Name: analysis of the epithelial damage produced by entamoeba histolytica infection
Uploaded: 2014-06-12T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection at JoVE.com

This work was supported by grants from the Institute of Science and Technology of the Federal District (ICyTDF, 64/2012 to EO) and the Mexican Council for Science and Technology (Conacyt, 179895 to MS).

Eの1。確立と維持アメーバ培養 <ol><li> （他のすべての汚染の生物の完全無料）無菌的に成長する赤痢アメーバ株のHMLの1×10 5栄養型：InterScan MSSはテフロンライナースクリューキャップ（または使い捨てのT-1×10 6栄養型と18 125×16 mm培養チューブのクローンを作成するTYI-S-33培地、3％ダイヤモンドビタミン混合物を補充した（TYIブロス、10％熱不活?...

<ol>
	<li>Faust, D. M., Guillen, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Virulence+and+virulence+factors+in+Entamoeba+histolytica,+the+agent+of+human+amoebiasis.">Virulence and virulence factors in Entamoeba histolytica, the agent of human amoebiasis.</a> Microbes Infect. 14, 1428-1441 (2012).</li><li>Stauffer, W., Ravdin, J. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Entamoeba+histolytica:+an+update.">Entamoeba histolytica: an update.</a> Curr Opin Infect Dis. 16, 479-485 (2003).</li><li>Santi-Rocca, J., Rigothier, M. C., Guillen, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Host-microbe+interactions+and+defense+mechanisms+in+the+development+of+amoebic+liver+abscesses.">Host-microbe interactions and defense mechanisms in the development of amoebic liver abscesses.</a> Clin Microbiol Rev. 22, 65-75 (2009).</li><li>Turner, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intestinal+mucosal+barrier+function+in+health+and+disease.">Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease.</a> Nat Rev Immunol. 9, 799-809 (2009).</li><li>Garcia-Rivera, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Entamoeba+histolytica+:+a+novel+cysteine+protease+and+an+adhesin+form+the+112+kDa+surface+protein.">Entamoeba histolytica : a novel cysteine protease and an adhesin form the 112 kDa surface protein.</a> Mol Microbiol. 33, 556-568 (1999).</li><li>Leippe, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amoebapores.">Amoebapores.</a> Parasitol Today. 13, 178-183 (1997).</li><li>Leippe, M., Bruhn, H., Hecht, O., Grotzinger, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ancient+weapons:+the+three-dimensional+structure+of+amoebapore.">Ancient weapons: the three-dimensional structure of amoebapore.</a> A. Trends Parasitol. 21, 5-7 (2005).</li><li>Ocadiz, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=EhCP112+is+an+Entamoeba+histolytica+secreted+cysteine+protease+that+may+be+involved+in+the+parasite-virulence.">EhCP112 is an Entamoeba histolytica secreted cysteine protease that may be involved in the parasite-virulence.</a> Cell Microbiol. 7, 221-232 (2005).</li><li>Sajid, M., McKerrow, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cysteine+proteases+of+parasitic+organisms.">Cysteine proteases of parasitic organisms.</a> Mol Biochem Parasitol. 120, 1-21 (2002).</li><li>Betanzos, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+EhCPADH112+complex+of+Entamoeba+histolytica+interacts+with+tight+junction+proteins+occludin+and+claudin-1+to+produce+epithelial+damage.">The EhCPADH112 complex of Entamoeba histolytica interacts with tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-1 to produce epithelial damage.</a> PLoS One. 8, (2013).</li><li>Lauwaet, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proteinase+inhibitors+TPCK+and+TLCK+prevent+Entamoeba+histolytica+induced+disturbance+of+tight+junctions+and+microvilli+in+enteric+cell+layers+in+vitro.">Proteinase inhibitors TPCK and TLCK prevent Entamoeba histolytica induced disturbance of tight junctions and microvilli in enteric cell layers in vitro.</a> Int J Parasitol. 34, 785-794 (2004).</li><li>Leroy, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contact-dependent+transfer+of+the+galactose-specific+lectin+of+Entamoeba+histolytica+to+the+lateral+surface+of+enterocytes+in+culture.">Contact-dependent transfer of the galactose-specific lectin of Entamoeba histolytica to the lateral surface of enterocytes in culture.</a> Infect Immun. 63, 4253-4260 (1995).</li><li>Leroy, A., Lauwaet, T., De Bruyne, G., Cornelissen, M., Mareel, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Entamoeba+histolytica+disturbs+the+tight+junction+complex+in+human+enteric+T84+cell+layers.">Entamoeba histolytica disturbs the tight junction complex in human enteric T84 cell layers.</a> FASEB J. 14, 1139-1146 (2000).</li><li>Leroy, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Disturbance+of+tight+junctions+by+Entamoeba+histolytica:+resistant+vertebrate+cell+types+and+incompetent+trophozoites.">Disturbance of tight junctions by Entamoeba histolytica: resistant vertebrate cell types and incompetent trophozoites.</a> Arch Med Res. 31, (2000).</li><li>Lauwaet, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Entamoeba+histolytica+trophozoites+transfer+lipophosphopeptidoglycans+to+enteric+cell+layers.">Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites transfer lipophosphopeptidoglycans to enteric cell layers.</a> Int J Parasitol. 34, 549-556 (2004).</li><li>Kissoon-Singh, V., Moreau, F., Trusevych, E., Chadee, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Entamoeba+histolytica+Exacerbates+Epithelial+Tight+Junction+Permeability+and+Proinflammatory+Responses+in+Muc2(-/-)+Mice.">Entamoeba histolytica Exacerbates Epithelial Tight Junction Permeability and Proinflammatory Responses in Muc2(-/-) Mice.</a> Am J Pathol. 182, 852-865 (2013).</li><li>Lejeune, M., Moreau, F., Chadee, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prostaglandin+E2+produced+by+Entamoeba+histolytica+signals+via+EP4+receptor+and+alters+claudin-4+to+increase+ion+permeability+of+tight+junctions.">Prostaglandin E2 produced by Entamoeba histolytica signals via EP4 receptor and alters claudin-4 to increase ion permeability of tight junctions.</a> Am J Pathol. 179, 807-818 (2011).</li><li>Orozco, M. E., Martinez Palomo, A., Gonzalez Robles, A., Guarneros, G., Galindo, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interactions+between+lectin+and+receptor+mediate+the+adhesion+of+E.+histolytica+to+epithelial+cells.+Relation+of+adhesion+to+the+virulence+of+the+strains.">Interactions between lectin and receptor mediate the adhesion of E. histolytica to epithelial cells. Relation of adhesion to the virulence of the strains.</a> Arch Invest Med (Mex). 13 Suppl 3, 159-167 (1982).</li><li>Diamond, L. S., Harlow, D. R., Cunnick, C. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+medium+for+the+axenic+cultivation+of+Entamoeba+histolytica+and+other+Entamoeba.">A new medium for the axenic cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica and other Entamoeba.</a> Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 72, 431-432 (1978).</li><li>Strober, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Trypan+blue+exclusion+test+of+cell+viability.">Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability.</a> Curr Protoc Immunol. Appendix 3, (2001).</li><li>Arroyo, R., Orozco, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Localization+and+identification+of+an+Entamoeba+histolytica+adhesin.">Localization and identification of an Entamoeba histolytica adhesin.</a> Mol Biochem Parasitol. 23, 151-158 (1987).</li><li>Diamond, L. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Axenic+cultivation+of+Entamoeba+hitolytica.">Axenic cultivation of Entamoeba hitolytica.</a> Science. 134, 336-337 (1961).</li><li>Diamond, L. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Techniques+of+axenic+cultivation+of+Entamoeba+histolytica+Schaudinn,+1903+and+E.+histolytica-like+amebae.">Techniques of axenic cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica Schaudinn, 1903 and E. histolytica-like amebae.</a> J Parasitol. 54, 1047-1056 (1968).</li><li>Dukes, J. D., Whitley, P., Chalmers, A. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+MDCK+variety+pack:+choosing+the+right+strain.">The MDCK variety pack: choosing the right strain.</a> BMC Cell Biol. 12, (2011).</li><li>Espinosa-Cantellano, M., Martinez-Palomo, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pathogenesis+of+intestinal+amebiasis:+from+molecules+to+disease.">Pathogenesis of intestinal amebiasis: from molecules to disease.</a> Clin Microbiol Rev. 13, 318-331 (2000).</li><li>Martinez-Palomo, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Structural+bases+of+the+cytolytic+mechanisms+of+Entamoeba+histolytica.">Structural bases of the cytolytic mechanisms of Entamoeba histolytica.</a> J Protozool. 32, 166-175 (1985).</li><li>Martinez-Lopez, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+EhADH112+recombinant+polypeptide+inhibits+cell+destruction+and+liver+abscess+formation+by+Entamoeba+histolytica+trophozoites.">The EhADH112 recombinant polypeptide inhibits cell destruction and liver abscess formation by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites.</a> Cell Microbiol. 6, 367-376 (2004).</li><li>Ocadiz-Ruiz, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+the+silencing+of+the+Ehcp112+gene+on+the+in+vitro+virulence+of+Entamoeba+histolytica.">Effect of the silencing of the Ehcp112 gene on the in vitro virulence of Entamoeba histolytica.</a> Parasit Vectors. 6, 248 (2013).</li><li>Johnson, L. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Applications+of+imaging+techniques+to+studies+of+epithelial+tight+junctions.">Applications of imaging techniques to studies of epithelial tight junctions.</a> Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 57, 111-121 (2005).</li></ol>

E.により、上皮感染中インビトロ宿主-病原体相互作用を研究するためにアメーバは、上皮細胞と栄養の両方の老舗の文化と連携することが重要である。例えば、以前は、E.アメーバ培養は通常、細菌やtrypanosomatids 22,23の特定の種に関連して確立されていた。 Eのが、共培養アメーバ培養宿主細胞で観察された影響がはっきりとameobasに帰するこ?...

赤痢アメーバは、人間のアメーバ、炎症や下痢を引き起こす腸の感染症の責任ある単細胞の原生動物である。E.アメーバは毎年5000万個人にまで感染するが、感染者の約10％がアメーバ1に関連した症状を起こす。感染はEを含む汚染された食物や水の摂取時に起こるアメーバ嚢胞 。腸内で、嚢胞は、大腸ムチンに付着し、2を増殖するライブ栄養型を生産する。栄養型は通常、便を経由して排泄される嚢胞を形成している。他のケースではまだ未知の理由のために、栄養型は腸管上皮層を破壊し、下層組織に侵入する。最悪のケースでは、それらは血流に入り、肝臓3など他の臓器に影響を与える。 上皮バリアを破ることは入社細胞を維持する上皮性膜貫通構造の破壊を必要とします。上皮細胞連絡先はタイト（TJ）からなる頂端接合部複合体により形成され、接合（AJ）を接着結合、および4をデスモソームている。ほとんどの頂端接合部は、TJであるため、彼らはEで侮辱し第一関門であるホスト侵入中にアメーバといくつかの他の病原体。 TJは、隣接セルの受容体とホモまたは異種相互作用に関与クローディン、オクルディンおよび接合部接着分子（JAM）のような膜貫通接着受容体で構成されている。それらは、細胞内で上皮にさらなる機械的強度を提供するために、アクチン細胞骨格に接着レセプターを接続する閉鎖帯（ZO）ファミリーの足場分子によって結合される。 TJは、過剰な水および溶質の漏れを防止する、腸管内腔から腸組織をシールするための責任がある。 TJは、寄生虫によって破壊された後にこのように、組織を侵略している。E. （I）TARGにアメーバの接着に関与するもの： アメーバのようないくつかの分子を分泌するらセル5; （ii）は、例えば、エキソサイトーシスによって宿主細胞の殺傷に関与する膜活性因子、6,7 amoebaporesと呼ばれるイオンチャネル形成ペプチドを;および（iii）細胞外マトリックスタンパク質を分解し、組織崩壊を媒介5,8,9プロテイナーゼ。 一緒にEhCPADH112複合体を形成するシステインプロテアーゼEhCP112及び接着分子EhADH112は、2つのE.あるTJ 10の分解に大きな役割を果たしているアメーバの病原性タンパク質。ライブ栄養型、それらの総溶解物および分泌された製品は、上皮バリアのTJ複雑で機能障害の分子の変化を誘導する。本研究では、EhCP112とEhADH112は、このようにEを容易に細胞タンパク質の内在化と分解をもたらすオクルディンとクローディン1タンパク質と相互作用することが示されている傍細胞経路を介したアメーバの入り口。 我々のデータは、これらのOF他のグループ11から17を強く寄生虫の侵入を可能にする特定宿主-病原体相互作用の必要性を示唆している。これらの相互作用の分子基盤を解明することはアメーバ症の病因のより良い理解のために最も重要である。傍細胞透過性の増大によって特徴付け栄養によるTJの選択的な外乱が、経上皮電気抵抗（TER）の減少によって測定することができる。宿主上皮に向かって寄生タンパク質の移動は、免疫蛍光染色および共焦点レーザー顕微鏡法も可能での直接的な相互作用を示す上皮接合部のマーカーとアメーバの病原性因子の共局在を明らかにすることができる方法によって決定することができる。この記事では、上皮細胞と栄養が、栽培収穫し、宿主 - 病原体相互作用とその結果を検討するために操作する方法を詳細に説明します。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Entamoeba histolytica HM1:IMSS, Clone A&#160;</td>
			<td>IMSS Hospital, Mexico</td>
			<td>Without/number</td>
			<td>Virulent trophozoites18&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="8">TYI broth</td>
			<td rowspan="8">Becton, Dickinson and Company 
			Merck 
			Merck 
			Merck 
			J.T. Baker 
			Reproquifin 
			SIGMA-Aldrich 
			SIGMA-Aldrich</td>
			<td rowspan="8">211862 
			K35625437 626 
			21578 
			4873 
			3252-01 
			CAS 50-81-7 
			C7880 
			F-5879</td>
			<td rowspan="8">3.45% BBL Biosate peptone 
			58 mM glucose 
			39 mM NaCl 
			5 mM KH2PO4 
			6.5 mM K2HPO4 
			16.3 mM ascorbic acid 
			8.1 mM L-cysteine 
			&#160;0.1 mM ferric ammonium citrate, adjust pH 6.819</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum adult</td>
			<td>Microlab , Labs., Mex.</td>
			<td>SU146</td>
			<td>Use at 10% and inactivated to 56&#176; C for 30 min</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Diamond&#160; vitamin&#160; mixture- Tween 80</td>
			<td>In vitro</td>
			<td>SR-07</td>
			<td>Use at 3%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin&#160;</td>
			<td>Lakeside,&#160; M&#233;x.</td>
			<td>34564SSA IV</td>
			<td>0.5 IU/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Streptomycin&#160;</td>
			<td>Lakeside,&#160; M&#233;x.</td>
			<td>75757SSA IV</td>
			<td>35 &#181;g/ mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pyrex 15 mL screw cap culture tubes with PTFE lined phenolic caps</td>
			<td>Corning-Pyrex</td>
			<td>9826-16X</td>
			<td>16x125 mm, capacity 15 mL and caps fabricated from special formula resistant to effects of temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cell culture plates, 6 Well</td>
			<td>Corning-Costar</td>
			<td>3516</td>
			<td>Sterile plates, well diameter 34.8 mm and growth area 9.5 cm2.&#160; Rings on lid prevent cross-contamination</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>25cm2 cell culture flask</td>
			<td>Corning-Costar</td>
			<td>430168</td>
			<td>Canted neck flasks</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MDCK (Madin Darby canine kidney) type I</td>
			<td>American Type Culture Collection</td>
			<td>CCL34</td>
			<td>Kidney epithelial cells grown between the 60th and 90th passage</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM medium&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco&#160;</td>
			<td>12800-017</td>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s Modified Eagle Medium with high glucose.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Neonate Calf Serum</td>
			<td>In vitro</td>
			<td>S-02</td>
			<td>Use at 10%.&#160;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin/Streptomycin mixture&#160;</td>
			<td>In vitro&#160;</td>
			<td>A-01</td>
			<td>Stock solution 10,000 U/&#181;g/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>AMSA</td>
			<td>398MJ94SSA IV</td>
			<td>Stock solution 100 IU/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin solution&#160;</td>
			<td>In vitro</td>
			<td>EN-005</td>
			<td>0.05% enzyme solution without calcium and magnesium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>75cm2 cell culture flask</td>
			<td>Corning-Costar</td>
			<td>430720</td>
			<td>Canted neck flasks for trophozoite culture in TYI-S-33 medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transwell permeable supports</td>
			<td>Corning-Costar</td>
			<td>3470</td>
			<td>0.4. &#181;m polyster membrane, 6.5 mm insert in 24 well plate, growth area 0.3 cm2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>24 well cell culture dish&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>Corning-Costar</td>
			<td>3524</td>
			<td>Clear polystyrene, treated for optimal cell attachment, sterilized by gamma radiation and certified non-pyrogenic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Complete Mini</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>11836 153 001</td>
			<td>Protease inhibitor cocktail inhibits a broad spectrum of serine, cysteine and metallo-proteases. Final concentration 1 mM&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido (4-guanidino) butane (E-64)</td>
			<td>SIGMA-Aldrich</td>
			<td>E3132</td>
			<td>Cystein protease inhibitor, final concentration 40 &#181;g/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>p&#945;ZO-1&#160;</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>402200</td>
			<td>IgG rabbit policlonal&#160; antibody&#160; against&#160; a synthetic peptide in the middle region of the ZO-1 human protein</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>m&#945;EhCPADH112</td>
			<td>Homemade antibody</td>
			<td>Without/ Number</td>
			<td>IgM mouse monoclonal antibody&#160; against&#160; 444-601 epitope located at C-terminal of EhCPADH11221,27</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FITC-goat anti-mouse IgM</td>
			<td>Zymed</td>
			<td>62-6811</td>
			<td>Fluorescein isotiocyanate (FITC)-labelled goat anti-mouse secondary&#160; antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TRITC- goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L)</td>
			<td>Zymed</td>
			<td>816114</td>
			<td>Tetramethyl-rhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC)-labelled&#160; goat anti-rabbit IgG&#160; secondary antibody.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>STX2 Electrode</td>
			<td>World Precision Instrument&#160;</td>
			<td>102711</td>
			<td>Consists of a fixed pair of double electrodes, 4 mm wide and 1 mm thick. Each stick of the electrode pair contains a silver/silver-chloride pellet for measuring voltage and a silver electrode for passing current. For use with EVOM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>EVOM epithelial voltohmmeter</td>
			<td>World Precision Instrument&#160;</td>
			<td>12111</td>
			<td>Use in resistance mode and maintain unplugged during TER measurements</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Neubauer chamber</td>
			<td>MEARIENFELD</td>
			<td>610610</td>
			<td>Hemocytometer&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Leica TCS_SP5_MO</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>Without/number</td>
			<td>Laser confocal microscopy with Leica microsystems CMS Gmbh/leica Las af Lite/BIN software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vectashield</td>
			<td>Vector Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td>H-1000</td>
			<td>Mounting medium for fluorescence</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4&#180;, 6-diamino-2-phenylindole (Dapi)</td>
			<td>SIGMA</td>
			<td>D-9542</td>
			<td>0.05 mM final concentration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bovine serum albumin (BSA)</td>
			<td>US Biological</td>
			<td>A-1310</td>
			<td>0.5%&#160; final concentration for blocking solution</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

analysis of the epithelial damage produced by entamoeba histolytica infection

赤痢アメーバは、人間のアメーバ症の原因物質、下痢や熱帯諸国における肝膿瘍の主要な原因である。感染は、腸上皮細胞と病原体との相互作用によって開始される。この相互作用は、このようなタイトジャンクショ​​ン（TJ）のような細胞間構造の破壊につながる。 TJは、腸管内腔から宿主組織を分離する上皮層のシール性を確保。最近の研究では、寄生タンパク質EhCPADH112によるTJの破壊がEのための前提条件であるという証拠を提供上皮バリア機能障害を伴うアメーバ侵入 。このように、E.中にTJ分解に関与する分子メカニズムの解析アメーバの侵入はアメーバ症の病因の理解を向上させるために最も重要である。この記事では、最初の宿主 - 病原体相互作用の評価と寄生虫の侵入の可能性を可能にする簡単なモデルを提示。分析対象となるパラメータは、Tが含まれransepithelial電気抵抗、上皮表面受容体発現の変化および上皮接合マーカーおよび上皮細胞内寄生生物分子の局在化の局在化との相互作用EhCPADH112。

成功のためのE.アメーバ文化 、二つの重要な条件が満たされなければならない：対数期における無菌状態や収穫を増加します。 Eの以前に、文化アメーバは容易に細菌やtrypanosomatids 22の特定の種に関連して設立された。しかし、今では、細菌、真菌、原生動物、または後生動物の細胞を代謝しない環境にアメーバの無期限継代培養を意味するこの寄生虫の無菌栽培...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection at JoVE.com

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

赤痢アメーバによるヒト感染はアメーバ、熱帯の国では下痢の主な原因につながる。感染は、細胞 - 細胞接触の開口部と、その結果、下痢、時には肝臓感染症が続くを刺激、腸上皮細胞による病原体の相互作用によって開始される。この記事では、アメーバ症の病因の理解を向上させるために初期の宿主 - 病原体相互作用を評価するためのモデルを提供します。

プロデュース上皮損傷の解析<em&gt;赤痢アメーバ</em&gt;感染症

Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amoebiasis, a major cause of diarrhea and hepatic abscess in tropical countries. Infection is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

In vitro tRNA Methylation Assay with the Entamoeba histolytica DNA and tRNA Methyltransferase Dnmt2 (Ehmeth) Enzyme

In vitro tRNA Methylation Assay with the Entamoeba histolytica DNA and tRNA Methyltransferase Dnmt2 Ehmeth Enzyme

赤痢アメーバのDNAとtRNAメチルトランスフェラーゼDnmt2（Ehmeth）酵素を用いたin vitro tRNAのメチル化アッセイに

Protozoan parasites are among the most devastating infectious agents of humans responsible for a variety of diseases including amebiasis, which is one of ...

Development of a Negative Selectable Marker for Entamoeba histolytica

Development of a Negative Selectable Marker for Entamoeba histolytica

のための負の選択マーカーの開発赤痢アメーバ</em

Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis and infects up to 10% of the world's population. The molecular techniques that have enabled the ...

Application of a Mouse Ligated Peyer&#x2019;s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

Application of a Mouse Ligated PeyerÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

M細胞による細菌の取り込みを評価するパイエル板腸管ループアッセイを連結したマウスのアプリケーション

The inside of our gut is inhabited with enormous number of commensal bacteria. The mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed ...

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

細胞運命を以下に<em&gt; E大腸菌の</emラムダファージによる感染後&gt;

The system comprising bacteriophage (phage) lambda and the bacterium E. coli has long served as a paradigm for cell-fate determination1,2. Following the ...

Flow Cytometric Isolation of Primary Murine Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells for Functional and Molecular Studies

機能と分子生物学的研究のためのプライマリマウスII型肺胞上皮細胞のフローサイトメトリ分離

Throughout  the last years, the contribution of alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII)  to various aspects of immune regulation in the lung has been ...

Analysis of the Solvent Accessibility of Cysteine Residues on Maize rayado fino virus Virus-like Particles Produced in Nicotiana benthamiana Plants and Cross-linking of Peptides to VLPs

Analysis of the Solvent Accessibility of Cysteine Residues on Maize rayado fino virus Virus-like Particles Produced in Nicotiana benthamiana Plants and Cross-linking of Peptides to VLPs

上のシステイン残基の溶媒アクセシビリティの分析<em&gt;トウモロコシrayadoフィノウイルス</emで生産&gt;ウイルス様粒子<em&gt; Nicotiana benthamianaの</emVLPは、ペプチドの&gt;植物と架橋

Mimicking  and exploiting virus properties and physicochemical and physical  characteristics holds promise to provide solutions to some of  the world's ...

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

の莢膜血清型<em&gt;肺炎球菌</em&gt;ラテックス凝集による

Latex agglutination reagents are widely used in microbial diagnosis, identification and serotyping. Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a major ...

Rapid Analysis of Chromosome Aberrations in Mouse B Lymphocytes by PNA-FISH

PNA-FISHによるマウスのBリンパ球における染色体異常の迅速分析

Defective DNA repair leads to increased genomic instability, which is the root cause of mutations that lead to tumorigenesis. Analysis of the frequency ...

Use of the Soft-agar Overlay Technique to Screen for Bacterially Produced Inhibitory Compounds

ソフト寒天オーバーレイ技術の使用は、細菌産生阻害する化合物をスクリーニングするために

The soft-agar overlay technique was originally developed over 70 years ago and has been widely used in several areas of microbiological research, ...

Imaging Ca2+ Responses During Shigella Infection of Epithelial Cells

Imaging Ca2+ Responses During Shigella Infection of Epithelial Cells

上皮細胞の赤痢菌の感染時に Ca2 +応答をイメージング

Ca2+ is a ubiquitous ion involved in all known cellular processes. While global Ca2+ responses may affect cell fate, local variations in free Ca2+ ...