Name: performing behavioral tasks in subjects with intracranial electrodes
Uploaded: 2014-10-02T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes at JoVE.com

这项工作是支持的EFRI-MC3：＃1137237授予SVS和JTG

所有的任务是根据提交给克利夫兰诊所基金会的机构审查委员会（IRB）批准的方案进行。知情同意过程与之前的所有研究活动每位患者进行的。在本实施例中，对象符合研究标准已经有立体脑电图（SEEG）植入发作电极被选择。该项目的主题讨论，他们同意参加。 1，患者登记<ol><li>评估患者的难治性癫痫，考虑颅内电极植入。如果患者是一个很好的候选者的侵入性手术，分?...

<ol>
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A., Vighetto, A., Bertrand, O., Mauguiere, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+amygdala+reaction+to+fear+spreading+in+occipital,+temporal,+and+frontal+cortex:+a+depth+electrode+ERP+study+in+human.">Early amygdala reaction to fear spreading in occipital, temporal, and frontal cortex: a depth electrode ERP study in human.</a> Neuron. 42, 665-676 (2004).</li><li>Hudry, J., Perrin, F., Ryvlin, P., Mauguiere, F., Royet, J. 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在这里，我们提出了进行颅内电生理研究在人类身上，因为他们搞了一个行为的任务的方法。该方法及其简单的排列组合是研究人体运动和认知非常重要。虽然本质上存在优点和缺点的任何技术，从颅内电极记录具有比其它电生理和成像技术的优点。两个主要的优点是，收集的高质量数据以更好地控制和行为任务设计的能力。 颅内电极记录有许多优于使用过程中的行为任务?...

癫痫是最常见的脑疾病之一，其特征在于，从神经元的组过度放电导致慢性复发性癫痫发作。癫痫会影响全球约5000万人，所有个人癫痫大约有40％无法完全通过药物治疗控制1顽固性癫痫发作。手术可能导致癫痫发作的状态，如果负责发作的产生（致痫灶 - EZ）大脑区域和局部手术切除或切断。为了确定在EZ的解剖位置及邻近可能出现的皮层和皮层下雄辩的地区，非侵入性的工具阵列可供选择：癫痫发作症状学，视频头皮脑电图记录（发作期和发作间录音），神经心理测试分析，脑磁图（MEG）和磁共振成像2。当非侵入性的数据不足以precisely定义了假设性的EZ的位置，当有口才的皮层和皮层下区域或有可能为多灶性发作，慢性侵袭性监测可能需要3,4早期介入的嫌疑。 慢性侵袭性监测用于限定一个EZ的位置和界限可包括硬膜下栅格和条，用放置在脑的表面的电极，和立体脑电图（SEEG）所示，当多个深度电极放置在大脑中的一个三方法维方式。颅内硬膜下录制最初报道于1939年时被彭菲尔德和他的同事用在病人硬膜外单触点电极与一个老左颞顶骨折，其pneumoencephalography披露弥漫性脑萎缩5。随后，使用硬膜下栅阵列的多个发布后，在1980年的表现出越来越流行的安全性和有效性6。该SEEG方法在50年代开发的，并让Tailarach和Jean Bancaud普及，在法国和已大多用在法国和意大利的首选难治性局灶性癫痫7-9侵入映射的方法。 SEEG的原理是基于anatomo-电临床相关性，这作为其主要原理的癫痫样放电的三维时空组织大脑内的相关性癫痫症状学。植入策略因人而异，与电极放置基础上床前假设，即考虑了癫痫样活动的主要组织和参与了癫痫的传播的假设性癫痫网络。据一些欧洲和最近的北美报道，SEEG方法使深部皮层和皮层下结构，多个不连续的LO精确记录BES和双边的探索，同时避免了大量开颅手术10-15。此后，术后图像的拍摄，得到植入电极的精确的解剖位置。随后，监测周期开始使病人留在医院进行为期1〜4周，以从植入电极记录发作和发作期的活动。本监测周期是一个时机研究使用事件相关SEEG分析大脑功能，因为没有额外的风险，病人一般看待研究性学习从平凡的监测期一个值得欢迎的缓刑。录音囊括从颅内电极是不仅要改进评价和护理癫痫患者的生命，但是另外提供期间行为范式来研究人类的大脑活动的特殊的机会。 一些研究者已经意识到学习的侵入录音机会癫痫病人。 希尔等人报道了用于从患者的记录electrocorticographic（ECOG）信号的功能皮层映射16上的方法。脑电图记录也提供了洞察电机语言联结17。患者植入深部电极已经完成导航任务，研究脑振荡记忆，学习18和19的运动。深度电极记录也被用来研究范式与否则达不到的时间分辨率，如海马诱发活性20，在默认模式的网络21的神经活动，情绪处理22的时间进程。 Hudry等人研究了患者的颞叶癫痫谁了植入到他们的杏仁核为短期嗅觉刺激匹配23 SEEG电极。另一组研究了简单的肢体运动，如手或屈曲手的单边行动或脚的健康编织机从癫痫患者n个位置与植入SEEG 24,25。 上述研究是相关文献的一个非常多元化的集合的一小部分。存在着一个不可逾越的潜力去学习和了解人类大脑是如何工作的使用行为任务和颅内录音的组合。虽然还有其他的方法来实现这一目标，颅内录音具有以下几个优点，包括高时空分辨率，以及进入更深层次的结构。作者的目的是描述一般方法从患者的过程中的行为任务颅内电极记录。不过，也有一些威慑和障碍，成功完成临床研究中接受治疗的患者。限制，干扰效果，这项研究的意义也将确定和探索。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>InMotion ARM</td>
			<td>Interactive Motion Technologies</td>
			<td>InMotion Arm</td>
			<td><a href="http://interactive-motion.com/inmotion-arm-the-new-standard-of-care/">http://interactive-motion.com/inmotion-arm-the-new-standard-of-care/</a> 
			Equipment our lab used, can use other equipment to collect data</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MATLAB</td>
			<td>Mathworks Inc</td>
			<td>MATLAB</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.mathworks.com/">http://www.mathworks.com/</a> 
			Need version r2007b or higher to run Monkeylogic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Data Acquisition Toolbox</td>
			<td>Mathworks Inc</td>
			<td>Data Acquisition Toolbox</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.mathworks.com/products/daq/">http://www.mathworks.com/products/daq/</a> 
			Must have to run Monkeylogic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Image Processing Toolbox</td>
			<td>Mathworks Inc</td>
			<td>Image Processing Toolbox</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.mathworks.com/products/image/">http://www.mathworks.com/products/image/</a> 
			Must have to run Monkeylogic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Monkeylogic</td>
			<td>Wael Asaad and David Freedman</td>
			<td>Monkeylogic</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.brown.edu/Research/monkeylogic/">http://www.brown.edu/Research/monkeylogic/</a> 
			Free download, must have MATLAB to run</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chronux&#160;</td>
			<td>Medametrics, LLC&#160;</td>
			<td>Data Processing Toolbox</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.chronux.org/">http://www.chronux.org/</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Brainstorm</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>MEG/EEG Analysis Application</td>
			<td><a href="http://neuroimage.usc.edu/brainstorm/">http://neuroimage.usc.edu/brainstorm/</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laptop</td>
			<td>Dell</td>
			<td>Latitude E5530</td>
			<td><a href="http://www.dell.com/us/business/p/latitude-e5530/pd?ST=dell%20latitude%20e5530&amp;dgc=ST&amp;cid=263756&amp;lid=4781504&amp;acd=12309152537461010">http://www.dell.com/us/business/p/latitude-e5530/pd?ST=dell%20latitude%20e5530&#38;dgc=ST&#38;cid=263756&#38;lid=4781504&#38;acd=12309152537461010</a></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NI Card</td>
			<td>National Instruments</td>
			<td>NI USB-6008</td>
			<td><a href="http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/en/nid/201986">http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/en/nid/201986</a> 
			12-Bit, 10 kS/s Low-Cost Multifunction DAQ</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

performing behavioral tasks in subjects with intracranial electrodes

具有立体脑电图（SEEG）电极，硬膜下网格或深部电极植入患者中有大量的植入他们的大脑为他们扣押的重点和雄辩的地区本地化的不同区域的电极。植入后，患者必须留在医院直到脑的病理区域被发现，可能切除。在此期间，这些患者提供了一个独特的机会，研究界，因为可以执行任何数量的行为范式揭示神经相关的引导行为。在这里，我们提出了一个方法，从颅内植入记录大脑活动为主题进行设计评估决策和奖励编码的行为的任务。从颅内电极的电全部数据的行为的任务过程中被记录，允许在时间从事单一功能的许多脑区的检测秤相关的行为。此外，不像动物研究中，人类患者可以学习各种行为任务快速，允许在相同的受试者或用于执行控制执行多个任务的能力。尽管这种技术对于了解人类大脑功能的诸多优点，也有方法上的限制，我们讨论，包括环境因素，镇痛作用，时间限制和记录，从病变组织。这种方法可以通过执行颅内评估任何机构可以轻松实现;提供机会的行为中直接检查人脑的功能。

在这些结果中，我们从一个主题玩战争任务捕捉到的边缘系统呈现SEEG数据的分析。我们可以证明，战争任务的各种方面唤起显著伽玛带（40 - 150赫兹）调制在边缘系统（ 图1）。可以看出，在视觉皮层，在屏幕效果的对象在一个快速延迟的呈现（〜200毫秒），宽频响应，无论任务偶然性。此外，似乎是在过程中的奖励期间的响应和对未获报偿试验的诱发响应的功率之间的电位差的持续...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes at JoVE.com

Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes

执行任务的行为与颅内电极主题

植入患者颅内电极提供了一个独特的机会来记录从大脑的多个区域神经功能数据，同时对患者进行行为的任务。这里，我们提出了从植入的患者，可以是可再现的，在其他机构以访问该患者群体记录的方法。

Patients having stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) electrode, subdural grid or depth electrode implants have a multitude of electrodes implanted in ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

学习运动技能通过单颗粒到达任务小鼠学习

Reaching for and retrieving objects require precise and coordinated motor movements in the forelimb. When mice are repeatedly trained to grasp and ...

科研

行为学

Behavioral Phenotyping of Murine Disease Models with the Integrated Behavioral Station (INBEST)

Behavioral Phenotyping of Murine Disease Models with the Integrated Behavioral Station INBEST

小鼠疾病模型的集成行为车站行为表型（INBEST）

Due to rapid advances in genetic engineering, small rodents have become the preferred subjects in many disciplines of biomedical research. In studies of ...

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks

A set of behavioral tasks for assessing perceptual and sensorimotor timing abilities in the general population (i.e., non-musicians) is presented here ...

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

一个过程来观察大鼠巴甫洛夫空调酒精寻求行为的背景下引发的重建

Environmental contexts in which drugs of abuse are consumed can trigger craving, a subjective Pavlovian-conditioned response that can facilitate ...

Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy of the Sensory and Motor Brain Regions with Simultaneous Kinematic and EMG Monitoring During Motor Tasks

感觉和运动脑区与运动同步和肌电图监测功能近红外光谱在运动任务

There are several advantages that functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) presents in the study of the neural control of human movement. It is ...

Measurement of Vibration Detection Threshold and Tactile Spatial Acuity in Human Subjects

振动检测阈值和触觉敏锐的空间在人类受试者的测量

Tests that allow the precise determination of psychophysical thresholds for vibration and grating orientation provide valuable information about ...

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

联合穿梭盒子训练与电的Cortex记录和刺激作为一种工具来研究感知和学习

Shuttle-box avoidance learning is a well-established method in behavioral neuroscience and experimental setups were traditionally custom-made; the ...

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

事件相关电位在目标响应的任务，研究的上肢使用在儿童认知过程单侧脑性麻痹

Unilateral Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is a very common cause of disability in childhood. It is characterized by unilateral ...

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet

行为障碍：一个创新的方法来监控保健品饮食的调节作用

In dogs, diets are often used to modulate behavioral disturbances related to chronic anxiety and stress caused by intense and restless activity. However, ...

Continuous Noninvasive Measuring of Crayfish Cardiac and Behavioral Activities

小龙虾心脏的连续无创测量与行为活动

A crayfish is a pivotal aquatic organism that serves both as a practical biological model for behavioral and physiological studies of invertebrates and as ...