Name: a proteoliposome-based efflux assay to determine single-molecule properties of cl- channels and transporters
Uploaded: 2015-04-20T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay to Determine Single-molecule Properties of Cl- Channels and Transporters at JoVE.com

This work was supported by NIH grant GM085232 and an Irma T. Hirschl/ Monique Weill-Caulier Scholar Award (to A.A.).

1. Lipid Preparazione <ol><li> Aliquota lipidi quantità desiderata in un tubo di vetro trasparente. Vedi. coli estratto lipidico polare, ma la maggior parte delle composizioni lipidiche possono essere usati. Se i lipidi sono in forma di polvere, risospendere in cloroformio ad una concentrazione di 20 mg / ml. Asciugare i lipidi a RT in N 2 gas fino a quando tutto il solvente è evaporato. </li><li> Risospendere i lipidi in pentano e asciugare nuovamente un flusso costante di gas N 2 per...

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Abbiamo descritto un protocollo dettagliato per misurare Cl - il trasporto mediato da canali anione selettivo purificati o trasportatori ricostituiti in liposomi. L&#39;esempio è stato utilizzato il procariote H + / Cl - Scambiatore CLC-EC1. Tuttavia, il metodo può essere facilmente adattato per studiare canali gated da ligandi 12,13,15, 11,12 tensione, o sportive diversa selettività anionico 15,16 sostituendo l&#39;Ag: Elettrodo AgCl con uno adatto ione in esame...

Negli ultimi due decenni la capacità di iperespressione e purificare proteine ​​di trasporto di membrana è drammaticamente aumentato: i canali ionici, trasportatori primari e secondari sono ormai di routine purificati da sistemi di espressione eterologhi e fonti naturali. Nuovi approcci per monitorare l&#39;espressione, di migliorare e facilitare l&#39;estrazione e migliorare la stabilità di queste proteine ​​sono in continua evoluzione 1-5. Queste innovazioni tecnologiche sono state fondamentali per innescare l&#39;esplosione di livello atomico informazioni sulla struttura delle proteine ​​di membrana che, a sua volta, migliorato la nostra comprensione delle basi strutturali della loro funzione. Al contrario, la nostra capacità di sondare le proprietà funzionali delle proteine ​​purificate non aumenta alla stessa velocità, in modo che in alcuni casi alta risoluzione informazione strutturale è accompagnato da dati qualitativi funzionali, limitando così la possibilità di verificare quantitativamente predizioni basati sulla struttura. Quindi, la SVILUPPOt di saggi funzionali quantitativi e generalizzabili è un passo fondamentale verso la delucidazione delle basi meccanicistiche della funzione delle proteine ​​di membrana. Qui si descrive un saggio di efflusso che può essere usato per determinare quantitativamente importanti proprietà funzionali purificati e ricostituiti Cl - canali e trasportatori. I principi alla base del dosaggio può essere generalizzati ad una varietà di sistemi di trasporto, nonché proteine ​​non-ionici trasporto. I liposomi vengono ricostituiti con purificati Cl - canale / trasportatori in presenza di un grande Cl - gradiente (Figura 1A, B). Cl - efflusso viene avviata mediante l&#39;aggiunta di uno ionoforo per consentire flusso contro-ione, nel nostro caso il K + ionoforo valinomicina, che shunt la tensione stabilita dal Cl - gradiente e impostare il potenziale di membrana iniziale al potenziale di equilibrio di K + 6,7. Senza tegli ionoforo significative netto Cl - verifica efflusso, in quanto è impedita dalla generazione di un potenziale transmembrana. I dati sono quantitativamente descritto da due parametri misurabili (Figura 1C): τ la costante di tempo di Cl - efflusso, e f 0, la frazione di liposomi contenenti una proteina attiva. Da τ e f 0 unitario Cl - velocità di trasporto, la frazione di proteine ​​attive e la massa molecolare del complesso attivo possono essere derivate 8. La tecnica è illustrata qui utilizzando proteoliposomi ricostituiti con CLC-EC1, un ben caratterizzato CLC-type H + / Cl - scambiatore di struttura e funzione nota. Questo saggio è facilmente generalizzabile a canali o trasportatori con selettività ionica differente o la cui attività dipende dalla presenza di tensione e / o leganti. Inoltre, questo test può essere utilizzato per determinare se piccole molecole influenzano direttamente la proteina ricostituito,per quantificare gli effetti di questi composti e come composizione membrana o reagenti ipolipemizzanti influiscono sulla funzione dei canali ricostituiti e trasportatori.

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Name of Reagent/ Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Comments/Description</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Liposomicator, Avanti Polar Lipids Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">&#160;Avanti Polar Lipids Inc.</td>
			<td>610200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">IEC Centra CL2 Benchtop</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Orion Research Model 701A Digital pH-mV meter</td>
			<td style="width:337px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>These can be found on Ebay.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#160;Non-functional pH probe</td>
			<td style="width:337px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Any pH meter probe with silver wires will work. The glass/plastic coating needs to be removed and the wires cleaned.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#160; DI-710 Data Logger</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">DATAQ instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">WinDAQ acquisition software</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">DATAQ instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Pierce Disposable Plastic Columns, Gravity-flow, 2ml</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">Pierce (Thermo Scientific)</td>
			<td>29922</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">KIMAX Culture Tubes, Disposable, Borosilicate Glass</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">Kimble Chase</td>
			<td>73500-13100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Extruder Set With Holder/Heating Block</td>
			<td style="width:337px;">Avanti Polar Lipids Inc.</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">610000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Computer</td>
			<td style="width:337px;"></td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a proteoliposome-based efflux assay to determine single-molecule properties of cl- channels and transporters

The last 15 years have been characterized by an explosion in the ability to overexpress and purify membrane proteins from prokaryotic organisms as well as from eukaryotes. This increase has been largely driven by the successful push to obtain structural information on membrane proteins. However, the ability to functionally interrogate these proteins has not advanced at the same rate and is often limited to qualitative assays of limited quantitative value, thereby limiting the mechanistic insights that they can provide. An assay to quantitatively investigate the transport activity of reconstituted Cl- channels or transporters is described. The assay is based on the measure of the efflux rate of Cl- from proteoliposomes following the addition of the K+ ionophore valinomycin to shunt the membrane potential. An ion sensitive electrode is used to follow the time-course of ion efflux from proteoliposomes reconstituted with the desired protein. The method is highly suited for mechanistic studies, as it allows for the quantitative determination of key properties of the reconstituted protein, such as its unitary transport rate, the fraction of active protein and the molecular mass of the functional unit. The assay can also be utilized to determine the effect of small molecule compounds that directly inhibit/activate the reconstituted protein, as well as to test the modulatory effects of the membrane composition or lipid-modifying reagents. Where possible, direct comparison between results obtained using this method were found to be in good agreement with those obtained using electrophysiological approaches. The technique is illustrated using CLC-ec1, a CLC-type H+/Cl- exchanger, as a model system. The efflux assay can be utilized to study any Cl- conducting channel/transporter and, with minimal changes, can be adapted to study any ion-transporting protein.

Descriviamo un protocollo dettagliato e robusto per misurare Cl - il trasporto mediato da purificato CLC-EC1, un procariotico CLC-tipo H + / Cl - scambiatore, ricostituito in liposomi. Una rappresentazione schematica dell&#39;esperimento è mostrato in Figura 3 proteoliposomi ricostituiti con purificato CLC-CE1 e con alta Cl interna -. Sono immersi in una soluzione bagno contenente bassa Cl -. In queste condizioni net Cl - efflusso è imp...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay to Determine Single-molecule Properties of Cl- Channels and Transporters at JoVE.com

A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay to Determine Single-molecule Properties of Cl- Channels and Transporters

A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay per determinare le proprietà singola molecola di Cl<sup&gt; -</sup&gt; Canali e trasportatori

Proteoliposomes are used to study purified channels and transporters reconstituted in a well-defined biochemical environment. An experimental procedure to measure efflux mediated by these proteins is illustrated. The steps to prepare proteoliposomes, perform the recordings, and analyze data to quantitatively determine the functional properties of the reconstituted protein are described.

The last 15 years have been characterized by an explosion in the ability to overexpress and purify membrane proteins from prokaryotic organisms as well as ...

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A Proteoliposome-Based Efflux Assay to Determine Single-molecule Properties of Cl- Channels and Transporters

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