Name: deriving retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) from induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells by different sizes of embryoid bodies
Uploaded: 2015-02-04T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium RPE from Induced Pluripotent Stem iPS Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies at JoVE.com

The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. This research was performed while the authors Alberto Mu&#241;iz, Ramesh R Kaini, Whitney A Greene and Jae-Hyek Choi held a National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship at the USAISR. This work was supported by U.S. Army Clinical Rehabilitative Medicine Research Program (CRMRP) and Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP).

1. Preparazione dei reagenti Cultura e piastre di coltura <ol><li> Preparare cellule staminali mezzo di coltura privo di alimentatore aggiungendo 100 ml di integratore senza siero 5x a 400 ml di cellule staminali medio basale. Il medium è stabile a 4 ° C per 2 settimane ed a -20 ° C per 6 mesi. </li><li> Aggiungere 10 mM soluzione di rho-associata, avvolto-coil contenente la proteina chinasi (Rock) inibitore di disponibile in commercio corpo embrioide (EB) di media formazione (Y-27362). </li><li> Preparare medio di...

<ol>
	<li>Takahashi, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+fibroblast+cultures.">Induction of pluripotent stem cells from fibroblast cultures.</a> Nat Protoc. 2 (12), 3081-3089 (2007).</li><li>Reubinoff, B. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Embryonic+stem+cell+lines+from+human+blastocysts:+somatic+differentiation+in+vitro.">Embryonic stem cell lines from human blastocysts: somatic differentiation in vitro.</a> Nat Biotechnol. 18 (4), 399-404 (2000).</li><li>Thomson, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Embryonic+stem+cell+lines+derived+from+human+blastocysts.">Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts.</a> Science. 282 (5391), 1145-1147 (1998).</li><li>Takahashi, K., Yamanaka, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+mouse+embryonic+and+adult+fibroblast+cultures+by+defined+factors.">Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.</a> Cell. 126 (4), 663-676 (2006).</li><li>Yu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotent+stem+cell+lines+derived+from+human+somatic+cells.">Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells.</a> Science. 318 (5858), 1917-1920 (2007).</li><li>Buchholz, D. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Derivation+of+functional+retinal+pigmented+epithelium+from+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Derivation of functional retinal pigmented epithelium from induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Stem Cells. 27 (10), 2427-2434 (2009).</li><li>Ukrohne, T. U., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells+from+small+molecules+and+OCT4+reprogrammed+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Generation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from small molecules and OCT4 reprogrammed human induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Stem Cells Transl Med. 1 (2), 96-109 (2012).</li><li>Subba, R. M., Sasikala, M., Nageshwar, R. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thinking+outside+the+liver:+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+for+hepatic+applications.">Thinking outside the liver: induced pluripotent stem cells for hepatic applications.</a> World J Gastroenterol. 19 (22), 3385-3396 (2013).</li><li>Yoshida, Y., Yamanaka, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=iPS+cells:+a+source+of+cardiac+regeneration.">iPS cells: a source of cardiac regeneration.</a> J Mol Cell Cardiol. 50 (2), 327-332 (2011).</li><li>Mak, S. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small+molecules+greatly+improve+conversion+of+human-induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+to+the+neuronal+lineage.">Small molecules greatly improve conversion of human-induced pluripotent stem cells to the neuronal lineage.</a> Stem Cells Int. 2012, 140427 (2012).</li><li>Bauwens, C. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Control+of+human+embryonic+stem+cell+colony+and+aggregate+size+heterogeneity+influences+differentiation+trajectories.">Control of human embryonic stem cell colony and aggregate size heterogeneity influences differentiation trajectories.</a> Stem Cells. 26 (9), 2300-2310 (2008).</li><li>Cour la, M., Tezel, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Retinal+Pigment+Epithelium.">The Retinal Pigment Epithelium.</a> Advances in Organ Biology. 10, 253-273 (2006).</li><li>Vaajassari, V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Toward+the+defined+and+xeno-free+differentiation+of+functional+human+pluripotent+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells.">Toward the defined and xeno-free differentiation of functional human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells.</a> Mol Vis. 17, 558-575 (2011).</li><li>Carr, A. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effects+of+human+iPS-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+cell+transplantation+in+the+retinal+dystrophic+rat.">Protective effects of human iPS-derived retinal pigment epithelium cell transplantation in the retinal dystrophic rat.</a> PLoS One. 4 (12), e8152 (2009).</li><li>Muniz, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retinoid+uptake,+processing,+and+secretion+in+human+iPS-RPE+support+the+visual+cycle.">Retinoid uptake, processing, and secretion in human iPS-RPE support the visual cycle.</a> Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 55 (1), 198-209 (2014).</li><li>Meyer, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modeling+early+retinal+development+with+human+embryonic+and+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Modeling early retinal development with human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106 (39), 16698-16703 (2009).</li><li>Bratt-Leal, A. M., Carpenedo, R. L., McDevitt, T. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engineering+the+embryoid+body+microenvironment+to+direct+embryonic+stem+cell+differentiation.">Engineering the embryoid body microenvironment to direct embryonic stem cell differentiation.</a> Biotechnol Prog. 25 (1), 43-51 (2009).</li><li>Kurosawa, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methods+for+inducing+embryoid+body+formation:+in+vitro+differentiation+system+of+embryonic+stem+cells.">Methods for inducing embryoid body formation: in vitro differentiation system of embryonic stem cells.</a> J Biosci Bioeng. 103 (5), 389-398 (2007).</li><li>Itskovitz-Eldor, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differentiation+of+human+embryonic+stem+cells+into+embryoid+bodies+compromising+the+three+embryonic+germ+layers.">Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies compromising the three embryonic germ layers.</a> Mol Med. 6 (2), 88-95 (2000).</li><li>Ng, E. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Forced+aggregation+of+defined+numbers+of+human+embryonic+stem+cells+into+embryoid+bodies+fosters+robust,+reproducible+hematopoietic+differentiation.">Forced aggregation of defined numbers of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies fosters robust, reproducible hematopoietic differentiation.</a> Blood. 106 (5), 1601-1603 (2005).</li><li>Maminishkis, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Confluent+monolayers+of+cultured+human+fetal+retinal+pigment+epithelium+exhibit+morphology+and+physiology+of+native+tissue.">Confluent monolayers of cultured human fetal retinal pigment epithelium exhibit morphology and physiology of native tissue.</a> Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 47 (8), 3612-3624 (2006).</li></ol>

Per realizzare pienamente le potenzialità delle cellule staminali pluripotenti per terapia cellulare, è necessario regolare la loro differenziazione in modo coerente e riproducibile. Questo rapporto descrive i protocolli per formare EB dimensioni controllato utilizzando la tecnologia micropiastre, avviare differenziazione verso RPE e identificare proteine ​​e geni marcatori di RPE. Per sincronizzare la differenziazione in vitro, misure omogenee di EBs erano formate da un numero noto di cellule iPS centrif...

Staminali pluripotenti (iPS) cellule indotti sono un tipo di cellule staminali pluripotenti derivate riprogrammando cellule adulte con fattori estrinseci 1. Al contrario, le cellule embrionali staminali (ESC), un altro tipo di cellule staminali pluripotenti, sono generati dalla massa cellulare interna della blastocisti 2-3. Nonostante le loro diverse origini, le cellule iPS e CES sono paragonabili nella loro illimitata capacità di replicare in vitro e nella loro capacità di differenziarsi in qualsiasi tipo di cellula 4-5. Queste caratteristiche di cellule iPS li rendono candidati ideali per applicazioni in medicina rigenerativa personalizzata. I recenti sforzi di ricerca si concentrano sullo sviluppo di protocolli di differenziazione affidabili per la produzione di cellule adulte specializzate, tra epitelio pigmentato retinico (RPE) 6-11. Per i potenziali applicazioni cliniche delle cellule iPS derivate, una differenziazione diretta di che tipo di cellula specifica indispensabile. Ci sono vari metodipubblicato per la differenziazione diretta di entrambi i CES e iPS cellule in RPE che varia notevolmente nella loro efficienza 6-7, 12-16. Noi ancora non conosciamo molti degli eventi molecolari che governano il destino delle cellule / tessuti durante lo sviluppo o il differenziamento. Negli ultimi anni, sono stati fatti sforzi per sviluppare il protocollo di differenziazione che può imitare lo sviluppo embrionale, per quanto possibile. Durante la fase di blastocisti, la popolazione non impegnati di cellule staminali sono insieme in un microambiente tridimensionale. Così, diverse strategie sono state applicate per rendere le cellule ESC / IPS assemblati insieme e crescere in tre dimensioni. Questi aggregati di cellule staminali sono chiamati corpi embrionali (EBS). Studi hanno dimostrato che EB differenziazione delle cellule staminali imitano fase iniziale di sviluppo dell&#39;embrione e può spontaneamente dar luogo a endoderma primitivo sulla sua superficie esterna. Più tardi, lo sviluppo EB progredisce, fenotipi cellulari differenziate di tutte e tre le linee germinali appaiono 17-18. Therefore, Ebs protocolli di differenziazione basata hanno attirato molta attenzione per la differenziazione in vitro di cellule ESC / IPS e sono un buon candidato per la generazione RPE da cellule staminali pluripotenti 13. EBs possono essere effettuate utilizzando diversi metodi di cellule / iPS ESC. Inizialmente, EBs sono state fatte da raschiando colonie aderenti e il mantenimento in coltura in sospensione non aderente. Tuttavia, questo approccio produce popolazione eterogenea di EB che provoca scarsa riproducibilità. Hanging coltura cellulare goccia e microwell formazione EBs base sono altre tecniche popolari per la formazione EBs che danno EBs omogenee di dimensioni definite che sono altamente riproducibili. Inoltre, la tecnica micropozzetti può produrre gran numero di aggregati con minor sforzo. Differenziazione delle cellule all&#39;interno EBS è regolata da un multiplex di spunti morfogenici dal microambiente extracellulare e intracellulare. A differenza di differenziazione in un monFormato olayer, EBs fornire una piattaforma per complesso insieme di cellule e di segnalazione intercellulare a verificarsi 17. È interessante notare, è stato osservato il numero di cellule staminali pluripotenti utilizzati per realizzare singoli EB influenzare il destino di cellule. Ad esempio, in uno studio differenziazione ematopoietica dei CES umani, è stato osservato che 500 cellule EB promosso differenziamento verso linea mieloide che 1.000 celle EB spinto verso lineage eritroide 20. In un altro studio, EBs piccoli favorito differenziazione endoderma mentre EBs grandi promosse verso neuro-ectoderma differenziazione 11, 17. Questi studi precedenti suggeriscono che il numero di cellule ESC / iPS utilizzati per rendere le singole EB influisce EBS differenziazione in base a qualsiasi tipo di cellule. Tuttavia, a nostra conoscenza, non ci sono studi in corso che hanno chiarito l&#39;impatto di dimensioni EBs nella sua propensione a differenziare verso RPE. L&#39;obiettivo di questo studio è quello di caratterizzare l&#39;influenzaDimensioni EB su indotte pluripotenti staminali (cellule iPS) - retinico pigmentato (iPS-RPE) differenziazione e di individuare il numero di cellulare ottimale per fare EBS per la differenziazione diretta verso RPE lignaggio.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="722">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="36">
			<td height="36" style="height:36px;width:239px;">Name of Material/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:161px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">mTeSR1 media + 5X supplement</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>5850</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Y-27632 (Rock Inhibitor)</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>72304</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM/F12</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11330-032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">2-Mercaptoethanol</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">M-7154</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Non essential amino acids</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Hyclone(Fisher)</td>
			<td>SH30853.01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Knockout serum replacement</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">10828-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Gentamicin&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">15750-060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">L-Glutamine</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">25030-081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">MEM media</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">10370-021</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">N1 supplement</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">N-6530-5ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Taurine</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">T-8691-25G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">H0888-1G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Hyclone(Fisher)</td>
			<td>SH3008803HI</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Triiodo-l-thyronine sodium&#160; salt</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">T6397</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">S5881</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Dispase</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>17105-041</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Matrigel</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">354277</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Phosphate buffered saline</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Hyclone(Fisher)</td>
			<td>10010-023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Aggrewell 400 plate</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>27940</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">AggreWell medium</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>5893</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Accutase</td>
			<td>Stem Cell Technologies</td>
			<td>7920</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:239px;">BD Cytofix/Cytoperm Fixation/Permeabilization Kit</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>554714</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Mouse Anti-PAX6 antibody</td>
			<td colspan="2">Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Rabbit Anti- RX antibody</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>Ab23340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Mouse&#160; Anti-MITF antibody</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>MS-772-P</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">Rabbit Anti-ZO-1 antibody</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>40-2200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">RNeasy plus mini kit</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>74134</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">PCR master mix</td>
			<td>promega</td>
			<td>M7502</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:239px;">High capacity RNA to c DNA kit</td>
			<td style="width:183px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td>4387406</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

deriving retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) from induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells by different sizes of embryoid bodies

Pluripotent stem cells possess the ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into almost any cell type. Additionally, the development of techniques to reprogram somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has generated interest and excitement towards the possibility of customized personal regenerative medicine. However, the efficiency of stem cell differentiation towards a desired lineage remains low. The purpose of this study is to describe a protocol to derive retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) from iPS cells (iPS-RPE) by applying a tissue engineering approach to generate homogenous populations of embryoid bodies (EBs), a common intermediate during in vitro differentiation. The protocol applies the formation of specific size of EBs using microwell plate technology. The methods for identifying protein and gene markers of RPE by immunocytochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are also explained. Finally, the efficiency of differentiation in different sizes of EBs monitored by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of RPE markers is described. These techniques will facilitate the differentiation of iPS cells into RPE for future applications.

In questo esperimento, le cellule iPS sono state coltivate e differenziate nel lignaggio RPE da EBS. EBs di dimensioni controllati, sono stati formati utilizzando micropiastra. Come si vede nella figura 1 formazione EB era omogeneo nelle micropiastre. Questi EBs stati poi raccolti e piastrate su piastre da 6 pozzetti (Figura 2). RPE può essere identificato con la loro classica esagonale morfologia, pigmentazione, e l&#39;espressione di marcatori RPE. Dopo 1...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium RPE from Induced Pluripotent Stem iPS Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies at JoVE.com

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium RPE from Induced Pluripotent Stem iPS Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Derivazione retina epitelio pigmentato (RPE) da pluripotenti indotte (IPS) Stem Cells dalle diverse dimensioni delle corpi embrionali

L&#39;obiettivo di questa relazione è quello di descrivere i protocolli per derivare l&#39;epitelio pigmentato retinico (RPE) da staminali pluripotenti indotte (iPS), le cellule con diverse dimensioni di corpi embrionali.

Pluripotent stem cells possess the ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into almost any cell type. Additionally, the development of ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Efficient Derivation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Stem Cells

Derivazione efficiente di cellule retiniche epitelio pigmentato da cellule staminali

No cure has been discovered for age-related macular degeneration  (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 55. AMD is complex ...

Ricerca

Biologia dello sviluppo

Analysis of Retinoic Acid-induced Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Two and Three-dimensional Embryoid Bodies

Analisi di acido retinoico-indotta neurale differenziazione di cellule staminali embrionali di topo a organi embrionali due e tridimensionali

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) isolated from the inner mass of the blastocyst (typically at day E3.5), can be used as in vitro model system for ...

Differentiating Chondrocytes from Peripheral Blood-derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Differenziare i condrociti da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte dall&#39;uomo derivato dal sangue

In this study, we used peripheral blood cells (PBCs) as seed cells to produce chondrocytes via induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in an ...

Chondrogenic Pellet Formation from Cord Blood-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Formazione di pellet condensato da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte dal sangue

Human articular cartilage lacks the ability to repair itself. Cartilage degeneration is thus treated not by curative but by conservative treatments. ...

Rapid, Directed Differentiation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Human Embryonic or Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Rapida, regia di differenziazione delle cellule epiteliali del pigmento retinico da cellule staminali pluripotenti umane embrionali o indotto

We describe a robust method to direct the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). The purpose of providing ...

Engineering Transplantation-suitable Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tissue Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Ingegneria del tessuto di trapianto-adatto del pigmento retinico epitelio derivato da cellule staminali embrionali umane

Several pathological conditions of the eye affect the functionality and/or the survival of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). These include some forms ...

Generation of Human Primordial Germ Cell-like Cells at the Surface of Embryoid Bodies from Primed-pluripotency Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte generazione umana primordiale delle cellule di germe-come delle cellule sulla superficie dei corpi Embryoid da pluripotenza innescato

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are common precursors of all germline cells. In mouse embryos, a founding population of ~40 PGCs are induced from pluripotent ...

Generation of 3D Skin Organoid from Cord Blood-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Generazione di pelle 3D Organoid dal cordone emoderivati indotta da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte

The skin is the body&#8217;s largest organ and has many functions. The skin acts as a physical barrier and protector of the body and regulates bodily ...

In Vitro Generation of Somite Derivatives from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Generazione in Vitro di Somite derivati da umani indotta da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte

In response to signals such as WNTs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and sonic hedgehog (SHH) secreted from surrounding tissues, somites (SMs) give ...

Hemogenic Endothelium Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in A Feeder- and Xeno-free Defined Condition

Differenziazione dell'endotelio endogenico dalle cellule staminali pluripotenti umane in una condizione definita senza alimentatore e Xeno

Deriving functional hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been an elusive goal for autologous ...