Name: amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents
Uploaded: 2014-05-28T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

1. Syntese af N, N &#39;-. (Alkan-1, n-diyl) diisonicotinamide <ol><li> Tør en enkelt hals eller tre-halset rundbundet kolbe i en ovn (100 º C, 1 time) for at sikre, at al fugt er fjernet. </li><li> Tilføj solid isonicotinsyre eller dets derivat, til kolben sammen med en magnetomrører. Hvis diaminoalkan ligand (e) er faste stoffer ved stuetemperatur, hvorefter 0,5 mol (nummer mol isonicotinsyre) sættes til kolben på dette stadium. </li><li> Cap halsen (r) i kolben med gummisepta og erstatte luften i kol...

<ol>
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Cancer. 43, 2631-2633 (2007).</li><li>Markman, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+features+of+hypersensitivity+reactions+to+carboplatin.">Clinical features of hypersensitivity reactions to carboplatin.</a> J Clin. Oncol. 17, 1141-1145 (1999).</li><li>Ding, D., Allman, B. 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Chem. - Anti-Cancer Agents. 5, 267-279 (2005).</li><li>Beale, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+phase+I+clinical+and+pharmacological+study+of+cis-diamminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)+platinumm+II+(AMD473).">A phase I clinical and pharmacological study of cis-diamminedichloro(2-methylpyridine) platinumm II (AMD473).</a> British journal of cancer. 88, 1128-1134 (2003).</li><li>Sessa, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+and+pharmacological+phase+I+study+with+accelerated+titration+design+of+a+daily+times+five+schedule+of+BBR3464,+a+novel+cationic+triplatinum+complex.">Clinical and pharmacological phase I study with accelerated titration design of a daily times five schedule of BBR3464, a novel cationic triplatinum complex.</a> Ann. Oncol. 11, 977-983 (2000).</li><li>Brown, S. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combining+aspects+of+the+platinum+anticancer+drugs+picoplatin+and+BBR3464+to+synthesize+a+new+family+of+sterically+hindered+dinuclear+complexes;+their+synthesis,+binding+kinetics+and+cytotoxicity.">Combining aspects of the platinum anticancer drugs picoplatin and BBR3464 to synthesize a new family of sterically hindered dinuclear complexes; their synthesis, binding kinetics and cytotoxicity.</a> Dalton Trans. 41, 11330-11339 (2012).</li><li>Still, B. M., Anil Kumar, P. G., Aldrich-Wright, J. R., Price, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=195Pt+NMR+-+Theory+and+application.">195Pt NMR - Theory and application.</a> Chem. Soc. Rev. 36, 665-686 (2007).</li><li>Wheate, N. 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I dette arbejde bicycliske platinkomplekser er blevet syntetiseret som potentielle anticancermidler. Dermed bispyridin brodannende ligander blev syntetiseret via en amid koblingsreaktion ved hjælp isonicotinsyre og diaminoalkaner variabel længde. Tidligere syntesen af ​​bispyridin ligander og deres methyl-analoger med 2 til 8 methylengrupper og deres respektive platinkomplekser er blevet rapporteret. I dette papir, har syntese og oprensning metode blevet revideret gør det hurtigere og billigere og har demonstrere...

Platinum anticancermedicin fortsat en af de mest udbredte familie af agenter i behandlingen af kræft hos mennesker 1. På trods af deres succes, er de begrænset i deres anvendelse af alvorlige dosisbegrænsende bivirkninger 2-4. De begrænsede doser, der kan gives til patienter, betyder også, at tumorer kan udvikle resistens 5. Som sådan, nye lægemidler fortsat udvikles for at forbedre bivirkningsprofil og overvinde erhvervet resistens, ligesom phenanthriplatin 6 og phosphaplatin 7. I slutningen af 1990&#39;erne blev en tricycliske platin lægemiddel udviklet, BBR3464 (Skema 1) 8, der er op til 1.000 x mere cytotoksisk in vitro end den førende platin narkotika, cisplatin. BBR3464 er også i stand til at overvinde erhvervet resistens i et panel af humane cancer cellelinjer 9. Desværre er øget aktivitet af BBR3464 modsvares af 50 - til 100 - fold højere toksicitet, sombegrænser anvendelsen af 10-12. Det er også let nedbrydes i kroppen, hvilket betyder, lidt af medikamentet når kræft kerner intakte 9. Picoplatin er en mononukleær platinbaseret lægemiddel, der indeholder en 2-methyl-pyridin-ligand (skema 1) 13. Methylgruppen af ​​dette stof beskytter det mod angreb fra biologiske nukleofiler; navnlig cystein og methionin, der indeholder peptider / proteiner 14-16. Som sådan, at stoffet er helt stabil og har en meget højere koncentration, når kræft kerner sammenlignet med både BBR3464 og cisplatin 17. Dens nedsat reaktionsevne betyder også picoplatin har en højere maksimalt tolererede dosis sammenlignet med BBR3464 og cisplatin 10,18,19. Dette projekt er derfor forsøgt at kombinere de egenskaber BBR3464 og picoplatin at producere nye lægemidler, der er i stand til at overvinde erhvervet resistens, der viser forbedret biologisk stabilitet og mindre alvorlige side-effects (fx figur 1). Herved blev en række bicycliske platinkomplekser fremstillet med bispyridin brodannende ligander 20. Liganderne er lavet ved hjælp amid koblingsreaktioner med isonicotinsyre eller derivater deraf som 2-methyl-isonicotinsyre, diaminoalkaner variabel længde. Omsætning af et mol ækvivalent af liganderne med to molækvivalenter transplatin giver de ønskede platinkomplekser (skema 1).

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="782">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">D2O</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">151882</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.9% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">DMSO-d6</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">156914</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.96% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,8-diaminooctane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D22401</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,10-diaminodecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D14204</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:297px;">1,12-diaminododecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D1,640-1</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Isonicotinic acid</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">I17508</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:297px;">1-Propylphosphonic anhydride solution</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">431303</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">50 wt% in ethyl acetate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="100">
			<td height="100" style="height:100px;width:297px;">Trans-diaminodichloridoplatinum(II)</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">P1525</td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Dimethylsulfoxide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">Z76855</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99.9%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">N,N&#8217;-dimethylformamide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">227056</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.8%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Triethylamine</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">T0886</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Nylon filter membranes</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Whatman</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">7402-004</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">Pore size, 0.2 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring bar&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Rubber septums of sufficient size for chosen round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">5 mL hypodermic syringes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Hypodermic needles</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber party ballons</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber bands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">A source of N2 gas</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rotary evaporator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Drying oven</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR tubes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">500 mL beakers</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Glass or plastic pipettes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. Isonicotinic acid, or its derivatives, are coupled to variable length diaminoalkane chains under an inert atmosphere in anhydrous DMF or DMSO with the use of a weak base, triethylamine, and a coupling agent, 1-propylphosphonic anhydride. The products precipitate from solution upon formation or can be precipitated by the addition of water. If desired, the ligands can be further purified by recrystallization from hot water. Dinuclear platinum complex synthesis using the bispyridine ligands is done in hot water using transplatin. The most informative of the chemical characterization techniques to determine the structure and gross purity of both the bispyridine ligands and the final platinum complexes is 1H NMR with particular analysis of the aromatic region of the spectra (7-9 ppm). The platinum complexes have potential application as anticancer agents and the synthesis method can be modified to produce trinuclear and other multinuclear complexes with different hydrogen bonding functionality in the bridging ligand.

De bispyridin ligander og deres respektive bicycliske platinkomplekser er karakteriseret ved 1H, 13C og 195 Pt NMR (tabel 1 og 2), elektrosprayionisering massespektroskopi. Nøjagtige smeltepunkter kan bestemmes ved anvendelse af differentiel scanningskalorimetri og renhed bestemmes bedst ved elementaranalyse for C, H og N procentvise indhold. Mest brug er 1H NMR da det er hurtigt og let at bruge, giver resultater inden for få minutter fra isolation af ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Amid Kobling Reaktion for syntesen af ​​bispyridin-baserede ligander og deres kompleksdannelse til Platinum som bicycliske anticancerlægemidler

Denne protokol beskriver anvendelsen af ​​amidkobling reaktioner isonikotinsyre og diaminoalkaner til dannelse brodannende ligander egnede til anvendelse i syntesen af ​​multinucleare platinkomplekser, der kombinerer aspekter af anticancerlægemidler BBR3464 og picoplatin.

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. ...

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This paper describes the synthesis and peroxide-modification of nanosize monosodium titanate (nMST), along with an ion-exchange reaction to load the ...

HKUST-1 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Vanillin

HKUST-1 som en heterogen katalysator til syntese af vanillin

Vanillin (4-hydoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is the main component of the extract of vanilla bean. The natural vanilla scent is a mixture of approximately ...

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Syntese af Protein biokonjugater<em&gt; via</em&gt; Cystein-maleimid Kemi

The chemical linking or bioconjugation of proteins to fluorescent dyes, drugs, polymers and other proteins has a broad range of applications, such as the ...

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Forberedelse og<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; Karakterisering af dendrimer-baserede kontrastmidler til magnetisk resonans billeddannelse

Paramagnetic complexes of gadolinium(III) with acyclic or macrocyclic chelates are the most commonly used contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance ...

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Syntese af Platinum-nikkel Nanowires og optimering for ilt reduktion ydeevne

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen ...

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles

Forberedelse af stabile bicykliske Aziridinium ioner og deres Ring-åbning for syntese af Azaheterocycles

Bicyclic aziridinium ions were generated by the removal of an appropriate leaving group through internal nucleophilic attack by nitrogen atom in the ...

Synthesis of In37P20(O2CR)51 Clusters and Their Conversion to InP Quantum Dots

Synthesis of In37P20O2CR51 Clusters and Their Conversion to InP Quantum Dots

Syntese af i37P20(O2CR)51 klynger og deres omdannelse til INP quantum dots

This text presents a method for the synthesis of In37P20(O2C14H27)51 clusters and their conversion to indium phosphide quantum dots. The In37P20(O2CR)51 ...

Amid Kobling Reaktion for syntesen af ​​bispyridin-baserede ligander og deres kompleksdannelse til Platinum som bicycliske anticancerlægemidler

Amid Kobling Reaktion for syntesen af bispyridin-baserede ligander og deres kompleksdannelse til Platinum som bicycliske anticancerlægemidler