Name: organotypic slice cultures for studies of postnatal neurogenesis
Uploaded: 2015-03-04T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Organotypic Slice Cultures for Studies of Postnatal Neurogenesis at JoVE.com

This work was supported by a research grant MOP 119271 to JMW by the Canadian Institute of Health Research. The authors would like to thank Ms. Yao Fang Tan for her outstanding technical assistance.

HINWEIS: Alle Tierverfahren gemäß den zum Tiergesundheit und Tier Richtlinien der Abteilung für Vergleichende Medizin an der Universität von Toronto. 1. Herstellung von Schnitten des Hippocampus <ol><li> Sterilisieren Sie die folgenden Instrumente mit dem Trocken Autoklaven bei 125 ° C: Skalpellgriff (# 3) (2), Standard-Muster Pinzetten, groß (1), Kleine Dissektor Scheren (abgewinkelt zu Seite) (1), Micro Löffel (Löffel und Flach Spachtel Enden) (1), Mikro-Spatel (abgerundet und au...

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Nach CldU (oder BrdU) Verabreichung kann die Zeitleiste der Anwendung von pharmakologischen Mitteln ausgewählt werden, um neugeborene DGCs während bestimmter Entwicklungs Fenster Ziel. Zum Beispiel kann eine hypothetische Mittel während der zweiten Woche nach der CldU Injektion, die vorgeschlagen wird, mit dem Alter der unreifen Neuronen, die zu einem Entwicklungsstadium sind, wo GABA depolarisierende übereinstimmen angewendet werden. Zukünftige Studien unter Verwendung dieses Protokolls kann die pharmakologische M...

Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian hippocampus represents a remarkable example of the brain&#8217;s innate capacity for adaptability and plasticity. Dentate granule cells (DGCs) are generated from a renewable pool of neural progenitor cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, which is one of the two presently well-characterized neurogenic regions in the mammalian brain, and is thought to be particularly important for learning and memory. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system and has a deep location within the mammalian brain, which makes it a difficult target for precise pharmacological manipulation. Additionally, aberrant neurogenesis has been implicated in conditions, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease, which has prompted interest in understanding the influence of various pharmacological agents during the maturation and survival of newborn neurons. The distinction between postnatal and adult neurogenesis is blurred and previous studies have shown that many features of in vivo neuronal development in the early postnatal period and adulthood are similar25. Here we emphasize postnatal neurogenesis and suggest possible applications to adult neurogenesis.
Organotypic slice cultures provide an efficient in vitro method for studying various physiological properties of the mammalian hippocampus. The value of slice cultures prepared from rodent brains can be summarized in three main qualities: 1) the protocol is straightforward and requires readily available materials; 2) slice cultures allow for pharmacological studies that eliminate complex variables such as the deep anatomic location of the hippocampus and circumvents the blood brain barrier1; and 3) the well characterized structure of the hippocampus and tri-synaptic circuit is preserved2. Previous investigators have used the organotypic hippocampal culture to study synaptic development and physiology3,4, gliogenesis5-7, ischemic brain damage8,9, neuroprotection and neurorepair10-12 as well as epilepsy13-15.The slice cultures could also provide a useful model system allowing for the monitoring of cell development in conjunction with labeling of cells with green fluorescent protein (GFP) or other vital markers.
Slice cultures have also been previously employed to study postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis16-19, but one important factor in the majority of these studies is the well-characterized degeneration that results from explanting tissue from adult animals after approximately 2 weeks in vitro20,21. For this reason, slice cultures are typically prepared from early post-natal (P5-P10) mice or rat pups, which utilizes the improved viability of early postnatal brain tissue for culturing22. While previous studies have shown that the early postnatal and adult hippocampus differ with regards to synaptic physiology and the expression of specific neuronal subtypes23,24, there is substantial conservation of the choreographed developmental program that newborn dentate granule cells proceed through during maturation25. Additionally, recent studies have suggested that the physiological characteristics of newborn DGCs in culture are very similar to immature neurons in the acute hippocampal slice preparation16.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="769">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="46" rowspan="2" style="height:47px;width:265px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:131px;">Company</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:135px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td rowspan="2" style="width:239px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:265px;">5-chloro-2&#39;-deoxyuridine (CldU)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">MP Biomedicals</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:135px;">105478</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Hazardous, Carcinogenic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:265px;">Cell culture inserts, 30mm diameter, 0.4&#181;m pore size</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Thermo scientific&#160;</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:135px;">140660</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Nuclon delta coating on these inserts provides better tissue adhesion and improves slice quality.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:265px;">Conical Centrifuge tubes (sterile)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14-432-22</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Dissector scissors (angled to side)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14082-09</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:265px;">Minimum essential medium (MEM)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">11095; liquid</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Store at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:265px;">Eclipse Ni-U fluorescent microscope</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Nikon</td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="80">
			<td height="80" style="height:80px;width:265px;">Glue for tissue</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Krazy Glue</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">KG585</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Use minimum amount of glue to achieve adhesion as any tissue exposed to glue will be unusable for IHC.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Hank&#8217;s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) (500 mL)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14025-092</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Store at 4&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Horse Serum Heat Inactivated (500 mL)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">16050-122</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Make 50 mL aliquots and store at -20&#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:265px;">Kimwipes</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Kimberly-Clarke</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">TW 31KYPBX</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:265px;">Modified glass pipettes (bottom of Pasteur pipette removed and edge smoothed with Bunsen flame)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;"></td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Petri Dish (100mm x 15mm) and (60mm x 15mm)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fisher Brand</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">FB0875712 and FB0875713A</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Scalpel blades #11</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">10011-00</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Scalpel handle #3</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">10003-12</td>
			<td style="width:239px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Serological Pipettes</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sorfa Medical Plastic Co.</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">P8050</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Standard Pattern forceps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">11000-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Sterile vacuum filter</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Thermo-Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">565-0020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Surgical Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">14054-13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:265px;">Syringe driven filter unit</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Millipore-Millex</td>
			<td style="width:135px;">SLGP033RS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:265px;">Tissue chopper with moveable stage</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Stoelting&#160;</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:135px;">51425</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:265px;">Fine tip paintbrush</td>
			<td style="width:131px;"></td>
			<td style="width:135px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

organotypic slice cultures for studies of postnatal neurogenesis

Hier beschreiben wir eine Technik zur Untersuchung Hippocampus postnatale Neurogenese im Gehirn von Nagetieren mit dem organotypischen Kulturtechnik. Diese Methode behält die charakteristische topografische Morphologie des Hippocampus und ermöglicht die direkte Anwendung von pharmakologischen Mitteln für die Entwicklungs Gyrus dentatus des Hippocampus. Zusätzlich können Gewebekulturen für bis zu 4 Wochen aufrechterhalten werden, und somit erlauben, die Reifung von neugeborenen Körnerzellen zu untersuchen. Schnittkulturen ermöglichen eine effiziente pharmakologische Manipulation von hippocampalen Schnitten unter Ausschluss komplexen Variablen wie Unsicherheiten in den tiefen anatomischen Lage des Hippocampus sowie der Bluthirnschranke stehen. Aus diesen Gründen haben wir versucht, organotypischen Kulturen für postnatale Neurogenese Forschung gezielt zu optimieren.

Feststellen, ob organotypischen Kulturen wäre geeignet für adulte Neurogenese Forschung erforderlich, dass sie zwei Hauptkriterien erfüllen: 1), dass Scheiben halten charakteristischen morphologischen Merkmale der Hippocampus nach 10-21 Tagen in vitro (DIV), und 2) dass neugeborene DGCs quantifiziert werden mit Standard-immunhistochemischen Techniken, die üblicherweise in der adulten Neurogenese Forschung beschäftigt. In Bezug auf das erste Kriterium, 1A und 1B markieren S...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Organotypic Slice Cultures for Studies of Postnatal Neurogenesis at JoVE.com

Organotypic Slice Cultures for Studies of Postnatal Neurogenesis

Hier beschreiben wir eine Technik zur Untersuchung Hippocampus postnatale Neurogenese mit dem organotypischen Kulturtechnik. Dieses Verfahren ermöglicht die in vitro Manipulation von Neurogenese und ermöglicht die direkte Anwendung von pharmakologischen Wirkstoffen an die kultivierten Hippocampus.

Organotypischen Kulturen für Studien der postnatale Neurogenese

Here we describe a technique for studying hippocampal postnatal neurogenesis in the rodent brain using the organotypic slice culture technique. This ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Ex Utero Electroporation and Organotypic Slice Culture of Mouse Hippocampal Tissue

Ex Utero Electroporation and Organotypic Slice Culture of Mouse Hippocampal Tissue

Ex Utero Elektroporation und Organotypischen Kultur der Maus Hippocampus-Gewebe

Mouse genetics offers a powerful tool determining the role of specific genes during development. Analyzing the resulting phenotypes by immunohistochemical ...

Forschung

Entwicklungsbiologie

Generation of Genetically Modified Organotypic Skin Cultures Using Devitalized Human Dermis

Herstellung von genetisch veränderten Organotypische Hautkulturen Mit devitalisierten Menschen Dermis

Organotypic cultures allow the reconstitution of a 3D environment critical for cell-cell contact and cell-matrix interactions which mimics the function ...

Generating Primary Fibroblast Cultures from Mouse Ear and Tail Tissues

Erzeugenden Primärfibroblastenkulturen von Maus-Ohr und Schwanz Tissues

Primary cells are derived directly from tissue and are thought to be more representative of the physiological state of cells in vivo than established cell ...

Imaging Cleared Embryonic and Postnatal Hearts at Single-cell Resolution

Imaging Gelöscht Embryonale und postnatale Hearts bei Einzelzell-Auflösung

Single clonal tracing and analysis at the whole-heart level can determine cardiac progenitor cell behavior and differentiation during cardiac development, ...

Visualization of Cell Cycle Variations and Determination of Nucleation in Postnatal Cardiomyocytes

Visualisierung von Zellzyklus-Variationen und Bestimmung der Nukleation in postnatale Kardiomyozyten

Cardiomyocytes are prone to variations of the cell cycle, such as endoreduplication (continuing rounds of DNA synthesis without karyokinesis and ...

Whole-cell Patch-clamp Recordings of Isolated Primary Epithelial Cells from the Epididymis

Ganzzellige Patch-Clamp Aufnahmen von isolierten primären Epithelzellen aus dem Epididymis

The epididymis is an essential organ for sperm maturation and reproductive health. The epididymal epithelium consists of intricately connected cell types ...

Dissection and Coronal Slice Preparation of Developing Mouse Pituitary Gland

Dissektion und koronale Slice Vorbereitung Maus Hypophyse zu entwickeln

The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an important endocrine organ secreting hormones essential for homeostasis. It consists of two glands with separate ...

Three-dimensional Organotypic Cultures of Vestibular and Auditory Sensory Organs

Dreidimensionale organotypischen Kulturen der vestibulären und akustische Sinnesorgane

The sensory organs of the inner ear are challenging to study in mammals due to their inaccessibility to experimental manipulation and optical observation. ...

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures

Effiziente Generation der Bauchspeicheldrüse/Zwölffingerdarm Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Bauchspeicheldrüsen-Vorfahren aus hPSCs in Haftung Kulturen

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived pancreatic cells are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine and a platform to study human ...

Single-cell Transcriptomic Analyses of Mouse Pancreatic Endocrine Cells

Einzellige Transkriptomischen Analysen der Maus endokrinen Zellen der Bauchspeicheldrüse

Pancreatic endocrine cells, which are clustered in islets, regulate blood glucose stability and energy metabolism. The distinct cell types in islets, ...