Name: in vitro cell culture model for toxic inhaled chemical testing
Uploaded: 2014-05-08T15:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In vitro Cell Culture Model for Toxic Inhaled Chemical Testing at JoVE.com

这项研究是由抵消计划，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH），办公室主任，以及环境卫生科学研究所（NIEHS）授权号码U54 ES015678（CWW）的支持。 SA也由儿童医院的矿业合作试点奖＃G0100394和儿童医院科罗拉多研究所研究试点奖＃G0100471的科罗拉多州/科罗拉多学院的支持。

1。大鼠心肌细胞培养<ol><li>根据批准的机构动物护理和使用委员会，IACUC协议被执行的所有实验。 </li><li>从雄性大鼠使用前面4描述的方法的心（心室）（240-260克）获得大鼠心肌细胞。简单地说，用腹腔注射戊巴比妥麻醉动物（100毫克/千克;用脚趾捏法确认麻醉），然后取出心，10.0毫升，1毫米的Ca 2 +含克雷布斯Ringer缓冲液，pH值7.4。 </li><li>漂洗心中5-6倍，除去血液，然后切换到...

<ol>
	<li>Mohan, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acute+accidental+exposure+to+chlorine+gas:+clinical+presentation,+pulmonary+functions+and+outcomes.">Acute accidental exposure to chlorine gas: clinical presentation, pulmonary functions and outcomes.</a> Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 52, 149-152 (2010).</li><li>Kose, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myocardial+infarction,+acute+ischemic+stroke,+and+hyperglycemia+triggered+by+acute+chlorine+gas+inhalation.">Myocardial infarction, acute ischemic stroke, and hyperglycemia triggered by acute chlorine gas inhalation.</a> Am J Emerg Med. 27, 1021-1024 (2009).</li><li>Das, R., Blanc, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chlorine+gas+exposure+and+the+lung:+a+review.">Chlorine gas exposure and the lung: a review.</a> Toxicol Ind Health. 9, 439-455 (1993).</li><li>Claycomb, W. C., Palazzo, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Culture+of+the+terminally+differentiated+adult+cardiac+muscle+cell:+a+light+and+scanning+electron+microscope+study.">Culture of the terminally differentiated adult cardiac muscle cell: a light and scanning electron microscope study.</a> Dev Biol. 80, 466-482 (1980).</li><li>Ahmad, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bcl-2+suppresses+sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic+reticulum+Ca2+-ATPase+expression+in+cystic+fibrosis+airways:+role+in+oxidant-mediated+cell+death.">Bcl-2 suppresses sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase expression in cystic fibrosis airways: role in oxidant-mediated cell death.</a> Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 179, 816-826 (2009).</li><li>Ahmad, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+factor+signals+airway+epithelial+basal+cell+survival+via+coagulation+and+protease-activated+receptor+isoforms+1+and+2.">Tissue factor signals airway epithelial basal cell survival via coagulation and protease-activated receptor isoforms 1 and 2.</a> Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 48, 94-104 (2013).</li><li>Lam, H. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+mouse+respiratory+epithelial+cells+and+exposure+to+experimental+cigarette+smoke+at+air+liquid+interface.">Isolation of mouse respiratory epithelial cells and exposure to experimental cigarette smoke at air liquid interface.</a> J Vis Exp. (48), (2011).</li><li>Hosokawa, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differentiation+of+tracheal+basal+cells+to+ciliated+cells+and+tissue+reconstruction+on+the+synthesized+basement+membrane+substratum+in+vitro.">Differentiation of tracheal basal cells to ciliated cells and tissue reconstruction on the synthesized basement membrane substratum in vitro.</a> Connect Tissue Res. 48, 9-18 (2007).</li><li>Fulcher, M. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Well-differentiated+human+airway+epithelial+cell+cultures.">Well-differentiated human airway epithelial cell cultures.</a> Methods Mol Med. , 107-183 (2005).</li><li>Ahmad, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SERCA2+regulates+non-CF+and+CF+airway+epithelial+cell+response+to+ozone.">SERCA2 regulates non-CF and CF airway epithelial cell response to ozone.</a> PloS One. 6, e10 (2011).</li><li>Martin, J. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chlorine-induced+injury+to+the+airways+in+mice.">Chlorine-induced injury to the airways in mice.</a> Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 168, 568-574 (2003).</li><li>Evans, R. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chlorine:+state+of+the+art.">Chlorine: state of the art.</a> Lung. 183, 151-167 (2005).</li><li>Vliet, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Formation+of+reactive+nitrogen+species+during+peroxidase-catalyzed+oxidation+of+nitrite.+A+potential+additional+mechanism+of+nitric+oxide-dependent+toxicity.">Formation of reactive nitrogen species during peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of nitrite. A potential additional mechanism of nitric oxide-dependent toxicity.</a> J Biol Chem. 272, 7617-7625 (1997).</li><li>Ahmad, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lung+epithelial+cells+release+ATP+during+ozone+exposure:+signaling+for+cell+survival.">Lung epithelial cells release ATP during ozone exposure: signaling for cell survival.</a> Free Radic Biol Med. 39, 213-226 (2005).</li><li>Allen, C. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+automated+system+for+exposure+of+cultured+cells+and+other+materials+to+ozone.">An automated system for exposure of cultured cells and other materials to ozone.</a> Inhal Toxicol. 15, 1039-1052 (2003).</li></ol>

当一个人呼吸有毒化学进入肺部急性毒性暴露的最常见的类型出现。这些化学物质也可以迅速吸收到血液中，并可能影响其他器官，如大脑和心脏。利用动物模型各种药剂吸入毒性进行了研究和广泛报道，但是机制了解较少。这是开发有效的治疗的一个主要障碍。 体外照射系统的缺席的背后是缺乏机械的见解的一个主要原因。在这里，我们描述了心脏肌肉和呼吸道，研究吸入有毒的化学物...

接触有毒化学物质吸入（国际信托）/气体如氯（Cl 2）保持在意外风险，以及在其作为化学威胁代理可能使用一个持续的健康问题。虽然肺是主要的目标，器官，如心脏和大脑也受到影响1-3。 体内模型通常用于从国际信托测试毒性，但在体外实验进行毒性评估更简单，更快速，更具成本效益。 在体外模型还允许对可能难以在体内评估代理-细胞相互作用广泛的调查。这种体外曝光系统是罕见的，而且，在有毒物质被添加到其中的细胞被淹没培养基某些常规型号，代理商的属性可以改变由于相互作用和结合的培养基成分。在这样的情况下的细胞培养系统，例如气 - 液界面（ALI人原代气道上皮细胞，在这里提出，可直接暴露于气态试剂的）培养物可能是有希望的。 上皮细胞衬里的气道是抵御吸入有毒化学品的第一线。人类气道上皮细胞形成在肺中的腔管和相关的细胞之间的物理屏障，并参与肺的响应。它产生的许多细胞因子和其他亲和抗炎剂，以及分泌粘液/气道表面液体（ASL）覆盖的上皮。一个在常规浸没在体外培养系统中的限制也是覆盖上皮表面ASL和粘液除去或稀释。这并不反映被暴露在空气中的肺上皮细胞的生理条件。因此， 在体外系统的理想旅游业议会毒性试验应重复这种架构。目前在开发快速筛选米的极大兴趣ethods的预测体内毒性。在ALI生长上皮细胞分化并具有分化良好的结构和功能相比，细胞生长淹没和服务于呼吸道的卓越典范。 在这项研究中，我们描述了使用人的气道（支气管）上皮细胞，用于测试有毒气体吸入毒性气 - 液界面培养物，并将其与心肌细胞的浸没式细胞培养进行比较，从而研究毒性的另一个重要目标。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1128">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Rats</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Harlan Laboratories</td>
			<td>Sprague-Dawley&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Pentobarbital</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">P3761</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Chlorine</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">AirGas, Inc</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">X02NI99CP163LS1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Caspase 3/7 kit&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Promega</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">G8091</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Epithelial voltohmmeter and chopstick electrode</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">EVOM and STX2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:487px;">Snapwell inserts</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">07-200-708</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">70 micron nylon cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">#352360</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Polysulfone biocontainment chambers&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">BCU, Allentown Cage Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">BCU</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Life technologies</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">12491-015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Sarcomeric actin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Abcam Cambridge, MA</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">ab28052</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SERCA2 antibody</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">&#160;Affinity Bioreagents, Golden, CO</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">MA3-9191</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ki-67 antibody</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">&#160;Dako, Carpinteria, CA</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">M7248</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa-488-conjugated secondary antibody</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">&#160;Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">A11029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">A9418</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Carnitine</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">C0283</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Taurine</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">T8691</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Creatinine</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">C6257</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Krebs Ringer Buffer</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">K4002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Protease</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">P5147</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Collagenase</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">C6885</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; DNAase</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">DN-25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Lactated Ringer solution</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Abott Laboratories</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">7953</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Donkey serum</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">017-000-001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">PBS, phosphate buffered saline</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">D1408</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">4-15% SDS-PAGE gels</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">456-1083</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Nitrocellulose membrane</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">162-0115</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Dergent, Tween&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">P1379</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Peroxidase detection kit</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Pierce</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:147px;">3402</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">DAPI</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">D9542</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Mounting media, Fluormount G</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">eBiosciences</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">00-4958-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Sodium citrate</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">71497</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Collagen</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">C7521</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">MEM</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">M8028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Laminin</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">BD biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">354259</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">Penicillin/Streptomycin</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">15070063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:487px;">FBS</td>
			<td style="width:329px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">200-6140AJ</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vitro cell culture model for toxic inhaled chemical testing

细胞培养是必不可少的开发和研究治疗药物，其在动物模型中使用前药效。我们的模型以及分化的人类气道上皮细胞和心脏肌肉细胞的独特能力。这可能是非常有用的工具来研究的毒性吸入的化学物质，如氯，可以通常与细胞表面相互作用，并且在与水反应，并限制了它们在液态培养的影响形成的各种副产物的有害影响。采用高分化人支气管上皮细胞培养在空中liqiuid接口我们的模型绕过这个限制，以及提供了一个机会，以评估潜在的有毒化学物质吸入毒性的关键机制。我们描述了增强的损失细胞膜的完整性，一旦吸入有毒化学蛋白酶的释放和死亡，如氯曝光。在这篇文章中，我们提出的方法氯气暴露在哺乳动物心脏和呼吸道上皮C型号英语学习者的文化和简单的测试，以评估其对这些细胞类型的影响。

主要杆状心肌细胞上附着层粘连蛋白基质和蔓延，并分化成融合培养（ 图1A和它的插图）。这些细胞的特征还在于肌节肌动蛋白和SERCA2表达（ 图1B和1C）的基础上。大鼠心肌细胞极易受到氯气的毒性为15分钟暴露于100ppm的氯引起广泛的细胞变圆，死在水下文化和融合层破坏的生长层粘连蛋白涂层膜（ 图1D）细胞。以前也有增强细胞凋亡通过半胱天?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In vitro Cell Culture Model for Toxic Inhaled Chemical Testing at JoVE.com

In vitro Cell Culture Model for Toxic Inhaled Chemical Testing

此协议的目的是证明细胞培养物对吸入有毒化学品的曝光方法。曝光的区别空气 - 液体界面的气道上皮细胞（ALI）的培养物提供了呼吸道暴露于有毒气体，如氯气的独特模式。在这个手稿，我们描述对上皮细胞的气-液界面培养氯曝光和心肌细胞的液体培养的效果。 体外曝光系统允许重要机理研究，以评估，然 ​​后可以用于开发新的治疗剂的途径。

对于中吸入有毒化学测试体外细胞培养模型

Cell cultures are indispensable to develop and study efficacy of therapeutic agents, prior to their use in animal models. We have the unique ability to ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

In vitro Cell Culture Model for Toxic Inhaled Chemical Testing

Microfluidic Device for Recreating a Tumor Microenvironment in Vitro

Microfluidic Device for Recreating a Tumor Microenvironment in Vitro

微流控装置重新创建一个肿瘤微环境<em在体外</em

We have developed a microfluidic device that mimics the delivery and systemic clearance of drugs to heterogeneous three-dimensional tumor tissues in ...

科研

生物工程

A Method for Ovarian Follicle Encapsulation and Culture in a Proteolytically Degradable 3 Dimensional System

卵泡在蛋白质降解的3维系统的封装和文化的一种方法

The ovarian follicle is the functional unit of the ovary that secretes sex hormones and supports oocyte maturation. In vitro  follicle techniques provide ...

Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture

形状记忆聚合物主动细胞培养

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are a class of "smart" materials that have the ability to change from a fixed, temporary shape to a pre-determined permanent ...

Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Seeding Technology and Biocompatibility Testing For Cardiovascular Devices in Large Animal Model

自体内皮祖细胞播种技术和生物相容性在大动物模型的心血管设备的测试

Implantable cardiovascular devices are manufactured from artificial materials (e.g. titanium (Ti), expanded polytetrafluoroethylene), which pose the risk ...

Rotating Cell Culture Systems for Human Cell Culture: Human Trophoblast Cells as a Model

旋转的人类细胞培养的细胞培养系统：作为一种模式的滋养细胞

The field of human trophoblast research aids in  understanding the complex environment established during placentation. Due to the  nature of these ...

Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial (RhCE) Tissue Model

Eye Irritation Test EIT for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial RhCE Tissue Model

眼刺激试验（EIT）使用重构型人角膜上皮样（RHCE）组织模型眼刺激性化学品危险性鉴定

To comply with the Seventh Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive and EU REACH legislation, validated non-animal alternative methods for reliable and ...

Light-mediated Formation and Patterning of Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications

用于细胞培养应用光介导的形成和构图的水凝胶

Click chemistries have been investigated for use in numerous biomaterials applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cell culture. In ...

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

一个<em&gt;体外</em鼠类的椎间盘&gt;器官培养模型

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant contributor to low back pain. The IVD is a fibrocartilaginous joint that serves to transmit and ...

Methodology for Biomimetic Chemical Neuromodulation of Rat Retinas with the Neurotransmitter Glutamate In Vitro

Methodology for Biomimetic Chemical Neuromodulation of Rat Retinas with the Neurotransmitter Glutamate In Vitro

大鼠视网膜仿生化学调节的神经递质谷氨酸的体外实验方法

Photoreceptor degenerative diseases cause irreparable blindness through the progressive loss of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Retinal prostheses are ...

A Human 3D Extracellular Matrix-Adipocyte Culture Model for Studying Matrix-Cell Metabolic Crosstalk

用于研究基质细胞代谢串扰的人类3D细胞外基质-脂肪培养模型

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, engaging in crosstalk with cells and regulating multiple aspects of ...