Name: olfactory neurons obtained through nasal biopsy combined with laser-capture microdissection: a potential approach to study treatment response in mental disorders
Uploaded: 2014-12-04T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Olfactory Neurons Obtained through Nasal Biopsy Combined with Laser-Capture Microdissection: A Potential Approach to Study Treatment Response in Mental Disord

This work was supported by USPHS grants MH-091460 (E.N.), MH-084018 (A.S.), MH-094268 Silvo O. Conte center (A.S.), MH-069853 (A.S.), MH-085226 (A.S.), MH-088753 (A.S.), MH-092443 (A.S.), and MH-096208 (K.I.), grants from DANA (E.N.), Stanley (A.S.), RUSK (A.S.), S-R foundations (A.S.), NARSAD (A.S. and K.I.), and Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (A.S. and K.I.).
We sincerely appreciate the efforts and contributions of Pearl Kim, Maria Papapavlou, Nao Gamo, Youjin Chung, Yukiko Lema and Mark Christie towards coordination of the biopsy process.

注：所有研究志愿者在这项研究中给予批准的霍华德大学和约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的机构审查委员会知情同意的文件。只有谁同意签署知情同意书的文件参与者被纳入研究。该研究基地本分析组成如下：20名受试者（12 BD与10控制; 30％男性）和平均38.2（14.1）岁（SD）。 注：喷雾用RNA酶扎普所有表面由玻璃和塑料表面去除RNase污染。 1.活检程序<ol><li>在鼻研究参与者的腔喷...

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G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Peripheral+olfactory+system+for+clinical+and+basic+psychiatry:+a+promising+entry+point+to+the+mystery+of+brain+mechanism+and+biomarker+identification+in+schizophrenia.">Peripheral olfactory system for clinical and basic psychiatry: a promising entry point to the mystery of brain mechanism and biomarker identification in schizophrenia.</a> Am J Psychiatry. 166 (2), 137-139 (2009).</li><li>Mor, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MicroRNA-382+expression+is+elevated+in+the+olfactory+neuroepithelium+of+schizophrenia+patients.">MicroRNA-382 expression is elevated in the olfactory neuroepithelium of schizophrenia patients.</a> Neurobiol Dis. 55, 1-10 (2013).</li><li>Kano, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genome-wide+profiling+of+multiple+histone+methylations+in+olfactory+cells:+further+implications+for+cellular+susceptibility+to+oxidative+stress+in+schizophrenia.">Genome-wide profiling of multiple histone methylations in olfactory cells: further implications for cellular susceptibility to oxidative stress in schizophrenia.</a> Mol Psychiatry. 18 (7), 740-742 (2013).</li><li>Toritsuka, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deficits+in+microRNA-mediated+Cxcr4/Cxcl12+signaling+in+neurodevelopmental+deficits+in+a+22q11+deletion+syndrome+mouse+model.">Deficits in microRNA-mediated Cxcr4/Cxcl12 signaling in neurodevelopmental deficits in a 22q11 deletion syndrome mouse model.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110 (43), 17552-17557 (2013).</li><li>Evgrafov, O. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Olfactory+neuroepithelium-derived+neural+progenitor+cells+as+a+model+system+for+investigating+the+molecular+mechanisms+of+neuropsychiatric+disorders.">Olfactory neuroepithelium-derived neural progenitor cells as a model system for investigating the molecular mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders.</a> Psychiatr Genet. 21 (5), 217-228 (2011).</li><li>Fan, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Focal+adhesion+dynamics+are+altered+in+schizophrenia.">Focal adhesion dynamics are altered in schizophrenia.</a> Biol Psychiatry. 74 (6), 418-426 (2013).</li><li>Ishizuka, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Negative+symptoms+of+schizophrenia+correlate+with+impairment+on+the+University+of+Pennsylvania+smell+identification+test.">Negative symptoms of schizophrenia correlate with impairment on the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test.</a> Neurosci Res. 66, 106-110 (2010).</li><li>Sattler, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+nasal+olfactory+epithelium+as+a+dynamic+marker+for+CNS+therapy+development.">Human nasal olfactory epithelium as a dynamic marker for CNS therapy development.</a> Exp Neurol. 232 (2), 203-211 (2011).</li><li>Rimbault, M., Robin, S., Vaysse, A., Galibert, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=RNA+profiles+of+rat+olfactory+epithelia:+individual+and+age+related+variations.">RNA profiles of rat olfactory epithelia: individual and age related variations.</a> BMC Genomics. 10, 572 (2009).</li><li>Tajinda, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+biomarkers+from+patients+with+mental+illnesses:+a+novel+method+through+nasal+biopsy+combined+with+laser-captured+microdissection.">Neuronal biomarkers from patients with mental illnesses: a novel method through nasal biopsy combined with laser-captured microdissection.</a> Mol Psychiatry. 15 (3), 231-232 (2010).</li><li>Bonner, R. 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通过合并鼻腔活检和LCM获得丰富的嗅觉神经细胞层一个新的平台，并提出了在这项研究中已得到验证。这种技术可以有广泛的影响。它可以对生物标志物的研究，包括对治疗的反应，以及其他神经精神状况的药物发现的努力得到应用，使得该领域的更广泛的影响。 为了获得高质量的神经元服从下游应用，一些关键和故障排除步骤必须注意。首先，获得4 - 6片每名患者嗅觉组?...

双相情感障碍（BD）是一种严重的神经精神疾病，其特点是情绪的病理变化，驱动器和认知1。用于治疗BD的锂已经显示出改变的在动物研究2的大量基因的稳态mRNA水平，但它仍然是未知的，如果任何这些分子与在人体2的临床响应相关联。理解锂反应的机制将需要调查在神经组织​​锂诱​​导分子变化。不幸的是，它是不实用的，得到了​​BD患者的脑活检前后锂疗法，以确定锂反应的分子签名。验尸脑组织已经被用于研究在BD中的生物标记物，但是，它们不能被用来评估与情绪，认知和驱动的动态变化有关的分子标记;回顾性确定的锂治疗反应的有效性可能会产生问题4。淋巴细胞和其他血细胞可能是有用的，但在血细胞的分子变化可能不反映神经元的变化3-5。脑脊液可能不足以获得对细胞内的分子，可能反映疾病相关和药物可逆固有变化的信息。 嗅觉上皮（OE）是中枢神经系统（CNS）的一个独特的部分，胚胎学相关于边缘结构6;它是通过鼻腔活检方便。它由胶质状的发展7-9的不同阶段支撑（ 即 sustentacular）细胞，基底细胞增生，和嗅觉受体神经元。因此，OE提供了通俗易懂的学习与神经精神疾病的7动态变化的病人中枢神经系统的独特机会。研究，展示了OE的效用作为替代组织调查反映这些OCC相关疾病事件urring在大脑神经元8,9。例如，有研究利用OE调查与精神疾病相关的10-14分子型材。嗅觉系统也可用来识别临床endophenoytpes如与精神分裂症15阴性症状相关的气味赤字。此外，神经发育过程中的OE持续终生，提供了一个有用的途径精神病条件8,9的基本病理生理学模型。 然而，一个缺点使用这种组织的是嗅觉活检与非神经元细胞16的实质性的污染。例如，在先前的OE研究中所用的基因表达研究中的总RNA含有从整个鼻腔活检组织，包括从非神经细胞17的RNA提取的RNA。因此，先前的方法已经由小区的质量的限制。为了克服这个问题，一种新颖的方法，得到<html>丰富的神经元细胞群结合鼻腔活检使用激光捕获显微切割（LCM）已开发18。 LCM是一种技术，其允许使用紫外激光切割结合红外线激光19-21细胞的选择性分离。结合LCM使用OE方法由非神经元细胞减少的OE大量污染，从而提高神经元细胞18的富集。此外，神经元层，可以从下层层在显微镜下区分，从而省去了染色。从其他细胞群使用其通过感兴趣7的细胞类型表达的初级抗体的神经元细胞类型可以进一步进行区分。因此，该过程建立了几乎纯的神经元细胞群可用于基因表达研究，免疫组织化学等形态学调查富集更简单的方法。 ve_content“&gt;这项研究的目的是建立一个实验平台，进行调查与疾病状态和治疗反应相关的嗅觉神经元的分子变化。为了解决这个问题，一小套非吸烟患者谁见了DSM-IV诊断标准BD的基础上诊断访谈为遗传研究（DIG）22被招募进行两次经鼻活检：1的活检预处理与锂和第二活检，6周每日口服锂治疗后此外，合格的BD患者必须是：症状为抑郁症的基础上，给予蒙哥马利-艾森贝格量表（MADRS）23，临床医生得分≥10出60;对于有症状或轻躁狂躁狂，根据得分≥10出来的56对管理扬躁狂量表临床医生（YMRS） 24;或≥10两个MADRS和两个尺度医生之间的协议YMRS评价者-间信系数&gt; 0.96活检后，神经元ENRI。通过LCM从OE地交付。以下附加的质量控制措施，以确保从组织和神经元的富集提取高质量的RNA，实时RT-PCR进行，调查所关注的基因的前后的治疗表达水平。接下来的部分包含了这种方法的有效性的描述，突出了协议的优化，并申请了故障排除的协议的策略。

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:283px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:143px;">Manufacturuer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">Manufacturer Catalog #</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tissue Preparation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tissue-Tek Cryomold Molds</td>
			<td>Sakura Finetek</td>
			<td>4557</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tissue-Tek O.C.T Compound</td>
			<td>Sakura Finetek</td>
			<td>4583</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cryosectioning</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Membrane Slide 1.0 PEN (D)</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Microscopy</td>
			<td>415190-9041-000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Rnase Zap</td>
			<td>Ambion</td>
			<td>AM9780</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DEPC Treated Water</td>
			<td>Quality Biological</td>
			<td>351-068-131</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Microdissection</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Microscope: PALM Series MicroLaser System</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Microscopy</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Model: Axiovert 200M</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Software: Robo v3.2</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">No.5 Dumont Microdissction Forceps</td>
			<td>Roboz</td>
			<td>RS-49085</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">RNA Extraction</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">RNAqueous Micro Kit</td>
			<td>Ambion</td>
			<td>AM1931</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">cDNA Synthesis</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SuperScript III First Strand Synthesis Kit</td>
			<td>Invitrogen&#160;</td>
			<td>18080-051</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">OMP qPCR</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SYBR GreenER qPCR SuperMix</td>
			<td>Invitrogen&#160;</td>
			<td>11760-500</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Taqman qPCR</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">TaqMan Expression Assay Probes</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>Various</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Master Mix</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>4369016</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

olfactory neurons obtained through nasal biopsy combined with laser-capture microdissection: a potential approach to study treatment response in mental disorders

双相情感障碍（BD）是一种严重的神经精神障碍与了解甚少病理生理学和通常用的情绪稳定，碳酸锂。动物研究和人类遗传学研究表明，锂影响参与神经元生长，存活和成熟，以及特别是分子参与Wnt信号传导该分子靶点。定的伦理挑战获得脑活检调查与锂反应在中枢神经系统（CNS）有关的动态分子改变，可以考虑使用从嗅觉组织获得的神经元来实现这一goal.The嗅觉上皮包含嗅觉受体神经元在开发和胶质状的支持细胞的不同阶段。这提供了研究中的患者的神经精神性疾病的中枢神经系统的动态变化一个独特的机会，使用从鼻腔活检安全地获得嗅觉组织。为了克服由SUBST带来的缺点活检嗅觉组织与非神经元细胞antial污染，一种新的方法，以获得富集的神经元细胞群体通过结合鼻活检与激光捕获显微切割的开发。在这项研究中，用于研究治疗相关的动态中神经元组织的分子变化的系统的开发和验证，使用了BD患者招募的锂治疗反应的分子机制的研究的小试验样品。

在分子签名的研究的协议和故障诊断策略被成功地进行了优化。样品RNA的质量和神经元富集的标准中更下游的实时PCR分析中使用了标准化。 RIN和RNA的浓度进行检测的干扰因素，以检测表达水平。基于几个样品与RINS从1分析 - 10，它被确定的〜3.0和高于最小RIN足以用于本研究中的下游分析。其结果是，用于cDNA合成的RNA量的标准化为1.0纳克。因此，高品质的样品与RIN以上〜3.0和RNA的量为1.0毫微克被转...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Olfactory Neurons Obtained through Nasal Biopsy Combined with Laser-Capture Microdissection: A Potential Approach to Study Treatment Response in Mental Disord

Olfactory Neurons Obtained through Nasal Biopsy Combined with Laser-Capture Microdissection: A Potential Approach to Study Treatment Response in Mental Disorders

在这项研究中，一种新的平台来调查在躁郁症（BD）的治疗的反应的突触体分子签名被开发和验证。从BD患者嗅上皮是通过鼻腔活检获得。那么激光捕获显微切割是结合实时RT PCR，调查BD锂反应的分子签名。

通过鼻腔活检获得联合激光捕获显微切割的嗅觉神经元：一种可能的方法来研究治疗反应的精神障碍

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology and typically treated with the mood stabilizer, lithium ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Laser Capture Microdissection of Drosophila Peripheral Neurons

Laser Capture Microdissection of Drosophila Peripheral Neurons

激光捕获显微切割技术的果蝇外周神经元

The dendritic arborization (da) neurons of the Drosophila peripheral nervous system (PNS) provide an excellent model system in which to investigate the ...

科研

神经科学

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

隔离啮齿类动物或人类的鼻嗅干细胞

The olfactory mucosa, located in the nasal cavity, is in charge of detecting odours. It is also the only nervous tissue that is exposed to the external ...

Targeting Olfactory Bulb Neurons Using Combined In Vivo Electroporation and Gal4-Based Enhancer Trap Zebrafish Lines

Targeting Olfactory Bulb Neurons Using Combined In Vivo Electroporation and Gal4-Based Enhancer Trap Zebrafish Lines

针对嗅球神经元采用组合在体内电穿孔和GAL4基于增强陷阱斑马鱼线

In vivo electroporation is a powerful method for delivering DNA expression plasmids, RNAi reagents, and morpholino anti-sense oligonucleotides to specific ...

Non-Laser Capture Microscopy Approach for the Microdissection of Discrete Mouse Brain Regions for Total RNA Isolation and Downstream Next-Generation Sequencing and Gene Expression Profiling

Non-Laser Capture Microscopy Approach for the Microdissection of Discrete Mouse Brain Regions for Total RNA Isolation and Downstream Next-Generation Sequencing and Gene Expression Profiling  |

总RNA的分离和下游下一代测序和基因表达谱的非激光捕获显微切割离散小鼠脑地区显微镜方法

As technological platforms, approaches such as next-generation sequencing, microarray, and qRT-PCR have great promise for expanding our understanding of ...

Laser Capture Microdissection of Enriched Populations of Neurons or Single Neurons for Gene Expression Analysis After Traumatic Brain Injury

激光捕获显微切割的丰富种群的创伤性脑损伤后神经元或单个神经元的基因表达分析

Long-term cognitive disability after TBI is associated with injury-induced neurodegeneration in the hippocampus-a region in the medial temporal lobe that ...

Laser Capture Microdissection of Neurons from Differentiated Human Neuroprogenitor Cells in Culture

神经元的分化的人类Neuroprogenitor细胞培养激光捕获显微切割

Neuroprogenitor cells (NPCs) isolated from the human fetal brain were expanded under proliferative conditions in the presence of epidermal growth factor ...

Production of RNA for Transcriptomic Analysis from Mouse Spinal Cord Motor Neuron Cell Bodies by Laser Capture Microdissection

通过激光捕获微分路，从小鼠脊髓运动神经细胞体中生成RNA进行转录分析

Preparation of high-quality RNA from cells of interest is critical to precise and meaningful analysis of transcriptional differences among cell types or ...

Laser Capture Microdissection - A Demonstration of the Isolation of Individual Dopamine Neurons and the Entire Ventral Tegmental Area

激光捕获显微切割 - 个人多巴胺神经元的分离和整个腹侧被盖区的示范

Laser capture microdissection (LCM) is used to isolate a concentrated population of individual cells or precise anatomical regions of tissue from tissue ...

Using an Adapted Microfluidic Olfactory Chip for the Imaging of Neuronal Activity in Response to Pheromones in Male C. Elegans Head Neurons

Using an Adapted Microfluidic Olfactory Chip for the Imaging of Neuronal Activity in Response to Pheromones in Male C. Elegans Head Neurons

应用一种适应微流控嗅觉芯片的神经活性成像对雄性线虫神经元的信息素反应

The use of calcium indicators has greatly enhanced our understanding of neural dynamics and regulation. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, with its ...