Name: amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents
Uploaded: 2014-05-28T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

1 Synthese van N, N &#39;-. (Alkaan-1, n-diyl) diisonicotinamide <ol><li> Droog een hals of drie-hals rondbodem kolf in een oven (100 ° C, 1 uur) zodat alle vocht is verwijderd. </li><li> Voeg vaste isonicotinezuur of zijn derivaat voor kolf met een magnetische roerstaaf. Als de diaminoalkane ligand (en) zijn vaste stoffen bij kamertemperatuur, daarna 0,5 mol (het aantal mol isonicotinezuur) wordt toegevoegd aan de kolf in dit stadium. </li><li> Cap de nek (s) van de kolf met rubberen septa en vervang de luc...

<ol>
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Oncol. 11, 977-983 (2000).</li><li>Brown, S. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Combining+aspects+of+the+platinum+anticancer+drugs+picoplatin+and+BBR3464+to+synthesize+a+new+family+of+sterically+hindered+dinuclear+complexes;+their+synthesis,+binding+kinetics+and+cytotoxicity.">Combining aspects of the platinum anticancer drugs picoplatin and BBR3464 to synthesize a new family of sterically hindered dinuclear complexes; their synthesis, binding kinetics and cytotoxicity.</a> Dalton Trans. 41, 11330-11339 (2012).</li><li>Still, B. M., Anil Kumar, P. G., Aldrich-Wright, J. R., Price, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=195Pt+NMR+-+Theory+and+application.">195Pt NMR - Theory and application.</a> Chem. Soc. Rev. 36, 665-686 (2007).</li><li>Wheate, N. 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In dit werk dinucleaire platina complexen zijn gesynthetiseerd als potentiële antikankermiddelen. Daarbij werden bispyridine overbruggen liganden gesynthetiseerd via een amide-koppelingsreactie met isonicotinezuur en variabele lengte diaminoalkanes. Eerder de synthese van bispyridine liganden en hun methyl analogen met 2 tot 8 methyleengroepen en hun respectieve platinacomplexen gemeld. In dit artikel is de synthese en zuivering methode is herzien waardoor het sneller en goedkoper en hebben dit aangetoond door het synt...

Platinum antikankergeneesmiddelen blijven een van de meest gebruikte familie van middelen bij de behandeling van menselijke kanker 1. Ondanks hun succes, zijn ze in hun toepassing beperkt door ernstige dosis-limiterende bijwerkingen 2-4. De beperkte doses die kunnen worden toegediend aan patiënten betekent ook dat tumoren resistentie 5 kan ontwikkelen. Als zodanig, nieuwe medicijnen verder worden ontwikkeld om het bijwerkingenprofiel verbeteren en het overwinnen van verworven resistentie, zoals phenanthriplatin 6 en phosphaplatin 7. In de late jaren 1990, werd een trinucleair platina medicijn ontwikkeld, BBR3464 (schema 1) 8, dat is tot 1000 x cytotoxischer in vitro dan de toonaangevende platina geneesmiddel, cisplatine. BBR3464 kan ook verworven resistentie in een panel van humane kankercellijnen 9 overwinnen. Helaas is de verhoogde activiteit van BBR3464 geëvenaard door 50 - tot 100 - voudig hogere toxiciteit diezijn de gebruiksmogelijkheden van 10-12. Het is ook gemakkelijk afgebroken in het lichaam, waardoor weinig van het geneesmiddel bereikt kanker kernen intact 9. Picoplatin een mononucleaire platina gebaseerde geneesmiddelen waarbij 2-methyl-pyridine ligand (schema 1) 13 bevat. De methylgroep van dit medicijn beschermt tegen aanvallen van biologische nucleofielen; met name cysteïne en methionine bevattende peptiden / eiwitten 14-16. Als zodanig is het geneesmiddel vrij stabiel en heeft een veel hogere concentratie die kanker kernen bereikt in vergelijking met zowel BBR3464 en cisplatine 17. De verminderde reactiviteit betekent ook picoplatin heeft een hoger maximaal getolereerde dosis in vergelijking met BBR3464 en cisplatine 10,18,19. Dit project daarom getracht de eigenschappen van BBR3464 en picoplatin combineren om nieuwe geneesmiddelen die kunnen verworven weerstand die verbeterde biologische stabiliteit en minder ernstige bijwerkingen effe weergegeven overwinnen producerencts (bijvoorbeeld figuur 1). Daarbij, een reeks van dinucleaire platina complexen werden bereid met bispyridine overbruggen liganden 20. De liganden zijn gemaakt met amide koppelingsreacties met isonicotinezuur of derivaten daarvan, zoals 2-methyl-isonicotinezuur, variabele lengte diaminoalkanes. Reactie van een molequivalent van de liganden met twee molequivalenten transplatin levert het gewenste platinacomplexen (schema 1).

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="782">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">D2O</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">151882</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.9% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">DMSO-d6</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">156914</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.96% D</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,8-diaminooctane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D22401</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:297px;">1,10-diaminodecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D14204</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:297px;">1,12-diaminododecane</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">D1,640-1</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">98%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Isonicotinic acid</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">I17508</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:152px;">99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:297px;">1-Propylphosphonic anhydride solution</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">431303</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">50 wt% in ethyl acetate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="100">
			<td height="100" style="height:100px;width:297px;">Trans-diaminodichloridoplatinum(II)</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">P1525</td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Dimethylsulfoxide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">Z76855</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99.9%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">N,N&#8217;-dimethylformamide</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:159px;">227056</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">99.8%, anhydrous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Triethylamine</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">T0886</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">&#62;99%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Nylon filter membranes</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Whatman</td>
			<td style="width:159px;">7402-004</td>
			<td style="width:152px;">Pore size, 0.2 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Magnetic stirring bar&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
			<td style="width:159px;"></td>
			<td style="width:152px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:297px;">Rubber septums of sufficient size for chosen round bottom or three neck flask</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">5 mL hypodermic syringes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Hypodermic needles</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber party ballons</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rubber bands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:297px;">A source of N2 gas</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Rotary evaporator</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Drying oven</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR tubes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">NMR spectrometer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">500 mL beakers</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:297px;">Glass or plastic pipettes</td>
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</table>

amide coupling reaction for the synthesis of bispyridine-based ligands and their complexation to platinum as dinuclear anticancer agents

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. Isonicotinic acid, or its derivatives, are coupled to variable length diaminoalkane chains under an inert atmosphere in anhydrous DMF or DMSO with the use of a weak base, triethylamine, and a coupling agent, 1-propylphosphonic anhydride. The products precipitate from solution upon formation or can be precipitated by the addition of water. If desired, the ligands can be further purified by recrystallization from hot water. Dinuclear platinum complex synthesis using the bispyridine ligands is done in hot water using transplatin. The most informative of the chemical characterization techniques to determine the structure and gross purity of both the bispyridine ligands and the final platinum complexes is 1H NMR with particular analysis of the aromatic region of the spectra (7-9 ppm). The platinum complexes have potential application as anticancer agents and the synthesis method can be modified to produce trinuclear and other multinuclear complexes with different hydrogen bonding functionality in the bridging ligand.

De bispyridine liganden en hun dinucleaire platina complexen gekarakteriseerd met 1H, 13C en 195 Pt NMR (tabellen 1 en 2) en electrospray ionisatie massaspectroscopie. Nauwkeurige smeltpunten kan worden bepaald met differentiële scanning calorimetrie en zuiverheid wordt het best bepaald door elementenanalyse voor C, H en N percentage content. Van de meeste gebruik 1H NMR als het is snel en eenvoudig te gebruiken, waardoor resultaten binnen minuten na is...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents at JoVE.com

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

Amidekoppeling reactie voor de synthese van Bispyridine-gebaseerde liganden en hun Complexatie naar Platinum als dinucleair antikankermiddelen

Dit protocol beschrijft het gebruik van amide koppelingsreacties van isonicotinezuur en diaminoalkanes te overbruggen liganden geschikt voor gebruik in de synthese van meerkernige platina complexen, die aspecten van de antikankergeneesmiddelen BBR3464 en picoplatin combineren vormen.

Amide coupling reactions can be used to synthesize bispyridine-based ligands for use as bridging linkers in multinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. ...

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HKUST-1 als heterogene katalysator voor de synthese van vanilline

Vanillin (4-hydoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is the main component of the extract of vanilla bean. The natural vanilla scent is a mixture of approximately ...

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Eiwitsynthese Bioconjugaten<em&gt; via</em&gt; Cysteïne-maleïmide Chemistry

The chemical linking or bioconjugation of proteins to fluorescent dyes, drugs, polymers and other proteins has a broad range of applications, such as the ...

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

voorbereiding en<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Karakterisering van-dendrimeer gebaseerde Contraststoffen voor Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Paramagnetic complexes of gadolinium(III) with acyclic or macrocyclic chelates are the most commonly used contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance ...

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Synthese van Platinum-nikkel Nanowires en optimalisatie voor zuurstof vermindering van prestaties

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen ...

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles

Voorbereiding op stabiele bicyclische Aziridinium ionen en hun Ring-Opening voor de synthese van Azaheterocycles

Bicyclic aziridinium ions were generated by the removal of an appropriate leaving group through internal nucleophilic attack by nitrogen atom in the ...

Synthesis of In37P20(O2CR)51 Clusters and Their Conversion to InP Quantum Dots

Synthesis of In37P20O2CR51 Clusters and Their Conversion to InP Quantum Dots

Synthese van in37P20(O2CR)51 clusters en hun conversie naar InP Quantum dots

This text presents a method for the synthesis of In37P20(O2C14H27)51 clusters and their conversion to indium phosphide quantum dots. The In37P20(O2CR)51 ...