Name: a fully automated rodent conditioning protocol for sensorimotor integration and cognitive control experiments
Uploaded: 2014-04-15T18:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Fully Automated Rodent Conditioning Protocol for Sensorimotor Integration and Cognitive Control Experiments at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af NINDS tilskuddet # NS054148.

Alle procedurer, der involverer dyr blev godkendt af Michigan State University Institutional Animal Care og brug Udvalg (IACUC). 1.. Forsøgsopstilling <ol><li> Brug en operant konditionering boks, som består af en fem-hul nosepoke væg på den ene side og en fødevare levering trug på den modsatte side. <ol><li> Centret nosepoke hul betragtes som en &quot;fiksering&quot; hul og de fire andre huller (to på hver side af fikseringen hul) betragtes motor target huller. Hvert hul er udstyre...

<ol>
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Rotter er ofte blevet brugt i neurovidenskab forskning i over et århundrede. Siden Thorndike introduktion af begrebet lov ikrafttrædelsesdato i katte 34, har operant konditionering været standard tilgang til at teste forskellige aspekter af dyrs adfærd. Mange neurovidenskabelige forsøg med beslutningstagning og forberedelse motor omfatter en tidsforsinkelse mellem instruktion køer og handlingen interval. Det er ønskeligt at minimere bevægelser i disse forsinkelsesperioder at mindske eventuelle confoun...

<html> Undersøgelse af forholdet mellem neurofysiologi og adfærd er det ultimative mål i systemer neurovidenskab. Historisk set har der været en afvejning mellem dyremodel valg og adfærdsmæssige repertoire 1-5. Mens simple organismer som søpølser 6 eller blæksprutter 7 er blevet brugt i udstrakt grad til at studere egenskaber af enkelt ionkanaler, neuroner og simple neurale kredsløb, der er højere orden arter nødvendig for at studere mere komplekse funktioner såsom rumlig navigation, beslutningstagning 8-11 og kognitiv kontrollere 12-14. Trods en standard dyremodel for menneskelig opførsel, brug af ikke-humane primater beder omkostninger og etiske overvejelser, der udelukker deres anvendelse på tværs af en bred vifte af eksperimenter i et enkelt laboratorium indstilling 15-18. Enklere dyremodeller såsom gnavere er generelt foretrækkes 19, forudsat at de har lignende neurale substrater underliggende adfærd af interesse. &quot;&gt; Der er rigeligt med beviser tyder på, at gnavere deler lignende kortikale og subkortikale strukturer som dem, der findes i primater 20-22. Gnavere er også kendt for at integrere information på tværs af flere sensoriske modaliteter til at vejlede deres indsats 23-25, for eksempel ved at koordinere røre og snuse under udforskende adfærd 26 eller ved at integrere auditive og visuelle / olfaktoriske begivenheder 25,27. Her beskriver vi en ramme for operant konditionering af gnavere anvendt til at teste kognitive opgaver 28-32. Inden for disse rammer er emner, der kræves for at fiksere inde i en nosepoke hul og vedligeholde deres snude ind i hullet indtil præsentationen af ​​en go cue. De adfærdsmæssige opgave er en fem-hullers nosepoke design, der traditionelt anvendes til 5-choice seriel reaktionstid opgave studier. Under forsinkelsen frist en række instruktion tidskoder præsenteret til at lede emnet at udføre en handling. Denne ramme kan nemt tilpasses tilder er behov for en bred vifte af forsøg, hvor uddannelse emnet at minimere sin åbenlys bevægelse over et kort interval. Dette tillader at studere, i hvilket omfang spiking aktivitet af individuelle neuroner er påvirket af særlige signaler i dette interval. Protokollen kan minimere træningstid og kan reducere tværs variation læring. Et skematisk rutediagram af opgaven er vist i figur 1.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="757">
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			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:359px;"> 5-HOLED NOSE POKE WITH 3STIM CUE LIGHT - RAT CAGE</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Coulbourn</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"> H21-06M/R</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"> </td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:359px;">TEST CAGE</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Coulbourn</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H10-11R-TC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:359px;">Graphic State Software</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Coulbourn</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"> </td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:359px;">PROGRAMMABLE TONE/NOISE GENERATOR</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Coulbourn</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A12-33</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:359px;">Dustless Precision Pellets</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Bio-Serv</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F0165</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:359px;"> SPEAKER MODULE</td>
			<td style="width:112px;">Coulbourn</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H12-01R</td>
			<td></td>
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	</tbody>
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a fully automated rodent conditioning protocol for sensorimotor integration and cognitive control experiments

Gnavere har traditionelt været anvendt som en standard dyremodel i laboratorieforsøg, der involverer et utal af sensoriske, kognitive og motoriske opgaver. Højere kognitive funktioner, der kræver præcis kontrol over sensomotoriske reaktioner såsom beslutningstagning og opmærksomhedsgraden modulation, er imidlertid typisk vurderes i ikke-humane primater. På trods af den rigdom af primat adfærd, der tillader flere varianter af disse funktioner, der skal undersøges, det gnaver model forbliver en attraktiv, omkostningseffektivt alternativ til primatmodeller. Desuden evnen til fuldt ud at automatisere operant konditionering i gnavere tilføjer unikke fordele i forhold til arbejdskraft intensiv uddannelse af ikke-humane primater, mens de studerer en bred vifte af disse komplekse funktioner. Her introducerer vi en protokol for operantly conditioning rotter på at udføre arbejder hukommelse opgaver. Under kritiske epoker i opgaven, sikrer protokollen, at dyrets åbenlys bevægelse minimeres ved requlektrisk dyret til &#39;Fiksér &quot;, indtil en Go cue leveres, beslægtet med human primat eksperimenterende design. En simpel to alternative tvunget valg opgave er gennemført for at påvise præstationer. Vi diskuterer anvendelsen af ​​dette paradigme til andre opgaver.

Den foreslåede ramme muliggør træning af emnet på en række kognitive opgaver. Her har vi implementeret en instrueret forsinkelse opgave designet til at undersøge mekanismerne i målrettede handlinger i gnaver præfrontale cortex. Figur 1 viser et flowchart af det eksperimentelle design. For at sikre at emnet forstår opgaven kravet ved hvert skridt, bør ydeevne foranstaltningerne bør vurderes løbende. Figur 2 viser et eksempel udførelsen af et emne...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Fully Automated Rodent Conditioning Protocol for Sensorimotor Integration and Cognitive Control Experiments at JoVE.com

A Fully Automated Rodent Conditioning Protocol for Sensorimotor Integration and Cognitive Control Experiments

Der foreslås en fuldautomatisk protokol for gnaver operant betingning. Protokollen bygger på præcis tidsmæssig styring af adfærdsmæssige begivenheder til at undersøge, i hvilket omfang denne kontrol påvirkninger aktivitet underliggende integration neurale sensomotoriske og kognitiv kontrol eksperimenter.

En fuldautomatisk gnaver Conditioning Protokol for sansemotoriske integration og kognitiv kontrolforsøg

Rodents have been traditionally used as a standard animal model in laboratory experiments involving a myriad of sensory, cognitive, and motor tasks. ...

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