Name: an efficient method for quantitative, single-cell analysis of chromatin modification and nuclear architecture in whole-mount ovules in arabidopsis
Uploaded: 2014-06-19T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis at JoVE.com

We thank Ueli Grossniklaus (University of Z&#252;rich) for technical and financial support. We are thankful to Valeria Gagliardini, Christof Eichenberger, Arturo Bolanos and Peter Kopf for general lab support. This research was funded by the University of Z&#252;rich, grants from the Swiss National Foundation to CB (31003A_130722) and Ueli Grossniklaus (31003A_141245 and 31003AB-126006), and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche to DG (Programme ANR-BLANC-2012).

该过程在图1中的工作流描述，并设置为夹层和组织的嵌入在图2中给出。 1，组织固定<ol><li>收集20-30心皮中含有冰新鲜的BVO固定缓冲液离心管。 </li><li>修复组织30分钟轻微振荡在室温下。 </li><li>旋转含有固定剂的心皮中台式微量离心机1分钟，在400×g下的管中。 </li><li>小心地取出固定缓冲液和加入1 ml的PBT，把试管放在冰。 </li></ol> 2...

<ol>
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在开花植物中，女性生殖谱系是由几个细胞层，包括珠心和胚珠teguments包围，从而使细胞学染色整个安装技术上的挑战。在这里，我们提出了一个高效的协议使得大量适合细胞学染色，如免疫，DNA染色和荧光在整个贴装原位杂交胚珠的准备和处理。我们成功地使用它在拟南芥 21,22女性生殖生殖系的分析。该方法是高效的多张幻灯片可以并行进行不同的染色处理。它也?...

在开花植物，建立生殖谱系始于平滑肌细胞的分化，MMC女性和男性孢子母细胞。在MMC来自于胚珠原基的远端子珠心表皮细胞发育和小孢子母细胞从造孢组织发展中的花药药室，分别位于花器官1深处。校董会经过减数分裂，产生单倍体的孢子，然后产生在有丝分裂的配子体。雌配子体，或胚囊，由一个卵细胞，一个中央单元，两个助和三个antipodals的。雄配子体，或花粉，由一个营养细胞和两个精子细胞。而雄配子体仍然是一个相对平易近人对象 - 的研究中，雌配子体嵌入在胚珠内，自己包围在花心皮，从而造成分子和细胞学分析具体的挑战。然而，最近，激光辅助显微切割提供了一个优雅的解决方案，允许在MMC和雌性配子体细胞2-4转录组分析。除了 ​​候选基因表达分析， 例如使用RNA 原位杂交或报告基因检测，细胞学分析允许调查使用特定的直接细胞染色或间接免疫源性细胞成分的动态。特别是在使用FISH和DNA染色，与染色质修饰或染色质免疫成分一起细胞遗传学染色是核心的方法来阐明染色质动力学和核组织在拟南芥 5。通常情况下，减数分裂嗣继承已被很好地研究植物雄性meiocytes 6,7特定的染色体动态;进一步规模化，细胞特异性染色质重组，可能反映动态的表观遗传修饰已经花粉发育过程中8-10被描述。相比之下，由于到阴meiocyte和配子体的相对不便，这些调查保持在技术上难以适用，并且经常需要切片或手工剥离和酶消化（见下文）。此外，普遍缺乏在整个贴装光学清晰度是一个障碍生殖细胞中完整的胚珠高分辨率成像。 在整个安装胚珠一个经典的方法，染色体组织细胞学分析使用富尔根氏染色11-13。它涉及其导致蛋白质变性，从而使破坏的染色质结构的DNA的酸水解（使用次氯酸）。另外，在女性meiocytes和配子体细胞染色体的组织可以利用DAPI染色和免疫染色的半薄切片或解剖胚囊和MMC（例如见14-18）进行观察。但是很显然，人工剥离和切片可以是劳动密集和阻碍对大量染色质抗原表位的定性和定量分析。 在这里，我们提供了一个有效的协议准备了大量适合各种在整个贴装下游细胞学染色拟南芥胚珠。简言之，花芽孵育在固定剂溶液中，行胚珠从心皮解剖并嵌入在丙烯酰胺上滑动为已完成对花粉meiocytes 19,20。嵌入式胚珠进一步清除并固定在甲醇，乙醇，和细胞壁消化和透之前二甲苯。这些步骤可能的变化进行了探讨。样品随后可以用于DNA染色，免疫染色，以及鱼。编写模式是有效的，并允许并行实验装置（最多16个幻灯片可以在一天内进行制备为不同的下游分析）。所描述的治疗方法使信号均匀在全安装和保存完好的组织，细胞，和在生殖细胞和周围的珠心细胞，这些细胞有利于细胞类型之间的定性和定量的比较核的组织。校准，激光共聚焦显微镜为基础的高分辨率成像后的3维重建使荧光信号有意义的定量测量。我们成功地使用这个程序来分析染色质动态的区分MMC 21和发展中国家雌配子体22;我们在座的异染色质的分析，染色质免疫染色，免疫组化绿色荧光蛋白和FISH在整个安装胚珠的代表性结果。我们还认为，我们的协议将适用于其他植物组织和物种。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="993">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:259px;"><a name="RANGE!A1:D39">Name of Material/ Equipment</a></td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:481px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:259px;">Solutions</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">BVO Fixation Buffer (based on32)</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">2mM EGTA, pH7.5, 1% (v/v) Formaldehyde,10% DMSO, 1&#215; PBS, 0.1% Tween-20</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PBT</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">1&#215; PBS, 0.1% Tween-20</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PBT-F</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">1&#215; PBT, 2.5% (v/v) formaldehyde</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">30% acrylamide:bisacrylamide&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">3g acrylamide, 0.33g bisacrylamide, 1&#215; PBS (prepare 10ml, store at 4&#176;C)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">200mL&#160; 5% acrylamide mix in PBS&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">34mL 30% acrylamide:bisacrylamide, 166mL 1&#215; PBS (make fresh from 30% stock)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">20% ammoniumpersulfte&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">0.2g ammoniumpersulfte, 1mL sterile water (prepare aliquots with 1mL and store at -20&#176;C)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;">20% sodium sulfite&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">0.2g sodium sulfite, 1mL sterile water (prepare aliquots with 1mL and store at -20&#176;C)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cell wall enzyme mix</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">0.5% (w/v) cellulase, 1% (w/v) driselase, 0.5% (w/v) pectolyase</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:259px;"></td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Reagents and Materials</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Formaldehyde</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F1635</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMSO</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D5879</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tris</td>
			<td>Amaresco</td>
			<td>0497</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td>Schaurlau</td>
			<td>ET00102500</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Methanol</td>
			<td>Schaurlau</td>
			<td>ME03062500</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Xylene</td>
			<td>ROTH</td>
			<td>4436.1</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cellulase</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>1794</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Driselase</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D8037</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pectolyase</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P5936</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween-20</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>8.22184.0500</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">EGTA</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>E-4378</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">acrylamide</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A-3553</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">bisacrylamide</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M2022</td>
			<td style="width:481px;">toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ammoniumpersulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A9164</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium sulfite</td>
			<td>Fluka</td>
			<td>71988</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anti-trimethyl-Histone H3 (Lys4)</td>
			<td>Upstate</td>
			<td>07-473</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Anti- monomethyl-Histone H3 (Lys27)</td>
			<td>Upstate</td>
			<td>07-448</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa Fluor 488~goat ~anti ~rabbit (H+L)</td>
			<td>Molecular Probe</td>
			<td>A11008</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ProlongGold</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>P36934</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Propidium iodide</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P4170</td>
			<td style="width:481px;">toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DAPI</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D9542</td>
			<td style="width:481px;">toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">RNAse A</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>10109169001</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Coplin jar</td>
			<td>Huber &#38; CO</td>
			<td>10.055</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Forceps</td>
			<td>DUMONT BIOLOGY</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Shaker</td>
			<td>Heidolph</td>
			<td>543-12310-00-0</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:39px;">Moist chamber</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;">A plastic box with damp paper towel inside, a plastic support is put into the box for supporting the slides and keep slides from the water.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Superfrost Plus slide</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td>J1800AMNZ</td>
			<td style="width:481px;">Menzel-Gl&#228;ser</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">FISH Tag DNA KIt</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>F32947</td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:259px;">GFP booster</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">Chromotek</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:481px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

an efficient method for quantitative, single-cell analysis of chromatin modification and nuclear architecture in whole-mount ovules in arabidopsis

在开花植物的体细胞到生殖细胞命运转变是在成人的植物花器官标志着孢子母细胞的规范（校董会）。女性SMC（大孢子母细胞，MMC）区分在胚珠原基和经历减数分裂。所选择的单倍体孢子然后经历有丝分裂，以形成多细胞雌配子体，这将产生配子，卵细胞和中央细胞，连同附件细胞。在MMC，meiocyte和雌配子体的胚珠内的有限的辅助功能是进行细胞学技术挑战性和细胞遗传学分析在单细胞水平上。具体地讲，蜂窝式或核抗原表位直接或间接的免疫检测是由植物细胞和单细胞成像内的试剂的渗透差的障是由缺乏在整个安装组织的光学透明性的批租。 因此，我们开发了分析原子核的有效方法耳组织和染色质修饰在整个安装嵌入式拟南芥胚珠高分辨率单细胞。它是基于解剖和固定胚珠嵌入在丙烯酰胺凝胶上的显微镜载玻片的薄层。嵌入式胚珠受到旨在提高组织的清晰度和通透的免疫染色试剂化学和酶处理。这些治疗维持细胞和染色质组织，DNA和蛋白质的表位。样本可以用于不同的下游细胞学分析，包括染色质免疫染色，荧光原位杂交（FISH），和DNA染色为异分析。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）成像，分辨率高，其次是三维重建允许在单细胞分辨率的定量测量。

我们提供了一个强大的协议大规模制备适合于在全安装细胞学染色拟南芥胚珠和处理。由于嵌入，胚珠保留的3维结构（ 图3）。此外，该组织处理，包括光学澄清，使成像的亚细胞结构的高分辨率。 图4显示了DNA染色在异染色质出现明亮，明确显眼灶（无反褶积用于此图片）整个安装胚珠原基。这些图像被用于分析在MMC和珠心（ 图4）21异的内?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis at JoVE.com

An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis

定量，单细胞在全安装胚珠在染色质修饰和核体系结构分析的有效方法<em&gt;拟南芥</em

我们在这里提供了一个高效，可靠的协议进行免疫染色，荧光原位杂交，DNA染色后在整个安装拟南芥胚珠定量，高分辨率成像。该方法已成功地用于分析染色质修饰和核架构。

In flowering plants, the somatic-to-reproductive cell fate transition is marked by the specification of spore mother cells (SMCs) in floral organs of the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis

Double Whole Mount in situ Hybridization of Early Chick Embryos

双整装原位杂交技术在早期鸡胚

The chick embryo is a valuable tool in the study of early embryonic development. Its transparency, accessibility and ease of manipulation, make it an ...

科研

生物学

Method for Whole Mount Antibody Staining in Chick

整装在鸡的抗体染色方法

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

单从小鼠锥感光细胞吸录音

Rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina are responsible for light detection. In darkness, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels in the outer segment ...

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

嗨 - C：一个方法研究基因组的三维架构。

The three-dimensional folding of chromosomes compartmentalizes the genome and and can bring distant functional elements, such as promoters and enhancers, ...

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

可视化和分析的mRNA分子，使用荧光<em&gt;在原位</em&gt;杂交<em&gt;酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）</em

The Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) method allows one to detect nucleic acids in the native cellular environment. Here we provide a protocol for ...

Measuring Spatial and Temporal Ca2+ Signals in Arabidopsis Plants

Measuring Spatial and Temporal Ca2+ Signals in Arabidopsis Plants

测量时空的Ca<sup&gt; 2 +</sup&gt;在拟南芥信号

Developmental and environmental cues induce Ca2+ fluctuations in plant cells. Stimulus-specific spatial-temporal Ca2+ patterns are sensed by cellular Ca2+ ...

A Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization Method for the Gastropod Mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis

A Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization Method for the Gastropod Mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis

整个山<em&gt;原位</em&gt;对腹足软体动物杂交方法<em&gt;静水椎实螺</em

Whole mount in situ hybridization (WMISH) is a technique that allows for the spatial resolution of nucleic acid molecules (often mRNAs) within a ...

CUBIC Protocol Visualizes Protein Expression at Single Cell Resolution in Whole Mount Skin Preparations

CUBIC协议可视化在全山皮肤配方单细胞分辨率蛋白表达

The skin is essential for our survival. The outer epidermal layer consists of the interfollicular epidermis, which is a stratified squamous epithelium ...

Visualization of 3D White Adipose Tissue Structure Using Whole-mount Staining

三维白色脂肪组织结构的全装染色可视化

Adipose tissue is an important metabolic organ with high plasticity and is responsive to environmental stimuli and nutrient status. As such, various ...

An Easy and Flexible Inoculation Method for Accurately Assessing Powdery Mildew-Infection Phenotypes of Arabidopsis and Other Plants

一种简单灵活的接种方法，用于准确评估拟南芥和其他植物的白粉病感染表型

Reducing crop losses due to fungal diseases requires improved understanding of the mechanisms governing plant immunity and fungal pathogenesis, which in ...