Name: instrumentation of near-term fetal sheep for multivariate chronic non-anesthetized recordings
Uploaded: 2015-10-25T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings at JoVE.com

authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Molly Towell Perinatal Research Foundation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and Fonds de Recherche du Qu&#233;bec &#8211; Sant&#233; (FRQS) (to MGF) and CIHR-Quebec Training Network in Perinatal Research (QTNPR) (to LDD).
The authors wish to thank Esther Simard, Marco Bosa, Carl Bernard and Carmen Movila for technical assistance.

Dyrepleje fulgte retningslinjerne i den canadiske Rådet om Animal Care og godkendelse fra Université de Montréal Råd om Animal Care (protokol # 10 Rech-1560). Detaljerede oplysninger om materialer og metoder, der anvendes findes i tabel 1. 1. Anæstesi <ol><li> Sæt en enkelt lumen kateter ind i en halsvene. </li><li> Bedøve moderfår hjælp acepromazin (Atravet 10 mg / ml) 2 mg intravenøst ​​ca. 30 minutter før induktion af anæstesi med henblik på at reducere stress i forbind...

Bedøvelsesmidlet og kirurgiske procedurer præsenteres, der kræves til etablering af en dyremodel til undersøgelse af føtalt fysiologi og patofysiologi: kronisk instrumenterede ikke-bedøvede føtal får. Fire kritiske skridt i protokollen bør understreges. Først passerer katetre og elektroder gennem moderens flanke: Det er vigtigt, at det sker på en gang for at undgå et indre organ skader. For det andet, sikre uterotomy driftsstedet før exteriorizing fosteret: dette er afgørende a...

En række dyremodeller findes for studiet af både normale og kompromitterede graviditeter, herunder laboratorium gnavere, primater og indenlandske drøvtyggere. 1,2,3,4,5 Den kronisk instrumenteret gravid får har været brugt i udstrakt grad i 50 år som en model af menneskelig fosterudvikling og reaktioner på patofysiologiske stimuli, såsom lipopolysaccharid (LPS). 6-10 Læsionerne følgende LPS eksponering efterligne præcis, hvad der ses hos præmature spædbørn med periventricular leukomalaci, hvilket skyldes en lignende maturational profil begge arter. 11, 12 Andre graviditet komplikationer er også blevet undersøgt i stor detalje som den opdagelse, at fødselsforberedelse glukokortikoider fremmer lunge udvikling 13-15 og forstå effekten af intrauterin vækst begrænsning (IUGR) på fosteret 16,17. Den omfattende brug af føtalt fåremodellen skyldes unique modtagelighed af den ikke-bedøvede føtal får til kirurgisk placering og vedligeholdelse af katetre og elektroder, tillader gentagne blodprøvetagning, registrering af bioelektriske aktivitet, anvendelse af elektrisk stimulering og in vivo billeddannelse af hjernen. 18. Telemetri er også muligt, dog mindre hyppigt anvendt men på grund af den højere sofistikerede til at oprette såvel som den oprindelige og vedligeholdelsesudgifter. 19 Desuden fosterets fåremodellen er meget alsidig som er mulige afhængigt af foranstaltninger af interesse mange variationer af instrumentering. For eksempel er det muligt at optage over dage til uger multivariate signaler i realtid såsom føtale vejrtrækning bevægelser, elektrisk hjerneaktivitet, kardiovaskulære reaktioner, elektrokardiogram, regional blodgennemstrømning til en række organer under anvendelse af flow prober eller mikrosfærer, etc. Takket være denne alsidighed, har en bred vifte af undersøgelser er udført, herunder udvikling af den cardiovascular systemet 20,21, hypothalamus-hypofyse-binyre (HPA) aksen 22, hjernens udvikling 23 og søvn hedder udvikling, især 24, effekter af hypoxi / asfyksi 25, terapeutisk hypotermi 26, betændelse 6-11, kombination af begge 27, glukokortikoider 28,29, antidepressiver 30, Bronkopulmonale dysplasi (BPD) 31,32, føtal programmering 33,34,35,36,37,38,39 eller udvikling af nye føtal overvågning modaliteter før og under fødslen at nævne et få områder af undersøgelsen. 40,41,42,43 Det overordnede mål med den metode præsenteret er at vise denne alsidige model grundlæggende implementering. Det gør det muligt at etablere en bred vifte af akutte og kroniske forsøgsprotokoller studerer føtal fysiologi og patofysiologi på integrativ, orgel, cellulære og molekylære niveau.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>ACE Light source</td>
			<td>Schott-Fostec</td>
			<td>A20500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14060 - 11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Angled dissecting scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>15006 - 09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scalpel handle</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>10003 - 12</td>
			<td>alternating dissecting tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Curved scalpel blades #12</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>10012 - 00</td>
			<td>alternating dissecting tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bone scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>16044 - 10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>S &#38; T suture tying forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>00272 - 13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont SS forceps - angled</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11203 - 25&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Braided silk suture size 6-0</td>
			<td>Teleflex Medical</td>
			<td>07 - 30&#160; - 10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Medical Tape</td>
			<td>transpore</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine hydrochloride 100 mg/ml</td>
			<td>Hospira</td>
			<td>NDC 0409 - 2051 - 05</td>
			<td>Final Does is 80 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tranqui Ved Injection (xylazine 100 mg/ml)</td>
			<td>Vecdo</td>
			<td>NDC 50989 - 234 - 11</td>
			<td>Final Does is 10 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Reactive orange 14</td>
			<td>Sigma - Aldrich</td>
			<td>R - 8254</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ringers Solution Components</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Solution is gas equilibrated with 95% O2 and 5% Co2, final pH 7.4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma - Aldrich</td>
			<td>S7653</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 118 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>P217 - 3</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 4.7 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Calcium chloride dihydrate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>C79 - 500</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 2.5 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate monobasic</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>P -285</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 1.2 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate</td>
			<td>J.T. Baker</td>
			<td>Jan-00</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 0.57 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES)</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP 310 - 500</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 5.95 g/L</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma - Aldrich</td>
			<td>G8270</td>
			<td>Final Concentration: 5.5 mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LifeWindow</td>
			<td>Digicare Biomedical Technology</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CED bioamplifier and ADC units</td>
			<td>Cambridge Electronic Design Limited, 
			Unit 4, Science Park, 
			Milton Road, 
			Cambridge CB4 0FE 
			ENGLAND.</td>
			<td>Bioamp: 1902; ADC: micro1401; Data acquisition software: Spike 2, V7.13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Neurolog analog signal bioamplifier</td>
			<td>Digitimer Ltd 
			37 Hydeway 
			Welwyn Garden City 
			Hertfordshire, AL7 3BE, England</td>
			<td>NL108A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ABL800Flex</td>
			<td>Radiometer Canada; 200 Aberdeen Dr, London, ON N5V 4N2</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Eppendorf 5804R</td>
			<td>Eppendorf Canada; 2810 Argentia Road, #2 
			Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 8L2</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Arrow Jugular Catheterization Set</td>
			<td>Arrow International, Inc., 2400 Bernville Road, Reading, PA 19605 USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Atravet</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>10 mg/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Diazepam</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5mg/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine</td>
			<td>Ketalar</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>100 mg/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Propofol</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>10 mg/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SurgiVeT</td>
			<td>Endotracheal Tubes; Smiths Medical ASD, Inc. St. Paul, MN 55112, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cook Airway Exchange Catheter with RAPI-FIT Adapters</td>
			<td>Cook Critical Care 750, Bloomington IN 47402-0489 USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dispomed Ventilator</td>
			<td>Dispomed Ltd., 745 Nazaire-Laurin, Joliette, Quebec J6E 0L6</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BD Insyte-W</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson, Infusion Therapy Systems Inc., 9450 S State St, Sandy Utah 84070 USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>22 to 20 G; 1 in [0.9 x 25 mm] to 1.16 in [1.1 x 30 mm]</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Edwards Lifesciences Ref: PX272 Pressure monitoring kit with TruWave Disposable Pressure</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LifeWindow LW6000</td>
			<td>Digicare Biomedical Technology 107 Commerce Road, Boynton Beach, FL 33426-9365 USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gaymar</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Babcock</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyvinyl catheters</td>
			<td>SCI (Scientific Commodities Inc.)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>2 meters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-0 Vicryl</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Castroviejo scissors</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>electrocardiogram (ECG)</td>
			<td>LIFYY, Metrofunk Kabel-Union, Berlin, Germany</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>four copper electrodes in single sheath, 2 meters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-O Vicryl</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-0 Vicryl</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PDS II USP</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trimethoprim sulfadoxine</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ampicillin</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stopcock</td>
			<td>Argon Medical, Cat&#160;041220001A</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Double 4-way Stopcock with male luer lock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needles</td>
			<td>Tyco Healthcare 8881202389</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Monoject aluminum hub blunt needles, 22Gx, 0.7mmx 38.1mm: for fetal arterial and venous catheters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needles</td>
			<td>Tyco Healthcare 8881202322</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Monoject aluminum hub blunt needles, 16Gx, 1.6mmx38.1mm: for amniotic catheters</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

instrumentation of near-term fetal sheep for multivariate chronic non-anesthetized recordings

The chronically instrumented pregnant sheep has been used as a model of human fetal development and responses to pathophysiologic stimuli such as endotoxins, bacteria, umbilical cord occlusions, hypoxia and various pharmacological treatments. The life-saving clinical practices of glucocorticoid treatment in fetuses at risk of premature birth and the therapeutic hypothermia have been developed in this model. This is due to the unique amenability of the non-anesthetized fetal sheep to the surgical placement and maintenance of catheters and electrodes, allowing repetitive blood sampling, substance injection, recording of bioelectrical activity, application of electric stimulation and in vivo organ imaging. Here we describe the surgical instrumentation procedure required to achieve a stable chronically instrumented non-anesthetized fetal sheep model including characterization of the post-operative recovery from blood gas, metabolic and inflammation standpoints.

38 gravide tid-dateret moderfår blev instrumenteret på 128 ± 2 dages drægtighed (DGA, ~ 0,88 drægtighed, term 145 DGA) med arterielt, venøst ​​og fostervand katetre og elektrokardiogram (EKG) elektroder med steril teknik under generel anæstesi (både moderfår og foster ). I tilfælde af tvillingegraviditet den større foster blev valgt baseret på palpating og estimere den intertemporale diameter; alternativt kan fosteret at være instrumenteret vælges tilfældigt for at undgå enhver potentiel skævhed ell...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings at JoVE.com

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings

Kronisk instrumenterede ikke-bedøvet føtal fåremodel benyttes til at undersøge human føtal udvikling inden for sundhed og sygdom, fordi den tillader kirurgisk placering og vedligeholdelse af katetre og elektroder, gentagne blodprøvetagning, stof injektion registrering af bioelektriske aktivitet og in vivo-billeddannelse. Vi beskriver de procedurer, der er nødvendige for at etablere denne model.

Instrumentering af kortsigtede Føtal Får til Multivariate Kroniske ikke-bedøvede Optagelser

The chronically instrumented pregnant sheep has been used as a model of human fetal development and responses to pathophysiologic stimuli such as ...

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