Name: utility of dissociated intrinsic hand muscle atrophy in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Uploaded: 2014-03-04T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis at JoVE.com

资金来自运动神经元病研究所澳大利亚（MNDRIA），西尔维亚和查尔斯Viertel慈善基金会临床研究员补助，Ramaciotti基金会和澳洲国家健康与医学研究委员会（项目批准号APP1024915）的支持表示感谢。

1。病人准备<ol><li>前瞻性和连续招术。注：以下协议批准悉尼西区健康服务人类研究伦理委员会。知情同意是由所有患者提供。患者进行前瞻性和连续招募从ALS /神经肌肉诊所在Westmead医院。 </li><li>确定ALS患者进行测试的适用性。排除谁没有被诊断患有ALS或神经肌肉疾病的患者。 </li><li>排除患者有共存的焦点神经病变，神经病变的中位数在手肘处的手腕或尺神经病变。 </li><li>排除患者的一个广...

<ol>
	<li>Weber, M., Eisen, A., Stewart, H., Hirota, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+split+hand+in+ALS+has+a+cortical+basis.">The split hand in ALS has a cortical basis.</a> J. Neurol. Sci. 180, 66-70 (2000).</li><li>Wilbourn, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+&#8220;split+hand+syndrome&#8220;.">The &#8220;split hand syndrome&#8220;.</a> Muscle Nerve. 23, 138 (2000).</li><li>Kuwabara, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dissociated+small+hand+muscle+atrophy+in+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis:+frequency,+extent,+and+specificity.">Dissociated small hand muscle atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: frequency, extent, and specificity.</a> Muscle Nerve. 37, 426-430 (2008).</li><li>Kuwabara, S., Mizobuchi, K., Ogawara, K., Hattori, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dissociated+small+hand+muscle+involvement+in+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis+detected+by+motor+unit+number+estimates.">Dissociated small hand muscle involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis detected by motor unit number estimates.</a> Muscle Nerve. 22, 870-873 (1999).</li><li>Menon, P., Kiernan, M. C., Vucic, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Appearance,+phenomenology+and+diagnostic+utility+of+the+split+hand+in+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">Appearance, phenomenology and diagnostic utility of the split hand in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> Neurodegener. Dis. Manag. 1, 457-462 (2011).</li><li>Brooks, B. R., Miller, R. G., Swash, M., Munsat, T. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=El+Escorial+revisited:+revised+criteria+for+the+diagnosis+of+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 1, 293-299 (2000).</li><li>Swash, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+diagnosis+of+ALS/MND.">Early diagnosis of ALS/MND.</a> J. Neurol. Sci. 160 suppl 1, 833-836 (1998).</li><li>Chio, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ISIS+Survey:+an+international+study+on+the+diagnostic+process+and+its+implications+in+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">ISIS Survey: an international study on the diagnostic process and its implications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> J. Neurol. 246 Suppl 3, (1999).</li><li>Turner, M. R., Kiernan, M. C., Leigh, P. N., Talbot, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biomarkers+in+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">Biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> Lancet Neurol. 8, 94-109 (2009).</li><li>Traynor, B. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+features+of+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis+according+to+the+El+Escorial+and+Airlie+House+diagnostic+criteria:+A+population-based+study.">Clinical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis according to the El Escorial and Airlie House diagnostic criteria: A population-based study.</a> Arch. Neurol. 57, 1171-1176 (2000).</li><li>de Carvalho, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrodiagnostic+criteria+for+diagnosis+of+ALS.">Electrodiagnostic criteria for diagnosis of ALS.</a> Clin. Neurophysiol. 119, 497-503 (2008).</li><li>de Carvalho, M., Swash, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Awaji+diagnostic+algorithm+increases+sensitivity+of+El+Escorial+criteria+for+ALS+diagnosis.">Awaji diagnostic algorithm increases sensitivity of El Escorial criteria for ALS diagnosis.</a> Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 10, 53-57 (2009).</li><li>Boekestein, W. A., Kleine, B. U., Hageman, G., Schelhaas, H. J., Zwarts, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sensitivity+and+specificity+of+the+'Awaji'+electrodiagnostic+criteria+for+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis:+Retrospective+comparison+of+the+Awaji+and+revised+El+Escorial+criteria+for+ALS.">Sensitivity and specificity of the 'Awaji' electrodiagnostic criteria for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Retrospective comparison of the Awaji and revised El Escorial criteria for ALS.</a> Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 11, 497-501 (2010).</li><li>Douglass, C. P., Kandler, R. H., Shaw, P. J., McDermott, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+evaluation+of+neurophysiological+criteria+used+in+the+diagnosis+of+motor+neuron+disease.">An evaluation of neurophysiological criteria used in the diagnosis of motor neuron disease.</a> J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 81, 646-649 (2010).</li><li>Noto, Y. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Awaji+ALS+criteria+increase+the+diagnostic+sensitivity+in+patients+with+bulbar+onset.">Awaji ALS criteria increase the diagnostic sensitivity in patients with bulbar onset.</a> Clin. Neurophysiol. 123, 382-385 (2012).</li><li>Schrooten, M., Smetcoren, C., Robberecht, W., Van Damme, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Benefit+of+the+Awaji+diagnostic+algorithm+for+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis:+A+prospective+study.">Benefit of the Awaji diagnostic algorithm for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A prospective study.</a> Ann. Neurol. 70, 79-83 (2011).</li><li>Aggarwal, S., Cudkowicz, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ALS+drug+development:+reflections+from+the+past+and+a+way+forward.">ALS drug development: reflections from the past and a way forward.</a> Neurotherapeutics. 5, 516-527 (2008).</li><li>Cedarbaum, J. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+ALSFRS-R:+a+revised+ALS+functional+rating+scale+that+incorporates+assessments+of+respiratory+function+BDNF+ALS+Study+Group+(Phase+III).">The ALSFRS-R: a revised ALS functional rating scale that incorporates assessments of respiratory function BDNF ALS Study Group (Phase III).</a> J. Neurol. Sci. 169, 13-21 (1999).</li><li>Kimura, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Progression+rate+of+ALSFRS-R+at+time+of+diagnosis+predicts+survival+time+in+ALS.">Progression rate of ALSFRS-R at time of diagnosis predicts survival time in ALS.</a> Neurology. 66, 265-267 (2006).</li><li>O'Brien, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Aid to the examination of the peripheral nervous system. , (2010).</li><li>Menon, P., Kiernan, M. C., Yiannikas, C., Stroud, J., Vucic, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Split-hand+index+for+the+diagnosis+of+amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">Split-hand index for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> Clin. Neurophysiol. 124, 410-416 (2013).</li><li>Kiernan, M. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amyotrophic+lateral+sclerosis.">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</a> Lancet. 377, 942-955 (2011).</li><li>Vucic, S., Cordato, D. J., Yiannikas, C., Schwartz, R. S., Shnier, R. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Utility+of+magnetic+resonance+imaging+in+diagnosing+ulnar+neuropathy+at+the+elbow.">Utility of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.</a> Clin. Neurophysiol. 117, 590-595 (2006).</li><li>Siao, P., Cros, D., Vucic, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Practical approach to electromyography. , (2011).</li></ol>

本研究报告在ALS的一种新型的神经电生理诊断生物标志物拆分手指数的诊断工具。在SI可靠地区别于神经肌肉疾病的ALS，用5.2​​的最佳诊断临界值。在SI的减少是最突出的肢体起病的ALS患者。重要的是，被分类在诊断“可能”类别按照最近制定的诊断标准11 ALS患者相当大的比例，表现出异常的SI。综上所述，从目前的研究结果表明，拆分手指数可能是ALS的诊断生物标志物，在ALS的早期诊?...

拆分手 ，指的是大鱼际复杂的组手内肌[拇短展肌（APB）和第一骨间背侧（FDI）]的优先萎缩，与小鱼际肌的相对保值，并且是肌萎缩的具体和早期临床特点侧索硬化症（ALS）1-4。这一发现，分割手势是具体 ​​的ALS，提出分手的手势在3 ALS诊断的生物标记物的潜在作用。 分割手势的量化，​​通过一种新颖的神经生理学的生物标志物的发展，可能会进一步帮助在ALS诊断。具体而言，分割手指数（SI），该量化的手裂现象，通过乘以复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）衍生的振幅记录在鱼际复杂的肌肉（APB和FDI），以及由CMAP的幅度除以该商品记录在HYPothenar肌肉（即小指展肌，ADM）5。 ALS的诊断主要依赖临床为基础的标准，涵盖上，下运动神经元的组合标志6。这些标准，然而，被认为不敏感尤其是在疾病过程7-10的早期阶段建立的ALS的诊断。最近的诊断标准修改被开发11，尽管这些条件会提高诊断的敏感性12-16，增加灵敏度似乎仅限于延髓发病的ALS患者15。 在不存在的特征性的测试，ALS的诊断可显著延迟8。最终，神经保护疗法和招聘机构进入临床试验可能会延迟，也许超出了关键的治疗窗口期9，17。因此，该在SI的诊断工具进行前瞻性评估零星的ALS患者。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:125px;"></td>
			<td style="width:120px;"></td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:203px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Abrasive gel (Nu Prep)</td>
			<td>Weaver and Company</td>
			<td>N-TA\/P\H-3 ENG</td>
			<td>Skin preperation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(www.doweaver.com)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Alcohol wipe</td>
			<td>Triad Disposables</td>
			<td>103101</td>
			<td>Skin preperation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(www.triad-group.net)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Recording gel (Ten20 Conductive gel)</td>
			<td>Weaver and Company</td>
			<td>N-TA\/P\H-3 ENG</td>
			<td>Recording motor responses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(www.doweaver.com)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale-revised questionnaire</td>
			<td>Publication&#160;</td>
			<td>Experimental builder</td>
			<td>Stage disease</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(see Methods and References)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Medical Research Council muscle strength scale</td>
			<td>Medical Research Council-UK</td>
			<td>Experimental builder</td>
			<td>Stage disease</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(see Methods and References)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td colspan="2" height="20" style="height:20px;">Table of equipment used</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Name of the equipment used</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Nerve conduction machine (Synergy/Nicolet EDX)</td>
			<td>CareFusion (www.carefusion.com/medical-products/neurology)</td>
			<td>SA110106M</td>
			<td>To measure split hand index</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Synergy software</td>
			<td>CareFusion</td>
			<td>765654679</td>
			<td>To measure split hand index</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="3">(www.carefusion.com/medical-products/neurology)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tem millimeter gold cup disc electrodes</td>
			<td>Grass Technologies</td>
			<td>F-E5GH-60</td>
			<td>To record motor responses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td colspan="2">(www.grasstechnologies.com)</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Neural earth plate</td>
			<td>Westmead Hospital</td>
			<td>Experimental builder</td>
			<td>To record limb temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Thermometer</td>
			<td>Westmead Hospital</td>
			<td>Experimental builder</td>
			<td>To record limb temperature</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

utility of dissociated intrinsic hand muscle atrophy in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

拆分手现象是指鱼际肌萎缩主要是与肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的早期和具体功能。一种新的分裂手指数（SI）的开发是为了量化分割手现象，其诊断实用程序是在ALS患者进行评估。拆分手指数除以的复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）的产品导出的幅值记录在拇短展肌及第一背侧骨间肌被记录在小指展肌CMAP波幅。为了评估拆分手指数的诊断工具，ALS患者进行前瞻性评估及其结果进行了比较，神经肌肉障碍的病人。在ALS相比，神经肌肉疾病患者（P &lt;0.0001）拆分手指数显著降低。四肢发ALS患者表现出最大的减少在分割手指数，和一个值从其他神经肌肉疾病5.2或更低可靠地鉴别ALS。因此，分割手指数似乎是ALS的一种新颖的诊断生物标记物，或许有助于早期诊断。

临床表型 总体而言，44 ALS患者进行了研究，其中76％（N = 33）被列为明确或可能和24％（N = 11）尽可能ALS根据淡路标准11。 ALS诊断中的“可能”世代被证实后，在此期间广泛调查和临床随访长达3年，53％的患者死亡。延髓起病很明显在41％，而肢体发病在ALS患者的59％。在评估时，平均病程为18.9±3.1个月，中位ALSFRS-R评分为41（32-45），说明残疾的程度适中。 <p ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis at JoVE.com

Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

在肌萎缩侧索硬化症的诊断游离本质手部肌肉萎缩实用工具

固有手部肌肉游离萎缩，称为分体式手，似乎是肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的特定功能。因此，一种新的神经诊断测试，称为裂手指数 ，被开发来量化拆分手的临床现象，这区别ALS从模拟紊乱。

The split hand phenomenon refers to predominant wasting of thenar muscles and is an early and specific feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

延髓功能障碍肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症（ALS）的综合评估议定书

Improved methods for assessing bulbar impairment are necessary for expediting diagnosis of bulbar dysfunction in ALS, for predicting disease progression ...

科研

医学

Intraspinal Cell Transplantation for Targeting Cervical Ventral Horn in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

椎管内针对肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症和外伤性脊髓损伤颈腹角细胞移植

Respiratory compromise due to phrenic motor neuron loss is a debilitating consequence of a large proportion of human traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) ...

Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

临床试验和脊髓去除在肌萎缩性侧索硬化症的小鼠模型（ALS）

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder resulting in progressive degeneration of motoneurons. Peak of onset is around 60 ...

Real-time Digital Imaging of Leukocyte-endothelial Interaction in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (IRI) of the Rat Cremaster Muscle

Real-time Digital Imaging of Leukocyte-endothelial Interaction in Ischemia-reperfusion Injury IRI of the Rat Cremaster Muscle

实时数字成像大鼠提睾肌缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）的白细胞 - 内皮细胞相互作用

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been implicated in a large array of pathological conditions such as cerebral stroke, myocardial infarction, ...

Tibial Nerve Transection - A Standardized Model for Denervation-induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice

胫骨神经切断术 - 一个标准化的模型失神经诱导小鼠骨骼肌

The tibial nerve transection model is a well-tolerated, validated, and reproducible model of denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in rodents. ...

High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum

高通量流式细胞仪检测细胞为基础的试验检测抗体，以N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体或多巴胺2受体在人血清

Over the recent years, antibodies against surface and conformational proteins involved in neurotransmission have been detected in autoimmune CNS diseases ...

Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia

在背皮褶商会鼠标的缺血性组织损伤：一个皮瓣模型，探讨急性缺血持续

Despite profound expertise and advanced surgical techniques, ischemia-induced complications ranging from wound breakdown to extensive tissue necrosis are ...

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

在不可逆面瘫的微笑通过免费功能肌肉交接单级动态Reanimation来

Unilateral facial paralysis is a common disease that is associated with significant functional, aesthetic and psychological issues. Though idiopathic ...

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

季节变化的三角建模的方法证明与多发性硬化症复发数据

This report describes a novel Stata-based application of trigonometric regression modelling to  55 years of multiple sclerosis relapse data from 46 ...

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test HASTe

设计，制造管理的手，和活动感觉测试（急速）

The concept of personalizing neurologic rehabilitation, based on individual impairments, has experienced a recent surge. In parallel, the number of ...