Name: isolation of cortical microglia with preserved immunophenotype and functionality from murine neonates
Uploaded: 2014-01-30T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates at JoVE.com

Questo lavoro è stato supportato dal NIEHS R01ES014470 (KMZ).

Prima di iniziare questo protocollo, raccogliere topi neonati a giorni postnatali 1-3 (P1-3), in un contenitore sterile nidificato con biancheria gabbia originale per la protezione e calore. E &#39;importante lavorare in modo rapido ed efficiente attraverso questo protocollo per ottimizzare il rendimento della microglia. Si prega di consultare la tabella 1 per la lista completa di reagenti. 1. Preparazione di strumenti, terreni di coltura, e piatti <ol><li> Preparare 10 ml...

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Il presente procedimento offre un metodo efficace per l&#39;isolamento di microglia corticali di topi neonati. Questa procedura ha un duplice vantaggio di 1) conservare immunofenotipo microglia e funzionalità, come determinato mediante imaging fluorescente, immunocitochimica e ELISA, e, 2) permettendo microglia di maturare in presenza di altre cellule gliali (astrociti e oligodentrocytes) prima isolamento, che può facilitare importanti interazioni cellula-cellula durante il periodo di coltura maturazione gliale. È im...

Cellule microgliali, i macrofagi sorveglianza del parenchima SNC, comprendono circa il 12% della popolazione totale di cellule del cervello dei mammiferi adulti. Microglia sono derivati ​​dal sacco vitellino mieloidi precursori delle cellule e variano in densità cellulare e morfologia in diverse regioni cytoarchitectural all&#39;interno del SNC adulto 1-5. In un cervello adulto sano, microglia sono piccoli, ramificati o polari cellule con raffinati processi dinamici. In contrasto con macrofagi morfologia periferico, microglia dimostrano una quiescente, basso profilo fenotipo in cervelli sani che possono apparire come l&#39;inattività cellulare, tuttavia, vivo studi di imaging in dimostrano che i processi microgliali si estendono in modo dinamico e ritraggono per monitorare il loro microambiente in un modo che ricorda &quot; campionamento e rilevamento &quot;6,7. Microglia sono altamente e differenzialmente sensibili alle alterazioni ambientali e patofisiologici nel cervello, commutazioneda una surveillant a un effettrici stati, rispettivamente statali comunemente considerato come il loro riposo e attivato. Questo interruttore di attivazione può essere mediata da un blocco del recettori di membrana pattern recognition (PRR), come i recettori toll-like (TLR), che rispondono a modelli molecolari associati ai patogeni (PAMP), lipoproteine ​​vale a dire-batteriche e virali derivati , acidi nucleici, carboidrati e 8-11. Oltre a PAMPs, PRRs hanno dimostrato di indurre l&#39;attivazione della microglia contro sterili, molecole patogene conosciute come modelli molecolari pericolo / danno associato (smorza), che rappresentano una perturbazione nel sistema nervoso centrale dell&#39;omeostasi, come danno cellulare 12-16. Una volta inserita, PRRs avviare una cascata di segnalazione intracellulare che si traduce in cambiamenti nella morfologia cellulare e l&#39;espressione genica microglia, in particolare, microglia attivata adattare un fenotipo ameboide-like, traslocare la p65 NF-kB subunità (p65) al nucleo della cellula, e il potenziamento della produttoriction e la secrezione di citochine proinfiammatorie, come fattore di necrosi tumorale-α (TNF-α), interleuchina-1 β (IL-1β), insieme con le specie reattive dell&#39;ossigeno (ROS) 16-24. Sebbene integrale nella risposta immunitaria innata del sistema nervoso centrale, queste molecole secrete sono stati trovati anche ad aumentare lo stress ossidativo neuronale, inducendo in tal modo aggravando e neurodegenerazione in stati malati come il Parkinson e il morbo di Alzheimer 25-29. Tuttavia, i meccanismi di attivazione della microglia in stati patologici non sono del tutto chiare. Pertanto, l&#39;isolamento di microglia è un potente strumento di indagine in tali processi biologici, come molti nelle caratteristiche vivo di attivazione della microglia può essere ricapitolato in cultura. Sono disponibili diversi metodi per isolare microglia, compreso l&#39;isolamento con gradiente Percoll seguente digestione enzimatica del tessuto CNS 30,31. Tuttavia, la digestione enzimatica può alterarel&#39;immunofenotipo delle cellule riducendo superficie cellulare espressione dell&#39;antigene 32, e si traduce in quantità di cellule per animale inferiore rispetto al metodo qui descritto. In particolare, si segnala un rendimento medio microglia per pup corteccia di 7,5 x 10 5 cellule, mentre precedentemente riportato metodi di isolamento da tutto CNS con gradiente resa Percoll 3-5 x 10 5 cellule 30,33,34. Il presente procedimento elude l&#39;uso di enzimi digestivi isolando microglia in base alle loro proprietà a bassa aderenza, preservando così l&#39;immunofenotipo microglia e funzionalità. Nel presente studio, si descrive l&#39;isolamento di cellule microgliali da colture gliali miste derivate da neonati eterozigoti CX3CR1-GFP (CX3CR1-GFP + / -), e C57BL / 6 cortecce murini tramite agitazione meccanica su un agitatore rotante, una proroga di precedenza metodo pubblicato 24,35. Utilizziamo il primo ceppo di topi per una facile visualizzazione di microglia, comequesti topi esprimono GFP sotto il controllo del locus endogeno CX3CR1 - un promotore specifico monociti 36-38. Questo metodo produce colture microgliali altamente puri con una preservata immunofenotipo ex vivo, come dimostrato dai cambiamenti morfologici, traslocazione nucleare di p65, e la secrezione di TNF-α quando provocati con lipopolisaccaride batterico (LPS) o Pam 3 CSK 4, TLR4 e TLR1 / 2 agonisti rispettivamente.

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		<tr height="160">
			<td height="160" style="height:160px;width:233px;">Glucose</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">G8270</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Make 20% Stock Solution with MilliQ water; filter sterilize; store at 4 &#176;C; shelf life: 3-6 months. Used to make MCM and MGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:233px;">Sodium pyruvate 100 mM (100x)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">SH30239.01</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Store at 4 &#176;C. Used to make MCM and MGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Penicillin/Streptomycin 10,000 units/ml (100x)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">15140-122</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Store at -20 &#176;C. Used to make MCM, MGM, MM, and DM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:233px;">L-glutamine 200 mM (100x)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">25030-081</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Store at -20 &#176;C. Used to make MCM and MGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Fetal Bovine Serum (Defined)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">SH30070.03</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Filter sterilize; store at -20 &#176;C. Used to make MCM and MGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:233px;">Minimum Essential Medium Earle&#39;s (MEM)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Cellgro</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">15-010-CV</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Without L-glutamine. Contains Earle&#39;s salts. Used to make MCM, MGM, and DM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Horse Serum</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">16050</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Filter sterilize; store at -20 &#176;C. Used to make MCM and MGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Hanks&#39; Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Cellgro</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">21-021-CV</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Without calcium and magnesium. Store at 4 &#176;C. Used to make MM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">HEPES 1 M</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">15630-031</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Store at 4 &#176;C. Used to make MM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:233px;">T-75 Flask</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">430641</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">4&#39;,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, dilactate (DAPI)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">D3571</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Used to stain cell nucleus.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:233px;">Rabbit anti-Iba1</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">019-19741</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Used at 1/750 dilution for ICC staining of Iba1.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:233px;">Rabbit anti-NF&#954;B (p65)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Abcam</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">7970</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Used at 1/1250 dilution for ICC staining for p65.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="100">
			<td height="100" style="height:100px;width:233px;">Alexafluor 594 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">A11012</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Used at 1/1000 dilution for visualization of antigen:antibody complex in ICC.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">10 ml Disposable Serological Pipet</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">13-678-11E</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">50 ml Disposable Centrifuge Tube</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">05-539-8</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">15 ml Disposible Centrifuge Tube</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">05-539-12</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:233px;">Sterile Polystyrene Petri Dish</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">875713</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">100 mm x 15 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Scissor: Straight Metzembaum (scissor #1)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Roboz Surgical</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">RS-6010</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; 5 inch; used for removing head</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Scissor: Vannas 
			(scissor #2)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">15000-08</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; non-angled; 2.5mm cutting edge; used to open scalp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Scissor: Student Vannas (scissor #3)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">91501-09</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; curved; used to mince brain tissue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:233px;">Forcep: Dumont #7 
			(forcep #1)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">91197-00</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">2; used to secure nose and remove cortices&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Forcep: Dumont #2 
			(forcep #2)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">11223-20</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; used to remove scalp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Forcep: Dumont #3 
			(forcep #3)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">11231-30</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; used to remove skull</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Forcep: Dumont #5a 
			(forcep #4)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">11253-21</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">1; used to remove meninges</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Table of specific equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:233px;">Name of Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Name of Company</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">Catalogue Number</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">Zoom Stereo Dissection Microscope&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">SZ4060</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Microscope is placed inside Laminar-Horizontal Flow Cabinet</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Laminar-Horizontal Flow Cabinet</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Nuaire</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">NU-201-330</td>
			<td style="width:143px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:233px;">Biological Safety Cabinet</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Labconco</td>
			<td style="width:155px;">3440001</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Class II</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="46">
			<td height="46" style="height:46px;width:233px;">Water-Jacketed CO2 Incubator</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">VWR</td>
			<td>97025-836</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Set to 37 &#176;C, 5% CO2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Swing-out buckets</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>75006441</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">To be used with Swing-out rotor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Swing-out Rotor</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>75006445</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Max Radius: 19.2 (cm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:233px;">Sorvall Legend RT+ Centrifuge 
			(clinical centrifuge)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>75-004-377</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">With swing-out rotor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:233px;">AccuSpin Micro 17 microcentrifuge 
			(tabletop microcentrifuge)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S98645</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">With microliter rotor (24 x 1.5/2.0 ml; 
			Cat #: 75003524)&#160;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of cortical microglia with preserved immunophenotype and functionality from murine neonates

Isolamento di microglia dal tessuto del sistema nervoso centrale è un potente strumento di indagine utilizzato per studiare biologia microglia ex vivo. Il presente metodo dettaglia un procedimento per l&#39;isolamento di microglia da cortecce neonatali murini mediante agitazione meccanica con un agitatore rotante. Questo isolamento microglia metodo rendimenti microglia corticali purissime che presentano caratteristiche morfologiche e funzionali indicative di microglia quiescenti in condizioni non patologiche normali in vivo. Questa procedura preserva anche la immunofenotipo microglia e funzionalità biochimica come dimostra l&#39;induzione di modificazioni morfologiche, traslocazione nucleare della subunità p65 di NF-kB (p65), e la secrezione della citochina proinfiammatoria segno distintivo, fattore di necrosi tumorale-α (TNF-α ), su lipopolisaccaride (LPS) e Pam 3 CSK 4 (Pam) sfide. Pertanto, l&#39;attuale procedura di isolamento conserva l&#39;immunofenotipo sia quiescente e attivamicroglia vato, fornendo un metodo sperimentale di investigare microglia biologia ex vivo condizioni.

Conservando la immunofenotipo e la funzionalità della microglia ex vivo durante l&#39;isolamento è fondamentale per essere in grado di utilizzare queste cellule come un modello di indagine per la biologia della microglia. Al fine di dimostrare la conservazione di successo della microglia immunofunctionality con il metodo attuale, abbiamo isolato microglia corticali da neonati P3 (CX3CR1-GFP + / - e C57BL / 6) e le colture trattate sia con LPS o Pam. Come illustrato nell...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates at JoVE.com

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Una chiave per il successo indagini di biologia microglia è la conservazione dei immunofunction microglia ex vivo durante l&#39;isolamento dal tessuto del sistema nervoso centrale. Isolare microglia via rotanti risultati si stringono in colture cellulari altamente puri e immunofunctional come valutato da immagini fluorescenti, immunocitochimica, ed ELISA dopo l&#39;attivazione della microglia con il lipopolisaccaride stimoli pro-infiammatori (LPS) e Pam 3 CSK 4 (Pam).

Isolamento della corticale Microglia con Immunofenotipo conservato e funzionalità dal murini neonati

Isolation of microglia from CNS tissue is a powerful investigative tool used to study microglial biology ex vivo. The present method details a procedure ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Primary Microglia Isolation from Mixed Glial Cell Cultures of Neonatal Rat Brain Tissue

Isolamento primario Microglia misti da colture cellulari gliali del tessuto neonatale cervello di ratto

Microglia account for approximately 12% of the  total cellular population in the mammalian brain. While neurons and astrocytes are considered  the major ...

Ricerca

Immunologia e infezioni

Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells

Isolamento, elaborazione ed analisi dei murini gengivali

We have developed a technique to precisely isolate and process murine gingival tissue for flow cytometry and molecular studies. The gingiva is a unique ...

Culturing Microglia from the Neonatal and Adult Central Nervous System

Coltura Microglia dal Sistema Nervoso Centrale neonatale e adulti

Microglia are the resident macrophage-like cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and, as such, have critically important roles in physiological and ...

Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells

Isolamento, identificazione e purificazione di cellule murine timica epiteliali

The thymus is a vital organ for T lymphocyte development. Of thymic stromal cells, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are particularly crucial at multiple ...

Isolation of Murine Lymph Node Stromal Cells

Isolamento di cellule murine Linfonodo stromali

Secondary lymphoid organs including lymph nodes are composed of stromal cells that provide a structural environment for homeostasis, activation and ...

Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.

Isolamento e Trapianto di diversi invecchiato murini del timo innesti.

The mechanisms that regulate the efficacy of thymic selection remain ill-defined. The method presented here allows in vivo analyses of the development and ...

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

L&#39;isolamento dei leucociti di tessuti murini all&#39;interfaccia materno-fetale

Immune tolerance in pregnancy requires that the immune system of the mother undergoes distinctive changes in order to accept and nurture the developing ...

Isolation and Activation of Murine Lymphocytes

L&#39;isolamento e l&#39;attivazione di linfociti murini

B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading ...