Name: analyzing the effects of stromal cells on the recruitment of leukocytes from flow
Uploaded: 2015-01-07T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow at JoVE.com

Umbilical cords were collected with the assistance of the Birmingham Women's Health Care NHS Trust. HMM was supported by an Arthritis Research UK Career Development Fellowship (19899) and Systems Science for Health, University of Birmingham (5212).

初代ヒト内皮細胞と間葉系幹細胞の単離および培養<ol><li>ヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞（HUVEC）の単離および培養： <ol><li>ペーパータオルでトレイにへその緒を入れて、70％エタノールでスプレー。組織培養フードに置きます。両端の静脈とカニューレを挿入を識別します。それを確保するためにカニューレを挿入端部の周りにケーブルタイを配置します。 </li><li> PBSを注射器を使用して静脈血を洗...

<ol>
	<li>Springer, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Traffic+signals+on+endothelium+for+lymphocyte+recirculation+and+leukocyte+emigration.">Traffic signals on endothelium for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration.</a> Ann. Rev. Physiol. 57, 827-872 (1995).</li><li>Ley, K., Laudanna, C., Cybulsky, M. I., Nourshargh, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Getting+to+the+site+of+inflammation:+the+leukocyte+adhesion+cascade+updated.">Getting to the site of inflammation: the leukocyte adhesion cascade updated.</a> Nature reviews. Immunology. 7 (9), 678-689 (2007).</li><li>McGettrick, H. M., Butler, L. M., Buckley, C. D., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. 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N., Savill, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resolution+of+inflammation:+the+beginning+programs+the+end.">Resolution of inflammation: the beginning programs the end.</a> Nature immunology. 6 (12), 1191-1197 (2005).</li><li>Schmidt, S., Moser, M., Sperandio, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+molecular+basis+of+leukocyte+recruitment+and+its+deficiencies.">The molecular basis of leukocyte recruitment and its deficiencies.</a> Molecular immunology. 55, 49-58 (2013).</li><li>Luu, N. T., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+Ability+of+Exogenous+Chemotactic+Agents+to+Disrupt+Transendothelial+Migration+of+Flowing+Neutrophils.">Differential Ability of Exogenous Chemotactic Agents to Disrupt Transendothelial Migration of Flowing Neutrophils.</a> The Journal of Immunology. 164 (11), 5961-5969 (2000).</li><li>Smith, C. W., Rothlein, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recognition+of+an+endothelial+determinant+for+CD+18-dependent+human+neutrophil+adherence+and+transendothelial+migration.">Recognition of an endothelial determinant for CD 18-dependent human neutrophil adherence and transendothelial migration.</a> The Journal of clinical investigation. 82 (5), 1745-1756 (1988).</li><li>Luscinskas, F. W., Brock, A. F., Arnaout, M. A., Gimbrone, M. 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B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Each+step+during+transendothelial+migration+of+flowing+neutrophils+is+regulated+by+the+stimulatory+concentration+of+tumour+necrosis+factor-alpha.">Each step during transendothelial migration of flowing neutrophils is regulated by the stimulatory concentration of tumour necrosis factor-alpha.</a> Cell adhesion and communication. 6 (6), 491-501 (1998).</li><li>Piali, L., Weber, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+chemokine+receptor+CXCR3+mediates+rapid+and+shear-resistant+adhesion-induction+of+effector+T+lymphocytes+by+the+chemokines+IP10+and+Mig.">The chemokine receptor CXCR3 mediates rapid and shear-resistant adhesion-induction of effector T lymphocytes by the chemokines IP10 and Mig.</a> European journal of immunology. 28 (3), 961-972 (1998).</li><li>McGettrick, H. M., Smith, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fibroblasts+from+different+sites+may+promote+or+inhibit+recruitment+of+flowing+lymphocytes+by+endothelial+cells.">Fibroblasts from different sites may promote or inhibit recruitment of flowing lymphocytes by endothelial cells.</a> European journal of immunology. 39 (1), 113-125 (2009).</li><li>McGettrick, H. M., Hunter, K., Moss, P. a., Buckley, C. D., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+observations+of+the+kinetics+of+migrating+T+cells+suggest+active+retention+by+endothelial+cells+with+continual+bidirectional+migration.">Direct observations of the kinetics of migrating T cells suggest active retention by endothelial cells with continual bidirectional migration.</a> Journal of leukocyte biology. 85 (1), 98-107 (2009).</li><li>McGettrick, H. M., Buckley, C. D., Filer, A., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stromal+cells+differentially+regulate+neutrophil+and+lymphocyte+recruitment+through+the+endothelium.">Stromal cells differentially regulate neutrophil and lymphocyte recruitment through the endothelium.</a> Immunology. 131 (3), 357-370 (2010).</li><li>Tull, S. P., Yates, C. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Omega-3+Fatty+acids+and+inflammation:+novel+interactions+reveal+a+new+step+in+neutrophil+recruitment.">Omega-3 Fatty acids and inflammation: novel interactions reveal a new step in neutrophil recruitment.</a> PLoS biology. 7 (8), e1000177 (2009).</li><li>Ahmed, S. R., McGettrick, H. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prostaglandin+D2+regulates+CD4++memory+T+cell+trafficking+across+blood+vascular+endothelium+and+primes+these+cells+for+clearance+across+lymphatic+endothelium.">Prostaglandin D2 regulates CD4+ memory T cell trafficking across blood vascular endothelium and primes these cells for clearance across lymphatic endothelium.</a> Journal of immunology. 187 (3), 1432-1439 (2011).</li><li>Bradfield, P. F., Amft, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rheumatoid+fibroblast-like+synoviocytes+overexpress+the+chemokine+stromal+cell-derived+factor+1+(CXCL12),+which+supports+distinct+patterns+and+rates+of+CD4++and+CD8++T+cell+migration+within+synovial+tissue.">Rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes overexpress the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCL12), which supports distinct patterns and rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell migration within synovial tissue.</a> Arthritis and rheumatism. 48 (9), 2472-2482 (2003).</li><li>Filer, A., Parsonage, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+survival+of+leukocyte+subsets+mediated+by+synovial,+bone+marrow,+and+skin+fibroblasts:+site-specific+versus+activation-dependent+survival+of+T+cells+and+neutrophils.">Differential survival of leukocyte subsets mediated by synovial, bone marrow, and skin fibroblasts: site-specific versus activation-dependent survival of T cells and neutrophils.</a> Arthritis and rheumatism. 54 (7), 2096-2108 (2006).</li><li>Lally, F., Smith, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+mechanism+of+neutrophil+recruitment+in+a+coculture+model+of+the+rheumatoid+synovium.">A novel mechanism of neutrophil recruitment in a coculture model of the rheumatoid synovium.</a> Arthritis and rheumatism. 52 (11), 3460-3490 (2005).</li><li>Chakravorty, S. J., McGettrick, H. M., Butler, L. M., Buckley, C. D., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+in+vitro.+model+for+analysing+neutrophil+migration+into+and+away+from+the+sub-endothelial+space:+Roles+of+flow+and+CD31.">An in vitro. model for analysing neutrophil migration into and away from the sub-endothelial space: Roles of flow and CD31.</a> Biorheology. 43 (1), 71-82 (2006).</li><li>Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+Pathology+of+Atherosclerosis+Smooth+Muscle+Cells+Prime+Cocultured+Endothelial+Cells+for+Enhanced+Leukocyte+Adhesion.">Cellular Pathology of Atherosclerosis Smooth Muscle Cells Prime Cocultured Endothelial Cells for Enhanced Leukocyte Adhesion.</a> Circulation Research. 88 (6), 615-622 (2001).</li><li>Kuravi, S. J., McGettrick, H. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Podocytes+regulate+neutrophil+recruitment+by+glomerular+endothelial+cells+via+IL-6-mediated+crosstalk.">Podocytes regulate neutrophil recruitment by glomerular endothelial cells via IL-6-mediated crosstalk.</a> Journal of immunology. 193 (1), 234-243 (2004).</li><li>Parsonage, G., Filer, A. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+stromal+address+code+defined+by+fibroblasts.">A stromal address code defined by fibroblasts.</a> Trends in immunology. 26 (3), 150-156 (2005).</li><li>Luu, N. T., McGettrick, H. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Crosstalk+between+mesenchymal+stem+cells+and+endothelial+cells+leads+to+downregulation+of+cytokine-induced+leukocyte+recruitment.">Crosstalk between mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cells leads to downregulation of cytokine-induced leukocyte recruitment.</a> Stem cells. 31 (12), 2690-2702 (2013).</li><li>Bevilacqua, M. P., Nelson, R. M., Mannori, G., Cecconi, O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endothelial-leukocyte+adhesion+molecules+in+human+disease.">Endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecules in human disease.</a> Annual review of medicine. 45, 361-378 (1994).</li><li>Stanness, K. A., Beatty, P. G., Ochs, H. D., Harlan, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+endothelial+cell+surface+factor(s)+induced+in+vitro.">An endothelial cell surface factor(s) induced in vitro.</a> 136 (12), 4548-4553 (1986).</li><li>Burton, V. J., Butler, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delay+of+migrating+leukocytes+by+the+basement+membrane+deposited+by+endothelial+cells+in+long-term+culture.">Delay of migrating leukocytes by the basement membrane deposited by endothelial cells in long-term culture.</a> Experimental cell research. 317 (3), 276-292 (2011).</li><li>Luu, N. T., Rainger, G. E., Buckley, C. D., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CD31+Regulates+Direction+and+Rate+of+Neutrophil+Migration+over+and+under+Endothelial+Cells.">CD31 Regulates Direction and Rate of Neutrophil Migration over and under Endothelial Cells.</a> Journal of Vascular Research. 40 (5), 467-479 (2003).</li><li>McGettrick, H. M., Buckley, C. D., Ed Rainger, G., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+stromal+cells+on+lymphocyte+adhesion+and+migration+on+endothelial+cells.">Influence of stromal cells on lymphocyte adhesion and migration on endothelial cells.</a> Methods in molecular biology. 616, 49-68 (2010).</li><li>Butler, L. M., McGettrick, H. M., Nash, G. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Static+and+dynamic+assays+of+cell+adhesion+relevant+to+the+vasculature.">Static and dynamic assays of cell adhesion relevant to the vasculature.</a> Methods in molecular biology. 467, 211-228 (2009).</li><li>Jeffery, H. C., Buckley, C. D., Moss, P., Rainger, G. E., Nash, G. B., McGettrick, H. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+the+effects+of+stromal+cells+on+the+migration+of+lymphocytes+into+and+through+inflamed+tissue+using+3-D+culture+models.">Analysis of the effects of stromal cells on the migration of lymphocytes into and through inflamed tissue using 3-D culture models.</a> Journal of immunological methods. 400-401, 45-57 (2013).</li></ol>

ここでは、炎症を起こした内皮によって循環好中球の動員を研究するための2 のin vitro「血管」のモデルについて説明します。これらのモデルの主な利点は、 生体内で起こるように、順番に白血球接着カスケードの各ステップを分析する能力である。我々は以前、TNFαで刺激されたEC 9,29を通じて用量依存的に好中球の接着の増加と転生を観察している。また、両モデルは...

炎症は、微生物感染または白血球に入ると解像度1,2を可能にするために炎症を起こした組織からの出口の厳しい規制を必要とする組織損傷に対する防御応答である。内皮細胞（EC）、その行血管、循環白血球および組織常駐間質細胞の間のクロストークは、このプロセス3を調整するために不可欠である。しかし、白血球およびそれらの無効なクリアランスの制御されない動員は、慢性炎症性疾患4の発展を支える。健康および疾患における白血球動員の我々の現在の理解は不完全であり、より堅牢なモデルは、このプロセスを分析するために必要とされる。 後毛細血管細静脈の血管ECを通して血液から白血球の動員を支援するメカニズムはよく1,2,5に記載されている。循環白血球は、特殊な受容体（ 例えば、VCAM-1、E-セレクチン、P-セレクチン）によって捕捉される炎症性内皮上にアップレギュレートされている。これらの一時的な相互作用は、白血球が表面に結合したケモカインおよび白血球、6- 11で表さインテグリンを活性化する脂質由来メディエーター（起源の内皮または間質のいずれか）と対話することを可能にする。これは、次に接着性を安定化し、内皮を横断し、組織12〜15への移行を駆動する。組織内では、白血球がそれらの運動性、機能および生存16,17に影響を与える間質由来物質にさらされている募集。成長している証拠は、信号は、次のために募集プロセス条件白血球の各段階で受信したことを示唆している。しかし、白血球動員の我々の理解は不完全のままと非常に少ないが、組織内のコンポーネント整形白血球の動きについて知られている。 バーミンガムでは、からの白血球の動員を研究するためのin vitroでのいくつかの「血管」モデルを開発してきました流れ9,18,19。私たちは現在、白血球動員の血管のEC行為として即時の規制当局は、地元の微小環境の変化に対応していることを理解しています。具体的には、組織常駐間質細胞が活発に動員3におけるそれらの役割に影響を与えるために、隣接する血管ECと会話によって部分的に、炎症反応を調節することができる。我々は以前、様々な間質細胞は、組織特異的に接着および白血球の移動をサポートするECの能力を調節することが示されており、これらの効果は、慢性疾患13,16,20,21における変化したことになる。このように、間質細胞を各炎症反応22のコンテキストを定義する組織「アドレスコード」を確立する。より最近では、我々は、骨髄由来MSC（BMMSC）は強力両方の好中球の動員の低下につながる、サイトカインに対するECの応答をダウンレギュレートし、23リンパ球ことを実証した。 メカニズムGOVerning募集が明らかにin vitroでは、主に分離して単一の細胞型（ 例えば、EC）またはタンパク質を組み込んだアッセイを使用している。しかし、これらの研究を考慮に入れていない局所組織環境の影響（ すなわち、間質細胞の存在）の白血球の動員に関する組織へのそれらのその後の移行。ここでは、間質細胞は、特に間葉幹細胞た二フローベースの方法（MSC）を表すEC 23と共培養する。このようなモデルは、流れから白血球動員をサポートするために、特に能力、我々は、内皮応答に対する間質細胞の効果を調べることを可能にする。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" >
	<tbody>
		<tr >
			<td >Collagenase Type Ia</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td>C2674</td>
			<td>Dilute in 10ml PBS to get a final concentration of 10mg/ml. Store at -20&#176;C in 1ml aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Dulbecco&#39;s PBS</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >D8662</td>
			<td>With calcium and magnesium chloride. Keep sterile and store at room temperature.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >1X Medium M199</td>
			<td >Gibco</td>
			<td >31150-022</td>
			<td>Warm in 37 &#176;C water bath before use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Gentamicin sulphate</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >G1397</td>
			<td>Store at 4&#176;C. Add to M199 500ml bottle.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Human epidermal growth factor</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >E9644</td>
			<td>Store at -20&#176;C in 10&#181;l aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Fetal calf serum (FCS)</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >F9665</td>
			<td >FCS must be batch tested to ensure the growth and viability of isolated EC. Heat inactivate at 56&#176;C. Store in 10ml aliquots at -20&#176;C.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Amphotericin B</td>
			<td >Gibco</td>
			<td >15290-026</td>
			<td >Potent and becomes toxic within a week so fresh complete HUVEC medium must be made up every week. Store at -20&#176;C in 1ml aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >H0135</td>
			<td>Stock is in ethanol. Store at -20&#176;C in 10&#181;l aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Collagenase Type II</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >C6885</td>
			<td>Dilute stock in PBS to a final concentration of 100mg/ml. Store at -20&#176;C in 100&#181;l aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Hyaluronidase</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >H3631</td>
			<td>Dilute stock in PBS to a final concentration of 20,000U/ml. Store at -20&#176;C in 100&#181;l aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >100&#181;m cell strainer for 50ml centifuge tube</td>
			<td >Scientific Lab Supplies (SLS)</td>
			<td >352360</td>
			<td >Other commercially available cell strainers (e.g. Greiner bio-one) can also be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >DMEM low glucose</td>
			<td >Biosera</td>
			<td >LM-D1102/500</td>
			<td>Warm in 37 &#176;C water bath before use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Penicillin/Streptomycin mix</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >P4333</td>
			<td>Store at -20&#176;C in 1ml aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >25cm2 tissue culture flask</td>
			<td >SLS</td>
			<td >353109</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >75cm2 tissue culture flask</td>
			<td >SLS</td>
			<td >353136</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells vial</td>
			<td >Lonza</td>
			<td >PT-2501</td>
			<td >Store in liquid nitrogen upon arrival. Cells are at passage 2 upon arrival but are designated passage 0. Exapand to passage 3 and store in liquid nitrogen for later use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Mesenchymal stem cell growth medium (MSCGM)</td>
			<td >Lonza</td>
			<td >PT-3001</td>
			<td>Warm in 37 &#176;C water bath before use. For Cell Tracker Green staining use medium without FCS.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >EDTA (0.02%) solution</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >E8008</td>
			<td>Store at 4&#176;C. Warm in 37&#176;C water bath before use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Trypsin solution</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >T4424</td>
			<td>Store at -20&#176;C in 2ml aliquots. Thaw at room temperature and use immediately.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Cryovials</td>
			<td >Greiner bio-one</td>
			<td>2019-02</td>
			<td>Keep on ice before adding before adding cell suspension.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Mr. Frosty Freezing Container</td>
			<td >Nalgene</td>
			<td >5100-0001</td>
			<td >Store at room temperature. When adding cryovials with cells store at -80&#176;C for 24h before transfrring cells to liquid nitrogen.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Ibidi u-Slide VI (0.4), T/C treated, sterile</td>
			<td >Ibidi</td>
			<td >IB-80606</td>
			<td >Alternative models include glass capillaries, Cellix Biochips (www.cellixltd.com), BioFlux Plates (www.fluxionbio.com/bioflux/) and GlycoTech parallel plate flow chambers (http://www.glycotech.com/apparatus/parallel.html).</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Cell tracker green dye</td>
			<td >Life technologies</td>
			<td >C2925</td>
			<td>Store in 5&#181;l aliquots at -20&#176;C. Dilute in 5ml prewarmed (at 37&#176;C) MSCGM.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Cell counting chambers</td>
			<td >Nexcelom</td>
			<td >SD-100</td>
			<td>Alternatively a haemocytometer can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Cellometer auto T4 cell counter</td>
			<td >Nexcelom</td>
			<td >Auto T4-203-0238</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Tumor necrosis factor &#945; (TNF&#945;)</td>
			<td >R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td >210-TA-100</td>
			<td>Dilute stock in PBS to a final concentration of 100,000U/ml. Store at -80&#176;C in 10&#181;l aliquots.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >6-well, 0.4&#181;m PET Transwell filters</td>
			<td >SLS</td>
			<td >353090</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >K2-EDTA in 10ml tubes</td>
			<td >Sarstedt</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td>Store at room temperature.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Histopaque 1119</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >11191</td>
			<td>Store at 4&#176;C. Warm to room temperature before use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Histopaque 1077</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >10771</td>
			<td>Store at 4&#176;C. Warm to room temperature before use.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >10ml round bottomed tube</td>
			<td >Appleton Woods</td>
			<td >SC211 142 AS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >7.5% BSA Fraction V solution</td>
			<td >Life technologies</td>
			<td >15260-037</td>
			<td>Store at 4&#176;C.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >20ml Plastipak syringes</td>
			<td >BD falcon</td>
			<td >300613</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >5ml Plastipak syringes</td>
			<td >BD falcon</td>
			<td >302187</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >2ml Plastipak syringes</td>
			<td >BD falcon</td>
			<td >300185</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >3M hypo-allergenic surgical tape 9m x 2.5cm</td>
			<td >Micropore</td>
			<td >1530-1</td>
			<td>Use to secure the syringe tap onto the wall of the perspex chamber.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Silicon rubber tubing, internal diameter/external diameter (ID/OD) of 1/3mm (thin tubing)</td>
			<td >Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td >FB68854</td>
			<td >Cut silicon tubing to the appropriate size. All tubing leading directly to the electronic microvalve must be thin.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Silicon rubber tubing ID/OD of 2/4mm (thick tubing)</td>
			<td >Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td >FB68855</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Portex Blue Line Manometer tubing</td>
			<td>Smiths</td>
			<td >200/495/200</td>
			<td>Tubing leading to the syringe pump.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >3-way stopcock</td>
			<td >BOC Ohmeda AB</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Glass 50ml syringe for pump</td>
			<td >Popper Micromate</td>
			<td >550962</td>
			<td>Must be primed prior to use by removing any air bubbles.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Glass coverslip</td>
			<td >Raymond A Lamb</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td>26x76mm coverslips made to order. Lot number 2440980.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Parafilm gasket</td>
			<td >American National Can Company</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td >Cut a 26x76mm piece of parafilm using an aluminium template and cut a 20x4mm slot into it using a scalpel 10a. Gasket thickness is approximately 133&#181;m.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Two perspex parallel plates</td>
			<td >Wolfson Applied Technology Laboratory</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td >Specially designed chamber consisting of parallel plates held together by 8 screws. The lower plate has a viewing slot cut out in the middle and a shallow recess milled to allow space for the coverslip, filter and gasket. The upper perspex plate has an inlet and outlet hole positioned over the flow channel.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Electronic 3-way microvalve with min. dead space</td>
			<td >Lee Products Ltd.</td>
			<td >LFYA1226032H</td>
			<td>Electronically connected to a 12 volt DC power supply.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Syringe pump for infusion/withdrawal (PHD2000)</td>
			<td >Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td >70-2001</td>
			<td>Set the diameter to 29mm and refill (flow) rate.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >L-shaped connector</td>
			<td >Labhut</td>
			<td >LE876</td>
			<td>To attach to the inlet and outlet ports onto the Ibidi microslide channel.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Video camera</td>
			<td >Qimaging</td>
			<td >01-QIC-F-M-12-C</td>
			<td>Connected to a computer which enables digitall videos to be recorded.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Image-Pro Plus 7.0</td>
			<td >Media Cybernetics</td>
			<td >41N70000-61592</td>
			<td >For data analysis. Manually tag cells displaying the different behaviors. Track cells for analysis of rolling and migration velocities.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td ></td>
			<td ></td>
			<td ></td>
			<td>Refer to product datasheets for details on hazards of using the reagents described here.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

analyzing the effects of stromal cells on the recruitment of leukocytes from flow

間質細胞は、隣接する内皮細胞とのクロストークを通じて炎症の間に循環白血球の動員を調節する。ここでは、炎症を起こした内皮細胞によって流れから循環好中球の動員を研究するための2 のin vitro「血管」のモデルについて説明します。これらのモデルの主な利点は、 生体内で起こるように、順番に白血球接着カスケードの各ステップを分析する能力である。また、両方のモデルは、白血球動員を調節する際に、この場合、間葉系幹細胞（MSC）は、間質細胞の役割を研究するために適合させることができる方法を記載している。 初代内皮細胞は、Ibidiマイクロスライド上または24時間トランスウェルフィルターの両側に直接接触したヒトMSCを単独で、または一緒に培養した。培養物を、4時間、腫瘍壊死因子α（TNFα）で刺激し、フローベースの接着アッセイに組み入れた。好中球のボーラスを灌流した4分間の内皮上。好中球と内皮との相互作用を流れるの捕獲は位相差顕微鏡により可視化した。 両方のモデルでは、サイトカイン刺激は、用量依存的に流れる好中球の内皮細胞の動員を増加させた。動員された好中球の挙動の分析は、ローリングの用量依存的減少および内皮を通じて遊走の用量依存的増加を示した。共培養では、MSCは、TNFαで刺激された内皮への好中球の接着を抑制した。 当社のフローベースの接着モデルが循環から白血球動員の初期段階を模倣する。白血球に加えて、彼らはそのような治療的に投与MSCまたは循環腫瘍細胞のような他の細胞型の動員を調べるために使用することができる。我々の多層共培養モデルは、MSCが炎症性サイトカインに対する応答を変更するために内皮と通信することが示されている、alteri好中球の動員をngの。このようなモデルを用いてさらに研究が完全に炎症中の白血球の動員をどのように影響するか、間質の異なる組織や条件から細胞（炎症性疾患または癌）を理解するために必要とされている。

当初、我々はIbidiのマイクロスライドモデル（ - 9第7節 ） を使用して、フローからの好中球の募集にTNFαでECを刺激する効果を分析した。 TNFα、任意の好中球は、内皮単層に付着した小さな場合（ 図2A）の非存在下で。これは、25,26を結合サポートするために必要な接着分子（セレクチン）またはケモカインを発現しないEC休止/未処理として、期?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow at JoVE.com

Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow

流れから白血球を募集する炎症を起こした内皮の能力は、間葉系間質細胞によって調節されている。我々は、フローからの好中球動員を評価し、間葉系間質細胞は、このプロセスの調節に果たす役割を調べるために使用することができる一次ヒト細胞を組み込んだ2 のインビトロモデルを記述する。

フローから白血球の補充に間質細胞の影響を分析する

Stromal cells regulate the recruitment of circulating leukocytes during inflammation through cross-talk with neighboring endothelial cells. Here we ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Isolation and Analysis of Brain-sequestered Leukocytes from Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected Mice

Isolation and Analysis of Brain-sequestered Leukocytes from Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected Mice

脳から隔離された白血球の単離と解析<em&gt;マラリアベルゲイ</em&gt; ANKA感染マウス

We describe a method for isolation and  characterization of adherent inflammatory cells from brain blood vessels of P. berghei ANKA-infected mice. ...

Investigating the Effects of Probiotics on Pneumococcal Colonization Using an In Vitro Adherence Assay

Investigating the Effects of Probiotics on Pneumococcal Colonization Using an In Vitro Adherence Assay

使用肺炎球菌植民に対するプロバイオティクスの影響を調査<em&gt;体外</em&gt;接着アッセイ

Adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) to the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx can result in colonization and is considered a ...

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface

ヒト母体·胎児のインターフェイスから白血球の単離

Pregnancy is characterized by the infiltration of leukocytes in the reproductive tissues and at the maternal-fetal interface (decidua basalis and decidua ...

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

母体·胎児界面におけるマウス組織からの白血球の分離

Immune tolerance in pregnancy requires that the immune system of the mother undergoes distinctive changes in order to accept and nurture the developing ...

The Use of Flow Cytometry to Assess the State of Chromatin in T Cells

T細胞におけるクロマチンの状態を評価するためにフローサイトメトリーの使用

During a proper immune response, quiescent T cells become activated upon antigen presentation to their antigen-specific T cell receptor. This leads to ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

虚血性マウス脳からの免疫細胞の単離およびフローサイトメトリー分析

Ischemic stroke initiates a robust inflammatory response that starts in the intravascular compartment and involves rapid activation of brain resident ...

Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Purification of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells from the Mouse Bone Marrow

マウスの骨髄から形質細胞様樹状細胞の精製のために、蛍光活性化細胞選別

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a technique to purify specific cell populations based on phenotypes detected by flow cytometry. This method ...

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

PM10における粒子結合のBet V 1アレルゲンのフローサイトメトリー分析

Flow cytometry is a method widely used to quantify suspended solids such as cells or bacteria in a size range from 0.5 to several tens of micrometers in ...

Visualizing the Effects of Sputum on Biofilm Development Using a Chambered Coverglass Model

チェンカバーガラスモデルを用いたバイオフィルム開発に関する痰の効果を可視化

Biofilms consist of groups of bacteria encased in a self-secreted matrix. They play an important role in industrial contamination as well as in the ...

Laminar Flow-based Assays to Investigate Leukocyte Recruitment on Cultured Vascular Cells and Adherent Platelets

培養血管細胞と付着性血小板白血球動員を調査する層流に基づく試金

The recruitment of leukocytes upon injury or inflammation to sites of injury or tissue damage has been investigated during recent decades and has resulted ...