العمل باستخدام التهديد الاحتمالات لتقييم القلق والخوف وخلال التهديد غير مؤكد وبعض

Potentiation of the startle reflex is measured via electromyography of the orbicularis oculi muscle during low (uncertain) and high (certain) probability electric shock threat in the Threat Probability Task. This provides an objective measure of distinct negative emotional states (fear/anxiety) for research on psychopathology, substance use/abuse, and broad affective science.