心肌病和肺血管病变的毒素诱导的小鼠模型。

右心小鼠的超声心动图评价

Transgenic and toxic models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are widely used to study the pathophysiology of PAH and to investigate potential ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice

Magnetic Resonance Derived Myocardial Strain Assessment Using Feature Tracking 

Magnetic Resonance Derived Myocardial Strain Assessment Using Feature Tracking  Video (Video) | JoVE

磁共振衍生的心肌劳损评估使用特征跟踪

Purpose: An accurate and practical method to measure parameters like strain in myocardial tissue is of great clinical value, since it has been shown, that ...

科研

医学

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs

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心肌梗死和功能预后评估的猪

Introduction of newly discovered cardiovascular therapeutics into first-in-man trials depends on a strictly regulated ethical and legal roadmap. One ...

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

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慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压和右心室功能的仔猪评估

An original piglet model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) associated with chronic Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is described. ...

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice

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超声心动图方法和协议心脏瓣膜疾病的综合表型特征小鼠

The aim of this manuscript and accompanying video is to provide an overview of the methods and approaches used for imaging heart valve function in ...

Echocardiographic Measurement of Right Ventricular Diastolic Parameters in Mouse

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小鼠右心室舒张参数的超声心电图测量

Diastolic dysfunction is a prominent feature of right ventricular (RV) remodeling associated with conditions of pressure overload. However, the RV ...

Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization

Harvest of Endothelial Cells from the Balloon Tips of Swan-Ganz Catheters after Right Heart Catheterization Video (Video) | JoVE

右心导管插入术后天鹅管囊小贴中内皮细胞的提取

A variety of pathologies lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH), which is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure exceeding 25 mmHg at rest. To further ...

Assessment and Characterization of Hyaloid Vessels in Mice

Assessment and Characterization of Hyaloid Vessels in Mice Video (Video) | JoVE

小鼠透明血管的评估与表征

In the eye, the embryonic hyaloid vessels nourish the developing lens and retina and regress when the retinal vessels develop. Persistent or failed ...

Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination in the Rabbit Model

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兔子模型中的跨胸超声心动图检查

Large animal models such as the rabbit are valuable for translational preclinical research. Rabbits have a similar cardiac electrophysiology compared to ...

Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment for the Right Ventricular System and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice

Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment for the Right Ventricular System and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice Video (Video) | JoVE

小鼠右心室系统及缺氧诱发肺动脉高血压的侵入性血液动力学评估

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and severe cardiopulmonary disorder. Mice are a popular animal model used to mimic this disease. ...

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats Video (Video) | JoVE

成人大鼠心脏解剖与功能的超声心动图评估

The use of experimental animal models has become crucial in cardiovascular science. Most studies using rodent models are focused on two-dimensional ...