Name: a venturi effect can help cure our trees
Uploaded: 2013-10-01T09:10:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Venturi Effect Can Help Cure Our Trees at JoVE.com

作者感谢帕多瓦大学的专利局，TeSAF部和Vitzani srl公司提供的财政和技术支持，允许仪器，乔纳森·科金医生（英国）的盛情合作和语言版本，蓬市政府发展圣尼科洛PD为在视频拍摄的盛情款待，和审稿人有目的，有详细的建议。

<ol><li>最好在花蕾休息和夏末进行治疗，在阳光和微风天，根据树endotherapy 17的一般规则。 </li><li>根据现行规定，应戴上手套，防护眼镜和其他安全装置。 </li><li>熟悉仪器，拆卸和重新组装。其主要成分列于图2。 </li><li>熟悉该方法，在下面的步骤，并在视频2中描述。开始使用的水在未修剪树树皮光滑，充分开发和树冠非常宽大的叶子（ 即悬铃木属， 栎属）练习输?...

<ol>
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尽管树endotherapy的承认环境优势，到现在的主要因素限制了该方法的更广泛的传播已涉及到传统压力的方法使用（ 即延迟伤口愈合，寄生虫感染通过钻孔的负面影响孔，生产非活动变色的木材）。 与其他方法相比，该描述的一个设想符合宿主生理工作，考虑到输送速率作为用于治疗成功次要重要性。 从视图的一个专业操作者的角度来看，这是该技...

在近代，躯干endotherapy已逐步取代了木本植物1-6传统的空气喷涂方法，但是这不是最近的想法。在15 世纪的达芬奇详细描述了他是如何能够通过一个手钻7做深洞注入砷溶液成一棵苹果树的树干来 ​​麻醉苹果。自那时以来几乎没有改变：在自然界中容易获得的化学品已逐渐被替换更高效合成的活性成分（杀虫剂，杀菌剂，杀菌剂，化肥，植物生长调节剂和干燥剂）。大气压力注射演变成高压，和手驱动gimlets已被替换成新式电池演习8-10。不幸的是，即使是最锋利的钻头眼泪和过热负责封穴的形成层组织。因此，伤口愈合延迟和相邻的木质组织中很大一部分失去了乐趣ctionality从注射部位（“变色木”）到几英尺以上，并低于11。此外，插电孔很容易被细菌和真菌的伤流液所吸引，并导致长期的内部腐烂，用木材的强度和稳定性12,13的相应损失殖民地。 意识到，1）的一组纵向纤维的根据一个透镜状的双凸形状（ 图1a）中分离，和2）树液运动转换成血管履行对流体动力学的伯努利原理，在2011年帕多瓦大学设计了一个新的14钻免费endotherapic仪器的基本透镜状，双凸和空心叶片的进入分离其纤维的木材。以这种方式，内xylematic船舶达到最小的摩擦（ 图1b），并暂时减少其截面的增大树液速度，加快外部液体的自然摄取（ 图1c，视频1）15,16。

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			<td class="xl63" height="21" style="height:15.75pt;width:162pt" width="216">BITE</td>
			<td class="xl63" style="width:290pt" width="387">Vitzani srl, Perarolo di Cadore, Italy</td>
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a venturi effect can help cure our trees

在木本植物木质部汁液向上移动通过血管因水势的下降梯度从地下水到树叶。根据这些因素和它们的动力学，少量的树液兼容的液体（ 即杀虫剂）可以被注入到木质部系统，从内到达他们的目标。这endotherapic方法，被称为“主干注射液”或“主干输注”（取决于用户是否提供外部压力或不是），限制所述施加化学物质仅在目标树中，从而使得它在市区的情况下特别有用。限制性的更广泛使用的传统的钻探方法的主要因素都涉及到了必须钻孔周围的躯干周围，以获得对木质部导管树皮下孔的副作用。 帕多瓦大学（意大利）最近开发了一个手册，免钻仪器具有体积小，每forated刀片通过分离木质纤维以最小的摩擦进入主干。此外，柱状形刀片降低了船只的横截面，增加汁液速度，并允许外部液体向上的自然吸收的叶子，当蒸腾速率是巨大的。口由于自然弹性和膨胀度的植物组织，并形成层活动完成愈合过程中的几个星期去除叶片后不久局部关闭。

由于其小尺寸和独特的造型，柱状叶片不会删除形成层和木本组织，并与传统的钻孔相比，伤口是明显较小（ 图4a）。通常情况下，孔的边缘由形成层组织（ 图4B1）正在慢慢条块钻井过程中过热往往是因为，。相反，与一个柱面叶片处理相同的树后，将木质纤维恢复到它们先前的形状，并且形成层开始产生分生组织中几天。主要分布在阔叶，这是分离的树皮（ 图4B...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Venturi Effect Can Help Cure Our Trees at JoVE.com

A Venturi Effect Can Help Cure Our Trees

相较于较为传统的孔为基础的方法，其中大部分需要被钻树，透镜状刀片工具变换endotherapy缓解伤口的闭合，并允许解决方案的自然吸收的基础知识。

文丘里效应可以帮助治疗我们的树

In woody plants, xylem sap moves upwards through the vessels due to a decreasing gradient of water potential from the groundwater to the foliage. ...

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