Name: assessing myogenic response and vasoactivity in resistance mesenteric arteries using pressure myography
Uploaded: 2015-07-06T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessing Myogenic Response and Vasoactivity In Resistance Mesenteric Arteries Using Pressure Myography at JoVE.com

Sandeep Khurana er støttet av NIH (K08DKO81479). Vikrant Rachakonda er støttet av (T32DK067872).

Eksemplene vist her er fra eksperimenter godkjent av IACUC ved Georgia Regents University - protokoll: # 2011-0408 1. Utarbeidelse av reagenser <ol><li> Forbered disseksjon løsning lager: For 500 ml lager disseksjon løsning (5x), oppløse 21,18 g NaCl, 0,875 g KCl, 0,739 g MgSO4, 1,049 g MOPS og 0,019 g EDTA i 450 ml Milli-Q vann. Juster pH til 7,3 til 7,4 ved anvendelse av 1 N NaOH. Gjør opp volumet til 500 ml med Milli-Q vann. Stamløsning kan lagres opp til 7-10 dager. Se ...

<ol>
	<li>Christensen, K. L., Mulvany, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Location+of+resistance+arteries.">Location of resistance arteries.</a> J Vasc Res. 38, 1-12 (2001).</li><li>Rietzschel, E. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxidized+low-density+lipoprotein+cholesterol+is+associated+with+decreases+in+cardiac+function+independent+of+vascular+alterations.">Oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with decreases in cardiac function independent of vascular alterations.</a> Hypertension. 52, 535-541 (2008).</li><li>Hill, M. A., Ege, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Active+and+passive+mechanical+properties+of+isolated+arterioles+from+STZ-induced+diabetic+rats.+Effect+of+aminoguanidine+treatment.">Active and passive mechanical properties of isolated arterioles from STZ-induced diabetic rats. Effect of aminoguanidine treatment.</a> Diabetes. 43, 1450-1456 (1994).</li><li>Osol, G., Cipolla, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interaction+of+myogenic+and+adrenergic+mechanisms+in+isolated,+pressurized+uterine+radial+arteries+from+late-pregnant+and+nonpregnant+rats.">Interaction of myogenic and adrenergic mechanisms in isolated, pressurized uterine radial arteries from late-pregnant and nonpregnant rats.</a> Am J Obstet Gynecol. 168, 697-705 (1993).</li><li>Cipolla, M. J., McCall, A. L., Lessov, N., Porter, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reperfusion+decreases+myogenic+reactivity+and+alters+middle+cerebral+artery+function+after+focal+cerebral+ischemia+in+rats.">Reperfusion decreases myogenic reactivity and alters middle cerebral artery function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.</a> Stroke. 28, 176-180 (1997).</li><li>Ren, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhanced+myogenic+response+in+the+afferent+arteriole+of+spontaneously+hypertensive+rats.">Enhanced myogenic response in the afferent arteriole of spontaneously hypertensive rats.</a> Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 298, H1769-H1775 (2010).</li><li>Hayashi, K., Epstein, M., Saruta, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Altered+myogenic+responsiveness+of+the+renal+microvasculature+in+experimental+hypertension.">Altered myogenic responsiveness of the renal microvasculature in experimental hypertension.</a> J Hypertens. 14, 1387-1401 (1996).</li><li>Schubert, R., Mulvany, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+myogenic+response:+established+facts+and+attractive+hypotheses.">The myogenic response: established facts and attractive hypotheses.</a> Clin Sci (Lond). 96, 313-326 (1999).</li><li>Bridges, L. E., Williams, C. L., Pointer, M. A., Awumey, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenteric+artery+contraction+and+relaxation+studies+using+automated+wire+myography.">Mesenteric artery contraction and relaxation studies using automated wire myography.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2011).</li><li>Buus, N. H., Vanbavel, E., Mulvany, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differences+in+Sensitivity+of+Rat+Mesenteric+Small+Arteries+to+Agonists+When+Studied+as+Ring+Preparations+or+as+Cannulated+Preparations.">Differences in Sensitivity of Rat Mesenteric Small Arteries to Agonists When Studied as Ring Preparations or as Cannulated Preparations.</a> British Journal of Pharmacology. 112, 579-587 (1994).</li><li>Falloon, B. J., Stephens, N., Tulip, J. R., Heagerty, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+small+artery+sensitivity+and+morphology+in+pressurized+and+wire-mounted+preparations.">Comparison of small artery sensitivity and morphology in pressurized and wire-mounted preparations.</a> Am J Physiol. 268, H670-H678 (1995).</li><li>Schubert, R., Wesselman, J. P. M., Nilsson, H., Mulvany, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Noradrenaline-induced+depolarization+is+smaller+in+isobaric+compared+to+isometric+preparations+of+rat+mesenteric+small+arteries.">Noradrenaline-induced depolarization is smaller in isobaric compared to isometric preparations of rat mesenteric small arteries.</a> Pflugers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology. 431, 794-796 (1996).</li><li>Khurana, S., Raina, H., Pappas, V., Raufman, J. P., Pallone, T. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+deoxycholylglycine,+a+conjugated+secondary+bile+acid,+on+myogenic+tone+and+agonist-induced+contraction+in+rat+resistance+arteries.">Effects of deoxycholylglycine, a conjugated secondary bile acid, on myogenic tone and agonist-induced contraction in rat resistance arteries.</a> PLoS One. 7, e32006 (2012).</li><li>Bayliss, W. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+local+reactions+of+the+arterial+wall+to+changes+of+internal+pressure.">On the local reactions of the arterial wall to changes of internal pressure.</a> J Physiol. 28, 220-231 (1902).</li><li>Hughes, J. M., Bund, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Arterial+myogenic+properties+of+the+spontaneously+hypertensive+rat.">Arterial myogenic properties of the spontaneously hypertensive rat.</a> Exp Physiol. 87, 527-534 (2002).</li><li>Mulvany, M. J., Halpern, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanical+properties+of+vascular+smooth+muscle+cells+in+situ.">Mechanical properties of vascular smooth muscle cells in situ.</a> Nature. 260, 617-619 (1976).</li><li>Raina, H., Zacharia, J., Li, M., Wier, W. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Activation+by+Ca2+/calmodulin+of+an+exogenous+myosin+light+chain+kinase+in+mouse+arteries.">Activation by Ca2+/calmodulin of an exogenous myosin light chain kinase in mouse arteries.</a> J Physiol. 587, 2599-2612 (2009).</li><li>Fenger-Gron, J., Mulvany, M. J., Christensen, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenteric+blood+pressure+profile+of+conscious,+freely+moving+rats.">Mesenteric blood pressure profile of conscious, freely moving rats.</a> J Physiol. 488 (Pt 3), 753-760 (1995).</li><li>Davis, M. J., Hill, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Signaling+mechanisms+underlying+the+vascular+myogenic+response).">Signaling mechanisms underlying the vascular myogenic response).</a> Physiol Rev. 79, 387-423 (1999).</li><li>Osmond, J. M., Mintz, J. D., Dalton, B., Stepp, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Obesity+increases+blood+pressure,+cerebral+vascular+remodeling,+and+severity+of+stroke+in+the+Zucker+rat.">Obesity increases blood pressure, cerebral vascular remodeling, and severity of stroke in the Zucker rat.</a> Hypertension. 53, 381-386 (2009).</li><li>Ge, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endogenously+produced+20-HETE+modulates+myogenic+and+TGF+response+in+microperfused+afferent+arterioles.">Endogenously produced 20-HETE modulates myogenic and TGF response in microperfused afferent arterioles.</a> Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 102-103, 42-48 (2013).</li><li>Ryan, M. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Placental+ischemia+impairs+middle+cerebral+artery+myogenic+responses+in+the+pregnant+rat.">Placental ischemia impairs middle cerebral artery myogenic responses in the pregnant rat.</a> Hypertension. 58, 1126-1131 (2011).</li><li>Bagi, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Type+2+diabetic+mice+have+increased+arteriolar+tone+and+blood+pressure:+enhanced+release+of+COX-2-derived+constrictor+prostaglandins.">Type 2 diabetic mice have increased arteriolar tone and blood pressure: enhanced release of COX-2-derived constrictor prostaglandins.</a> Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 25, 1610-1616 (2005).</li></ol>

Kritisk trinn, feilsøking og modifikasjoner I et typisk fartøy isobar preparatet, blir arterien under trykk ved 70 mm Hg mellom to glass kanyler perfundert med varm (37 ° C) PSS. Etter 30-45 min, arterier utvikle MT, karakterisert ved spontan reduksjon i diameter som stabiliserer i 20-30 min. Motstands arterier fra ulike vaskulære senger utvikle variabel MT. For eksempel rotte motstand tarmens arterier utvikle MT ~ 25% av PD, mens cremastric arterier kan oppnå MT ~ 40% av PD. Arterier som ...

Liten motstand arterier er viktige determinanter av SVR og spiller en viktig rolle i patofysiologien av mange sykdommer 1,2. Tilstander som diabetes 3, graviditet 4, ischemi-reperfusjon 5, fedme og høyt blodtrykk 6,7 er ofte assosiert med endret mikrovaskulær funksjon. Vaskulær myography kan ikke bare gi viktig innsikt i endringer i mikrovaskulær funksjon i ulike sykdommer, men også bidra til å identifisere terapeutiske mål og evaluere effekten av vasoaktive forbindelser. Vaskulær funksjon har blitt undersøkt ved hjelp av isolerte små arterier henhold isometriske eller isobariske fartøyet forhold åtte. Detaljert beskrivelse av isometrisk myography er gitt andre steder ni. Men det er forskjeller i data innhentet fra isometrisk versus isobariske forberedelser 10-12. Siden trykk arterielle preparater tillater studiet av mikrovaskulær funksjon i nær fysiologiske forhold,innhentet funn kan korrelere bedre med in vivo oppførselen til karseng 8,13. I 1902 Bayliss først beskrevet effekten av transmural press på vaskulær diameter 14. Han observerte i liten motstand arterier fra forskjellige vaskulære sjikt av kaniner, katter og hunder som en reduksjon i trykk ble etterfulgt av vasodilatasjon, og en økning i trykket ble etterfulgt av vasokonstriksjon. Dette fenomenet er kjent som myogenic respons. Bayliss og påfølgende etterforskere observert at i isobariske forholdene liten motstand arterier utvikle vedvarende innsnevring kjent som MT 15,16. Både myogenisk respons og MT kan vurderes ved hjelp av trykk myography (PM) teknikk. PM er først og fremst brukes til å bestemme vasoactivity av små arterier, vener og andre fartøy. I tillegg til å vurdere effekten av vasoaktive forbindelser på vaskulær diameter, PM - som navnet indikerer - brukes for å vurdere intravaskulære trykk-mediert changes på vaskulær diameter. I løpet av de siste tiårene fremskritt innen programvare, som forbedret videomikroskopi og glass pipette trekke, har gjort PM lettere å utføre. Men disseksjon av levedyktige intakte segmenter av små blodkar forblir kjedelig og noen ganger utfordrende. Her vil vi skissere en detaljert protokoll for å studere myogenic respons i små mesenteriske motstand arterier isolert fra rotter.

<table border="1">
		<tbody>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Chemical</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Acetylcholine</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>A6625</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Calcium chloride (CaCl2)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>223506</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>D-(+)-Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>G5767</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetra acetic acid (EGTA)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>E3889</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>E9884</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>H3784</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>M7506</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>MOPS</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>M5162</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Phenylephrine</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>P6126</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Potassium chloride (KCl)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>P3911</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate (KH2PO4)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5655</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 )</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S6014</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium chloride (NaCl)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S7653</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S5881</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium nitroprusside</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>13451</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate (NaH2PO4)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S9638</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>P8574</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Table 1.</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
		 <td></td>
		 <td></td>
		 <td></td>
		 <td>
 <table border="1">
		<tbody>
		 <tr>
			<td>Physiological salt solution (1000 ml)</td>
			<td> mM</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>KCl</td>
			<td>4.9</td>
			<td>0.365 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>112</td>
			<td>6.545 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>MgSO4.7H2O</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.296 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>KH2PO4</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.163 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>11.5</td>
			<td>2.072 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaHCO3</td>
			<td>26</td>
			<td>2.184 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>10</td>
			<td>2.383 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>CaCl2</td>
			<td>2</td>
			<td>2 ml (1M stock)</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>De-ionized water</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>998 ml</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ca2+ free physiological salt solution (100 ml)</td>
			<td> mM</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>KCl</td>
			<td>4.9</td>
			<td>0.036 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>112</td>
			<td>0.645 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>MgSO4.7H2O</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.029 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>KH2PO4</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.016 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>11.5</td>
			<td>0.207 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaHCO3</td>
			<td>26</td>
			<td>0.218 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>10</td>
			<td>0.238 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>EGTA </td>
			<td>0.39</td>
			<td>0.015 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium nitroprusside </td>
			<td>0.1</td>
			<td>0.0026 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>De-ionized water</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>100 ml</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Dissection solution, stock (500 ml)</td>
			<td> mM</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>145</td>
			<td>21.18 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>KCl</td>
			<td>4.7</td>
			<td>0.875 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>MgSO4</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.739 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>MOPS</td>
			<td>2</td>
			<td>1.049 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>EDTA</td>
			<td>0.02</td>
			<td>0.019 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>De-ionized water</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>500 ml</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Working dissection solution (100 ml)</td>
			<td> mM</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Dissection solution stock</td>
			<td>20 ml</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>1.2</td>
			<td>0.091 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>NaH2PO4</td>
			<td>5</td>
			<td>0.016 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td>2</td>
			<td>0.022 g</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>CaCl2</td>
			<td>2</td>
			<td>0.2 ml (1M stock)</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>De-ionized water</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>79.8 ml</td>
		 </tr>
	 </tbody>
</table>
 </td>
	 </tr>
		 <tr>
		 <td></td>
		 <td></td>
		 <td></td>
		 <td>Table 2. Composition of Experimetnal solutions</td>
	 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Equipment</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>CCD Monochrome Camera</td>
			<td>The imaging Source</td>
			<td>DMK 21AU04</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Single inline solution heater</td>
			<td>Warner Instruments</td>
			<td>64-0102</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Thermistor</td>
			<td>Warner Instruments</td>
			<td>64-0108</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Dual automatic temperature controller</td>
			<td>Warner Instruments</td>
			<td>TC-344B</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Flaming/Brown micropipette puller</td>
			<td>Sutter Instruments </td>
			<td>P-97</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Fluorescence System Interface</td>
			<td>IonOptix</td>
			<td>model FSI-700</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Forceps and scissors </td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ion Wizard-Core and Analysis</td>
			<td>IonOptix</td>
			<td>Ion Wizard 6.0</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Laboratory tubing</td>
			<td>Silastic </td>
			<td>508-005</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Male Sprague Dawley rat</td>
			<td>Harlan Laboratories</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Master flex console drive</td>
			<td>Cole-parmer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Milli-Q Plus Ultrapure Water System</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>ZD5211584</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ophthalmic monofilament nylon suture </td>
			<td>Ethicon </td>
			<td>9007G</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Photometry and Dimensioning Microscope</td>
			<td>Motic</td>
			<td>AE31</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Pressure Servo Controller with peristaltic pump and pressure transducer</td>
			<td>Living Systems Instrumentation</td>
			<td>PS-200</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Stereomicroscope</td>
			<td>Nikon Instruments Inc</td>
			<td>SMZ660</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Vessel Chamber</td>
			<td>Living Systems Instrumentation</td>
			<td>CH-1</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Dissection dish</td>
			<td>Living Systems Instrumentation</td>
			<td>DD-90-S</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Thin Wall Glass Capillaries</td>
			<td>World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td>TW120-6</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Microforge</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>51550</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Table 3.</td>
		 </tr>
	 </tbody>
</table>

assessing myogenic response and vasoactivity in resistance mesenteric arteries using pressure myography

Liten motstand arterier seg sammen og utvider seg henholdsvis i respons til økt eller redusert intraluminale trykk; Dette fenomen kjent som myogenisk reaksjon er en viktig regulator for lokal blodstrøm. I isobariske betingelser liten motstand arterier utvikler vedvarende innsnevring kjent som myogenisk tone (MT), som er en viktig determinant for systemisk vaskulær resistens (SVR). Derfor ex vivo trykk preparater av små motstandsarterier er viktige verktøy for å studere mikrovaskulær funksjon i nær-fysiologiske tilstander. For å oppnå dette, er en nylig isolert intakt segment av en liten motstand arterie (diameter ~ 260 mikrometer) som er montert på to små glass kanyler og trykk. Disse arterielle forberedelser beholde mest in vivo egenskaper og tillatelse vurdering av vaskulær tone i sanntid. Her gir vi en detaljert protokoll for vurdering vasoactivity i trykk små motstand tarmens arterier fra rotter; disse arteriene utviklervedvarende vasokonstriksjon - ca 25% av maksimal diameter - når trykksatt til 70 mmHg. Disse arterielle preparater kan anvendes for å studere effekten av investigational forbindelser på forholdet mellom intra-arterielt trykk og vasoactivity og bestemme endringer i mikrovaskulær funksjon i dyremodeller av ulike sykdommer.

Skjematisk representasjon av et typisk trykk myograph oppsett er vist i figur 1. De to ender av beholderen er kanylert med et glass mikropipette og festes med sting på begge sider. Via slangen og en åpen stoppekran, er en kanyle koblet til en servostyrt trykkregulator; den andre kanyle er forbundet med en lukket stoppekran. Kammeret er perfunderes med PSS og vaskulær diametre blir observert av et invertert mikroskop koblet til et CCD-kamera. Den arterielle segment trykksa...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessing Myogenic Response and Vasoactivity In Resistance Mesenteric Arteries Using Pressure Myography at JoVE.com

Assessing Myogenic Response and Vasoactivity In Resistance Mesenteric Arteries Using Pressure Myography

Trykk myography brukes til å vurdere vasoactivity av små arterier som utvikler vedvarende innsnevring når trykk. Dette manuskriptet gir en detaljert protokoll for å vurdere i isolerte segmenter av små mesenteriske arterier fra rotte, vasoactivity og effekten av intraluminal press på vaskulær diameter.

Vurdere myogenic Response og vasoactivity I Resistance tarmens arterier Bruke Trykk Myography

Small resistance arteries constrict and dilate respectively in response to increased or decreased intraluminal pressure; this phenomenon known as myogenic ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Mesenteric Artery Contraction and Relaxation Studies Using Automated Wire Myography

Proximal resistance vessels, such as the mesenteric arteries, contribute substantially to the peripheral resistance. These small vessels of between ...

Epidural Intracranial Pressure Measurement in Rats Using a Fiber-optic Pressure Transducer

Epidural Intrakraniell Trykkmåling i rotter ved hjelp av en fiberoptisk Pressure Svinger

Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a significant problem in several forms of ischemic brain injury including stroke, traumatic brain injury and ...

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure

Vurdere Teratogene Endringer i en sebrafisk Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a severe manifestation of embryonic exposure to ethanol. It presents with characteristic defects to the face and organs, ...

Isolating and Using Sections of Bovine Mesenteric Artery and Vein as a Bioassay to Test for Vasoactivity in the Small Intestine

Isolere og bruke Deler av Bovine mesenteriske arterie og vene som en biologisk metode for å teste for vasoactivity i tynntarmen

Mammalian gastrointestinal systems are constantly exposed to compounds (desirable and undesirable) that can have an effect on blood flow to and from that ...

Intrauterine Telemetry to Measure Mouse Contractile Pressure In Vivo

Intrauterine Telemetry to Measure Mouse Contractile Pressure In Vivo

Intrauterin Telemetri å måle Mouse kontraktile Trykk<em&gt; I Vivo</em

A complex integration of molecular and electrical signals is needed to transform a quiescent uterus into a contractile organ at the end of pregnancy. ...

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Trabecelverket svar på trykk Elevation på Living menneskelige øyet

The mechanical characteristics of the trabecular meshwork (TM) are linked to outflow resistance and intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation. The rationale ...

Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Forskolin-indusert Hevelse i tarmen Organoids: An<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Analyse for å vurdere Drug Response i pasienter med cystisk fibrose

Recently-developed cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-modulating drugs correct surface expression and/or function of the mutant ...

Laparoscopic Technique for Serial Collection of Liver and Mesenteric Lymph Nodes in Macaques

Laparoskopisk teknikk for Serial Innsamling av leveren og Mesenteric lymfeknuter hos aper

The mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and the liver are exposed to microbes and microbial products from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, making them ...

A Cell Culture Model of Resistance Arteries

En celle kultur modell av motstand arterier

The myoendothelial junction (MEJ), a unique signaling microdomain in small diameter resistance arteries, exhibits localization of specific proteins and ...

Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats

Evaluering av vaskulær kontrollmekanismer utnytte Video mikroskopi av isolerte motstand arterier rotter

This protocol describes the use of in vitro television microscopy to evaluate vascular function in isolated cerebral resistance arteries (and other ...