Name: generation and grafting of tissue-engineered vessels in a mouse model
Uploaded: 2015-03-18T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model at JoVE.com

This work was supported by The British Heart Foundation and The Oak Foundation.

Udfør alle dyreforsøg i henhold til protokoller godkendt af Institutional udvalg for brug og pleje af forsøgsdyr. 1. Fremstilling af Kultur Medier <ol><li> Gør kulturmedier til human fibroblast cellelinie CCL-153: F-12K medium, 10% føtalt bovint serum (FBS) og 100 U / ml penicillin og streptomycin. </li><li> Gør Reprogramming Media for PiPSC generation: Knockout Dulbeccos modificerede Eagles medium (DMEM) indeholdende 20% Knockout Serum erstatning, 0,1 mM β-mercaptoethanol, 0,1 mM Minimum Essential Medi...

<ol>
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Den nuværende protokol viser en lyd, hurtig, enkel, effektiv og reproducerbar strategi, hvor funktionelle manipuleret væv fartøjer kan genereres ved hjælp PiPSC fra humane fibroblaster. Denne teknik er et værdifuldt redskab til regenerativ medicin, tissue engineering og potentielt patient-specifikke celleterapi i den nærmeste fremtid. Kritiske skridt til at sikre effektiviteten af ​​den protokol omfatter forberedelse af PiPSC, fremstilling af sterile og fuldt decellulariserede aorta transplantater, vellykket p...

Opførelsen af ​​vaskulære ledninger er en grundlæggende strategi for kirurgisk reparation af beskadigede og sårede fartøjer som følge af hjerte-kar-sygdomme. Til dato, graft materialer i kirurgi omfatter biokompatible syntetiske polymerer (polytetrafluorethylen [Teflon], ekspanderet polytetrafluorethylen [ePTFE, Gore-Tex] eller polyethylenterephthalat [Dacron]), allografter, autolog væv (hjertesækken eller saphenavene) og xenotransplantater 1. Mens kunstige transplantater (f.eks Gore-Tex og Dacron) er mest almindeligt anvendte, disse materialer sandsynligvis forårsage mange kort- og langsigtede komplikationer, der omfatter stenose, calcium deposition, thrombo-embolisering og infektioner. Selv patienter med biologiske transplantater stede med nedsat tromboemboliske hændelser, de stadig støder på begrænsninger, såsom sekundær graft svigt og forkortet holdbarhed på grund af forkalkning nedbrydning 2. På trods væsentlige forbedringer i kirurgisk techniques årenes løb, forskere og klinikere er stadig tynget af behovet for at identificere den ideelle kanal for vaskulære sygdomme. For nylig er området for vaskulære tissue engineering forskning frembragt et koncept, hvor cellerne er indarbejdet i bionedbrydelige stilladser, med det formål at skabe en biomimetisk miljø, der er indbegrebet af en funktionel fartøj for vellykket podning 1. Grundlæggende succes de vaskulære konstruktioner afhænger af tre væsentlige komponenter; celler, der omfatter stilladset, dvs. en endotelcelle indre lag og en glat muskelcelle lag, et stillads, der indeholder den passende ekstracellulære matrix for at tilvejebringe mekaniske egenskaber kan sammenlignes med det native vaskulatur, og den molekylære / cellulære signalering, der kræves til initiering / regulering reparation. Langsigtet graft åbenhed og vedvarende udvikling af de neo-væv er meget afhængige af effektiv celle såning af stilladser, thereby gør afgørelsen af ​​celletype af afgørende betydning. Adskillige rapporter demonstrere brugen af modne endothel og glatte muskelceller fra forskellige kilder til at udvikle ledninger med lille diameter 3-6. Selvom lovende, at manglen på tilstrækkelige autologe fartøjer opnå modne endotel og glatte muskelceller fortsat en betydelig byrde. For nylig er stamceller fra forskellige kilder er blevet udnyttet for vaskulære vævsdyrkningsapplikationer. Faktisk, en række stamceller celletyper, herunder embryonale stamceller 7, inducerede pluripotente stamceller (iPSCs) 8,9, PiPSC 10,11, knoglemarv-afledte mononukleære celler 12, mesenchymstamceller 13, endotel stamceller og voksne fartøj væg afledt stamcelle antigen-1 (Sca-1) + stamceller / progenitorceller 14,15 har alle vist sig at være i stand til differentiering til enten funktionel endotel- eller glatte muskelceller som reaktion på definerede medier ogdyrkningsbetingelser. Endvidere ubegrænset kapacitet af stamcellerne selvfornyelse gøre dem bedre kandidater modsætning modne endotel og glatte muskelceller, som kun kan dele sig et begrænset antal gange før undergår vækststandsning og ældning. Udvælgelsen af ​​stillads materiale til at generere vellykket manipuleret væv fartøj til podning afhænger af flere faktorer, såsom biokompatibilitet, biomekaniske egenskaber, og bionedbrydningshastigheden. Grundlæggende materialer anvendes til at skabe stilladser for podninger skal være biologisk nedbrydelige og vil ikke montere unødvendig modtager immunreaktioner. Derudover skal det omfatte en passende porøsitet og mikrostruktur for cellebinding og efterfølgende overlevelse. Til dato er de mest almindelige materialer, der anvendes til stilladser i karvæv engineering omfatter polymerer af polyglycolsyre, polymælkesyre og poly ε-caprolacton 16. For nylig decellulariseret biologiske materialer harogså blevet anvendt med en vis succes. Adskillige laboratorier har vist, at såning decellulariserede menneske, hunde eller svin fartøjer med autologe celler gav et biologisk implantat, der modstod koagulation og intimahyperplasi 17-19. Andre strategier i karvæv engineering omfatter ekstracellulære matrixproteiner-baserede karimplantater fx, såning celler i fibringel 13 og genererer celle plader uden stillads support 20, 21. Den nuværende protokol viser differentiering af humane PiPSC i funktionel endotel og glatte muskelceller, frembringelsen af ​​en bioreaktor, der består af en decellulariseret fartøj stillads til havnen funktionelle PiPSC-afledte vaskulære celler og podning af manipuleret væv fartøjer i svær kombineret immundefekt (SCID ) mus. PiPSC er en optimal celletype til brug for tissue engineering af fartøjets transplantater, fordi disse celler ikke danne tumorer i mus eller raise etisk ogallo-immunresponser. Vi har endvidere vist, at strategien til at generere Pips-endotelceller og Pips-glatte muskelceller er effektiv og reproducerbar 10,11. Derefter designede vi en decellulariserede fartøj til såning af PiPSC-afledte vaskulære celler til nøje efterligner de matrixproteiner, der findes inden for en indfødt beholder og dermed øge podning og overlevelse effekt. Endvidere decellularization af fartøjerne før PiPSC podning forhindrer forekomsten af ​​inflammatoriske responser monteres ved immune celletyper såsom makrofager. Endnu vigtigere er denne protokol ikke blot repræsenterer en metode til at generere lovende vaskulære ledninger til oversættelse til mennesker, men også giver værdifulde midler til at studere og forstå de molekylære mekanismer, der styrer karvæv regenerering gennem musemodeller.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" >
	<tbody>
		<tr >
			<td >Human Fibroblasts CCL-153</td>
			<td >ATCC</td>
			<td >CCL-153</td>
			<td>Prenatal human embryonic fibroblasts</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >ATCC F-12K Medium (Kaighn&#39;s Modification of Ham&#39;s F-12 Medium)</td>
			<td >ATCC</td>
			<td >30-2004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td >ATCC</td>
			<td >30-2020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Knockout DMEM medium optimized for embryonic stem cells</td>
			<td >Life technologies (Gibco)</td>
			<td >12660-012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Knockout Serum Replacement</td>
			<td >Life technologies (Invitrogen)</td>
			<td >10828-028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Human Basic FGF-2&#160;</td>
			<td >Miltenyi Biotech</td>
			<td >130-093-837</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >alpha-MEM medium</td>
			<td >Life technologies (Invitrogen)</td>
			<td >32571093</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Human PDGF</td>
			<td >R&#38;D System</td>
			<td >120-HD-001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Gelatin Solution 2%</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >G1393</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Plasmid 20866: pCAG2LMKOSimO (SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, C-MYC)</td>
			<td >Addgene</td>
			<td >20866</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >&#160;PvuI Restriction Enzyme</td>
			<td >New England Biolabs</td>
			<td >RO150S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >SureClean Plus</td>
			<td >Bioline</td>
			<td >BIO-37047</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Nucelofection Kit (NHDF Kit)</td>
			<td >LONZA</td>
			<td >VPD-1001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Neomycin</td>
			<td >SIGMA</td>
			<td >G418</td>
			<td>Selection of&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >KL 1500 LCD, Illumination for Stereo Microscopy</td>
			<td >SCHOTT</td>
			<td >KL 1500 LCD</td>
			<td>Cold light illumination for stereo microscopy</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Nikon Zoom Steromicroscope SMZ800</td>
			<td >Nikon</td>
			<td >SMZ800</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Heparin sodium salt</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >H3393</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >10% SDS Stock Solution Molecular Biology Reagent</td>
			<td >Severn Biotech</td>
			<td >CAS 151-21-3</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Dulbecco&#39;s Phosphate Buffered Saline</td>
			<td >Sigma</td>
			<td >D8537</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Matrigel (10mg/ml)</td>
			<td >BD</td>
			<td >A6661</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Shaker IKA Vibrax with Shaking platform VX 7&#160;</td>
			<td >Jepson Bolton&#39;s, Janke&#38;Kunkel</td>
			<td >S32-102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Masterflex L/S Digital Pump Drive</td>
			<td >Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td >WZ-07523-80</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Masterflex L/S 6-channel, 6-roller cartridge pump head</td>
			<td >Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td >EW-07519-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Masterflex L/S large cartridges for pump head</td>
			<td >Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td >EW-07519-75</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Masterflex platinum-cured silicone pump tubing, L/S 14, 25 ft</td>
			<td >Cole-Parmer&#160;</td>
			<td >WZ-96410-14</td>
			<td >Tubing goes through the peristaltic pump</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >0.5mm ID, 0.8 mm OD Silicone Tubing</td>
			<td >SILEX</td>
			<td >N/A</td>
			<td>Tubings connect incubation chamber, media reservoir and compliance chamber&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Fitting Reducer 0.5 to 1.6, natural Polypropyline</td>
			<td >Ibidi</td>
			<td >10829</td>
			<td>Adapter connect above two types of tubings</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >1/32&#34; Tubing, ID 0.01&#34; (250&#181;m) Material: PEEK</td>
			<td >LabSmith</td>
			<td >T-132-010P</td>
			<td>Tubing through the incubation chamber wall which connects the graft with outside tubing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >One-Piece Fittings&#160;</td>
			<td >LabSmith</td>
			<td >T-132-100</td>
			<td>Fix the above tubings through the incubation chamber wall</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Nylon tubes (OD 0.9mm, ID 0.75mm)&#160;</td>
			<td >Smiths Medical</td>
			<td >N/A</td>
			<td>Tubings insert into two ends of the aorta graft</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/NcrCrl mouse</td>
			<td >Charles River</td>
			<td ></td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Surgical sutures, 8-0&#160; silk</td>
			<td >ETHICON</td>
			<td >W819</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Hypnorm</td>
			<td >Vetapharm</td>
			<td >Vm21757/4000</td>
			<td >Neuroleptanalgesic for use in mice</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Hypnovel (Midazolam)</td>
			<td >Roche</td>
			<td >59467-70-8</td>
			<td >Induction of anaesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Dissecting microscope</td>
			<td >Carl Zeiss</td>
			<td >Stemi 2000</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Nylon Tubing</td>
			<td >Portex LTD</td>
			<td >800/200/100/200</td>
			<td >0.65 mm in diameter and 1 mm in length; to make artery cuff</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Electrocoagulator</td>
			<td >Martin&#160;</td>
			<td >SN 54.131</td>
			<td >Ligation of artery branches on aorta</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Bipolar micro hemostat forceps</td>
			<td >Martin</td>
			<td >80-91-12-04</td>
			<td >Fixation of vessel ends</td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Vessel Dilator</td>
			<td >S&#38;T</td>
			<td >JFX-7</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Vessel Dilator</td>
			<td >S&#38;T</td>
			<td >JFL-3dZ</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Vessel Dilator</td>
			<td >S&#38;T</td>
			<td >D-5aZ</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Mini applier&#160;</td>
			<td >AESCULAP</td>
			<td >FE572K</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Micro hemostats clips</td>
			<td >AESCULAP</td>
			<td >FE720K</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
		<tr >
			<td >Surgical sutures, 6-0 VICRYL</td>
			<td >ETHICON</td>
			<td >V489</td>
			<td ></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation and grafting of tissue-engineered vessels in a mouse model

The construction of vascular conduits is a fundamental strategy for surgical repair of damaged and injured vessels resulting from cardiovascular diseases. The current protocol presents an efficient and reproducible strategy in which functional tissue engineered vessel grafts can be generated using partially induced pluripotent stem cell (PiPSC) from human fibroblasts. We designed a decellularized vessel scaffold bioreactor, which closely mimics the matrix protein structure and blood flow that exists within a native vessel, for seeding of PiPSC-endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells prior to grafting into mice. This approach was demonstrated to be advantageous because immune-deficient mice engrafted with the PiPSC-derived grafts presented with markedly increased survival rate 3 weeks after surgery. This protocol represents a valuable tool for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and potentially patient-specific cell-therapy in the near future.

Den vellykkede generation af PiPSC blev bekræftet 4 dage efter nucleofecting humane fibroblaster med et lineariseret pCAG2LMKOSimO plasmid, der bærer 4 transkriptionsfaktorer, Oct4, Sox2, KLF4 og c-myc (OSKM). PiPSC viste en markant forskellig fænotype sammenlignet med fibroblaster (figur 2A) og udtrykt 4 omprogrammeringsbeslutninger faktorer på mRNA (figur 2B) og protein (figur 2C) niveauer 10. Effektiviteten af ​​et PiPSC baseret kartransplantat er ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model at JoVE.com

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

Her præsenterer vi en protokol til at generere manipuleret væv fartøj podninger, der er funktionelle til podning i mus ved at dobbeltklikke såning delvist induceret pluripotente stamceller (PiPSC) - afledt glatte muskelceller og PiPSC - afledte endotelceller på en decellulariserede fartøj stillads bioreaktor.

Generation og podning af væv-manipuleret Fartøjer i en musemodel

The construction of vascular conduits is a fundamental strategy for surgical repair of damaged and injured vessels resulting from cardiovascular diseases. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves

Protokol for Relativ Hydrodynamic Vurdering af Tri-brochure Polymer Valves

Limitations of currently available prosthetic valves, xenografts, and homografts have prompted a recent resurgence of developments in the area of ...

Preparation of Light-responsive Membranes by a Combined Surface Grafting and Postmodification Process

Udarbejdelse af Light-responsive Membraner med et samlet overfladeareal Pode og Postmodification Process

In order to modify the surface tension of commercial available track-edged polymer membranes, a procedure of surface-initiated polymerization is ...

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts and Subsequent In Vivo Monitoring

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts and Subsequent In Vivo Monitoring

Kirurgisk Teknik for implantation af manipuleret væv kargrafter og efterfølgende<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; Overvågning

The development of Tissue Engineered Vessels (TEVs) is advanced by the ability to routinely and effectively implant TEVs (4-5 mm in diameter) into a large ...

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding

Generation af en tre-dimensionel fuld tykkelse Skin Equivalent og Automated Anskydning

In vitro models are a cost effective and ethical alternative to study cutaneous wound healing processes. Moreover, by using human cells, these models ...

Production, Characterization and Potential Uses of a 3D Tissue-engineered Human Esophageal Mucosal Model

Produktion, karakterisering og potentielle anvendelse af en 3D-Tissue-manipuleret humant Esophageal Mucosal Model

The incidence of both esophageal adenocarcinoma and its precursor, Barrett&#8217;s Metaplasia, are rising rapidly in the western world. Furthermore ...

A Combined 3D Tissue Engineered In Vitro/In Silico Lung Tumor Model for Predicting Drug Effectiveness in Specific Mutational Backgrounds

A Combined 3D Tissue Engineered In Vitro/In Silico Lung Tumor Model for Predicting Drug Effectiveness in Specific Mutational Backgrounds

En kombineret 3D manipuleret væv<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; /<em&gt; I Silico</em&gt; Lunge Tumor Model for Forudsigelse Drug Effektivitet i specifikke mutations baggrunde

In the present study, we combined an in vitro 3D lung tumor model with an in silico model to optimize predictions of drug response based on a specific ...

Applications of In Vivo Functional Testing of the Rat Tibialis Anterior for Evaluating Tissue Engineered Skeletal Muscle Repair

Applications of In Vivo Functional Testing of the Rat Tibialis Anterior for Evaluating Tissue Engineered Skeletal Muscle Repair

anvendelser af<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Funktionel Test af Rat tibialis anterior for Evaluering manipuleret væv Skeletal Muscle Repair

Despite the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle, permanent functional and/or cosmetic deficits (e.g., volumetric muscle loss (VML) resulting from ...

Three-dimensional Tissue Engineered Aligned Astrocyte Networks to Recapitulate Developmental Mechanisms and Facilitate Nervous System Regeneration

Tre-dimensionelle Tissue Engineering justeret Astrocyte netværk for at sammenfatte udviklingsmæssige mekanismer og lette nervesystem regenerering

Neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease often result in lasting neurological deficits due to the limited capacity of the central nervous system (CNS) to ...

A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects

En ny Tenorrhaphy Suture Teknik med væv manipuleret kollagen Graft at reparere store sene defekter

Surgical management of large tendon defects with tendon grafts is challenging, as there are a finite number of sites where donors can be readily ...

Seeding and Implantation of a Biosynthetic Tissue-engineered Tracheal Graft in a Mouse Model

Såning og Implantation af en biosyntetiske væv-manipuleret trakeal Graft i en musemodel

Treatment options for congenital or secondary long segment tracheal defects have historically been limited due to an inability to replace functional ...