Name: identification of key factors regulating self-renewal and differentiation in eml hematopoietic precursor cells by rna-sequencing analysis
Uploaded: 2014-11-11T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis at JoVE.com

JQW, SZ, SD and KC are supported by grant from the National Institutes of Health and the Staman Ogilvie Fund&#8212;Memorial Hermann Foundation.

1. EML细胞培养和使用磁性细胞分选系统和Lin-CD34 +和林-CD34-细胞分离荧光激活细胞分选法<ol><li>制备幼仓鼠肾（BHK）细胞培养基中对干细胞因子集合的： <ol><li>培养BHK细胞中，在37℃，5％CO 2下在细胞培养孵育箱含有10％FBS中为25cm 2烧瓶中（ 表1）的DMEM培养基中。 </li><li>当细胞生长至80 - 90％汇合时，用10ml的PBS洗一次细胞。加入5毫升0.25％的胰蛋白酶-EDTA溶液，以单层?...

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哺乳动物转录是非常复杂的34-38。 RNA测序技术在转录组分析，新转录本的检测和单核苷酸变异的发现等的研究，越来越重要的作用，具有比其它方法进行基因表达分析的许多优点。如引言中所述，它克服了微阵列的杂交工件和可用于鉴定新的转录物从头 。 RNA的测序中的一个限制是比较Sanger测序相对短的读长。然而，随着测序技术的飞速进步，阅读长度不断增加。在本?...

造血干细胞是驻留主要在成人骨髓龛罕见的血细胞。他们负责生产补充血液所需的细胞和免疫系统1。作为一种干细胞，造血干细胞能自​​我更新和分化。阐明了控制造血干细胞的命运决定的机制，无论是对自我更新或分化，将造血干细胞上的操作对血液病的研究和临床应用2提供了宝贵的指导意见。面对的研究者的一个问题是造血干细胞可以维持并在体外扩增到非常有限的程度;他们的后代的绝大多数部分分化培养2。 为了确定控制自我更新和分化的过程中，在全基因组规模的关键调节剂，我们使用了一个鼠原始造血祖细胞系的EML作为模型系统。日是细胞系来自于小鼠骨髓3,4。当具有不同的生长因子供给，EML的细胞能够分化成红细胞，粒细胞，和淋巴细胞在体外 5。重要的是，该细胞系可以传播中大量含有培养基的干细胞因子（SCF）和仍保持其multipotentiality。 EML的细胞可以被分离成自我更新林的SCA + CD34 +亚群和偏微分根据表面标记物CD34和SCA的6林-SCA-CD34-细胞。类似的短期造血干细胞，SCA + CD34 +细胞能够自我更新。当与SCF，林SCA + CD34 +细胞治疗可迅速再生林SCA + CD34 +和林-SCA-CD34-细胞的混合群，并继续增殖6。两个种群在形态相似，并且具有的c-kit mRNA和蛋白6相似的水平。林SCA-CD34-细胞能够在传播媒体的含IL-3，而不是SCF 3。 Unveilin克在EML中的细胞命运决定，将造血过程中提供更好的理解的细胞和分子机制在早期发育过渡的关键调节剂。 为了研究的自我更新林的SCA + CD34 +和偏微分林SCA-CD34 - 细胞间的潜在的分子差异，我们使用RNA测序，以确定差异表达的基因。特别是，我们专注于转录因子，转录因子是决定细胞命运的关键。 RNA测序是最近发展起来的方法，利用新一代测序的能力（NGS）技术来分析和量化的RNA基因组，从7,8转录。简言之，总RNA是多聚A选择并割裂作为初始template.The RNA模板，然后转换成cDNA使用逆转录酶。为了映射全长的RNA转录物，用完整的，未降解的RNA构建cDNA文库，是非常重要的。对于PUR姿势测序，具体接头序列被添加到cDNA的两端。然后，在大多数情况下，cDNA分子通过PCR扩增和测序的高通量方式进行。 测序后，由此产生的读取可以对齐到参考基因组和转录组数据库。的读取数映射到参考基因进行计数，并且这个信息可以被用来估计的基因表达水平。的读取，也可以组装从头无参考基因组，可实现转录的非生物模型9的研究。 RNA的以次技术也已用于检测剪接异构体10-12，新转录13和基因融合14。除了 ​​对编码蛋 ​​白质的基因的检测，RNA测序，也可用于检测新的和分析的非编码RNA，如转录水平长的非编码RNA 15,16，微小RNA 17的siRNA 等 18。由于的t这种方法的他准确性，它已被用于检测的单核苷酸变异19,20。 的RNA测序技术出现之前，微阵列被用来分析基因表达模式的主要方法。预先设计的探针被合成，随后附着于固相表面，以形成微阵列载玻 ​​片21。 mRNA的提取并转化为cDNA。在反转录过程中，荧光标记的核苷酸被掺入到cDNA和该cDNA可以杂交到微阵列载玻片。从一个特定的点收集到的信号的强度依赖于cDNA的上点21结合的特异性探针的量。用RNA测序技术相比，芯片有几个限制。首先，微阵列依赖于基因注释的预先存在的知识，而RNA测序技术能够检测到新的转录物，在相对较高的背景水平，这限制了它的使用，当歌NE表达水平是低的。此外，RNA测序技术有高得多的动态范围检测（8000倍）7，而，由于背景和信号的饱和度，微阵列的准确性是有限的两个高和低表达基因7,22。最后，芯片探针有不同的杂交效率，一个样品23中比较不同转录本的相对表达水平时，这使结果不可靠。虽然RNA测序过微阵列具有许多优点，它的数据分析是复杂的。这是许多研究人员仍然使用RNA测序的微阵列代替的原因之一。各种生物信息学工具所需的RNA测序数据的处理和分析24。 在几种新一代测序（NGS）的平台上，454，Illumina公司，固体和离子洪流是最广泛使用的。 454是第一个商业化NGS平台。在对比的其它测序平台如Illumina公司和扎实，454平台生成更长的读长（平均700个碱基读取）25。较长的读取是transcriptiome的初始特性更好，由于其较高的装配效率25。 454平台的主要缺点是它的每个序列的兆碱基成本高。 Illumina公司和雄厚的平台生成读取增加的数量和长度短。每个序列的兆碱基的成本比454平台低得多。由于大量的短读取的Illumina的和固体的平台，数据分析是更计算密集的。仪器和试剂用于测序的离子洪流平台的价格比较便宜的测序时间短25。但是，错误率和每序列的兆碱基的成本都较高相比，Illumina的和固体的平台。不同的平台都有自己的优点和缺点，需要不同的方法对数据进行分析。解放军TForm的应基于测序的目的和资金的情况进行选择。 在本文中，我们采取的Illumina RNA测序平台为例。我们使用的EML细胞作为模型系统来调查在EML的细胞的自我更新和分化的关键调节剂，并提供RNA测序文库的构建和数据分析表达水平的计算和新的转录检测的详细方法。我们已经证明在我们以前的出版物，在EML的模型系统2的RNA及以下的研究中，加上功能测试（ 例如，shRNA的击倒）提供一种有效的方法，在理解造血细胞分化的早期阶段的分子机制时，并且可以作为一个模型细胞自我更新和分化的一般分析。

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identification of key factors regulating self-renewal and differentiation in eml hematopoietic precursor cells by rna-sequencing analysis

是造血干细胞（HSCs）用于临床移植治疗以重建病人的造血系统的许多疾病，如白血病和淋巴瘤。阐明控制造血干细胞的自我更新和分化的机制是用于研究和临床用途应用造血干细胞的重要。然而，这是不可能得到大量的造血干细胞，因为它们不能在体外增殖。为了克服这个障碍，我们使用了一个鼠骨髓衍生的细胞系，在EML（红系，髓系和淋巴细胞）细胞系，如用于这项研究的模型系统。 RNA的测序（RNA片段）已被越来越多地用于代替微阵列的基因表达研究。我们在这里报告使用RNA测序技术来调查潜在的关键因素在EML细胞的自我更新和分化的调节的具体方法。在本文提供的方法是分为三个部分。第一杆吨解释了如何培养EML细胞和独立的林CD34 +和林-CD34-细胞。该协议的第二部分提供了详细的程序总RNA制备和随后的图书馆建设高通量测序。最后一部分介绍的方法进行RNA测序数据的分析和解释了如何使用这些数据来确定林-CD34 +和林-CD34-细胞间差异表达的转录因子。最显著差异表达的转录因子被鉴定为潜在的关键调节控制EML的细胞的自我更新和分化的影响。在本文的讨论部分，我们强调这个实验的成功业绩的关键步骤。 综上所述，本文提供了使用RNA测序技术，以确定自我更新和分化中的EML细胞的潜在调节剂的方法。所确定的关键因素进行体外和我的下游功能分析Ñ ​​体内。

为了分析差异表达基因的林CD34 +和林-CD34-细胞EML，我们使用了RNA测序技术。 如图1所示的程序流程。谱系阴性细胞的磁性细胞分选分离后，我们就分开了林SCA + CD34 +，并使用流式细胞仪咏叹调林SCA-CD34-细胞。林富EML的细胞用抗CD34，抗SCA1和谱系鸡尾酒抗体。只有Lin-被门控的SCA1和CD34的表达分析。两个群体（SCA + CD34 +和SCA-CD34- EML的细胞）可以通过FACS分析（ 图2）6被?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis at JoVE.com

Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis

在EML造血前体细胞调节自我更新和分化的关键因素，通过RNA测序分析鉴定

RNA测序和生物信息学分析被用来确定显著和差异表达的转录因子在小鼠EMLcells林-CD34 +和林-CD34-细胞亚群。这些转录因子可能在确定自我更新林的CD34 +和偏微分林CD34-细胞间的开关发挥重要作用。

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are used clinically for transplantation treatment to rebuild a patient&#39;s hematopoietic system in many diseases such as ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Isolation and Analysis of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from the Placenta

从胎盘中的造血干细胞的分离和分析

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to self-renew and generate all cell types of the blood lineages throughout the lifetime of an individual. ...

科研

生物学

The use of SC1 (Pluripotin) to Support mESC Self-renewal in the Absence of LIF

The use of SC1 Pluripotin to Support mESC Self-renewal in the Absence of LIF

SC1（Pluripotin）使用，以支持在没有LIF的自我更新MESC

Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are conventionally cultured with Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) to maintain self-renewal.1 However, LIF is expensive and ...

Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

表型分析和分离小鼠造血干细胞和传承的承诺祖

The bone marrow is the principal site where HSCs and more mature blood cells lineage progenitors reside and differentiate in an adult organism. HSCs ...

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Oct4GiP记者试验研究小鼠胚胎干细胞维持和自我更新的基因调节

Pluripotency and self-renewal are two defining characteristics of embryonic stem cells (ES cells). Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism will ...

In vivo Reprogramming of Adult Somatic Cells to Pluripotency by Overexpression of Yamanaka Factors

In vivo Reprogramming of Adult Somatic Cells to Pluripotency by Overexpression of Yamanaka Factors

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that result from the reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state by forced expression of defined factors ...

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

监控功能和血管形态由快速增长的肿瘤产生细胞分泌的因素招募

The subcutaneous matrigel plug assay in mice is a method of choice for the in vivo evaluation of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. In this method, desired ...

In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow

In Vivo 4-Dimensional Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Adult Mouse Calvarial Bone Marrow

在造血干细胞和祖细胞的成年小鼠颅骨骨髓体内四维跟踪

Through a delicate balance between quiescence and proliferation, self renewal and production of differentiated progeny, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ...

Retroviral Infection of Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Embryoid Body Cells for Analysis of Hematopoietic Differentiation

小鼠胚胎的逆转录病毒感染干细胞衍生胚体细胞造血分化的分析

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are an outstanding model for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of cellular differentiation. They are especially useful for ...

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

糖皮质激素粪分析：在马属动物无创监测肾上腺

Adrenal activity can be assessed in the equine species by analysis of feces for corticosterone metabolites. During a potentially aversive situation, ...

Analysis of Cell Suspensions Isolated from Solid Tissues by Spectral Flow Cytometry

通过光谱流式细胞仪由固态组织中分离出悬浮细胞系的分析

Flow cytometry has been used for the past 40 years to define and analyze the phenotype of lymphoid and other hematopoietic cells. Initially restricted to ...