Name: long term intravital multiphoton microscopy imaging of immune cells in healthy and diseased liver using cxcr6.gfp reporter mice
Uploaded: 2015-03-24T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Long Term Intravital Multiphoton Microscopy Imaging of Immune Cells in Healthy and Diseased Liver Using CXCR6.Gfp Reporter Mice at JoVE.com

The authors thank the Central Animal facility of the University Hospital Aachen for technical support. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG Ta434/2-1, DFG SFB/TRR 57) and by the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen. This work was further supported by the Core Facility &#8221;Two-Photon Imaging&#8221;, a Core Facility of the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Aachen within the Faculty of Medicine at RWTH Aachen University.

참고 : 실험 (NIH 간행물, 8 판, 2011) &#39;관리 및 사용 실험 동물의를위한 안내서&#39;다음 동물 연구에 적용되는 독일 법규에 따라 수행하고, 동물의 보호에 관한 지침 63분의 2,010 / EU 과학적인 목적 (유럽 연합의 공식 저널, 2010)에 사용됩니다. 공식 권한은 정부의 동물 관리 및 사용 사무실 (LANUV 노르 트라 인베스트 팔렌, 레 클링 하우젠, 독일)에서 수여되었다. 주 : 단기 촬상 생...

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본 연구의 목적은 간 생체 내에 TPLSM 이미징 높은 표준화 안정적이고 재현성있는 방법을 개발하는 것이었다. 일반적으로 생체 내에 이미징은 원점 복귀 및 개발, 항상성과 질병에 다른 백혈구 인구의 상호 작용 다음과 같은 실제 생활 조건에서 세포의 행동에 대한 가치있는 통찰력을 부여하고있다. 그러나, 직접적으로 고형 장기에 비해 간뿐만 아니라 높은 취약성으로 인해 전송되는 호흡기 및 장...

세포 및 전체 기관의 세포 기능 또는 전체 유기체의 시각화는 본체 (2)의 거의 모든 부분을 포함, 50 년 이상 큰 관심이었다. 따라서 일부 초기 연구는 이미 간 3,4의 생체 내에 이미지를 고용했다. 그러나, 다음과 같은 몇 가지 제한 사항이 간 조직의 장기 안정적인 고해상도 영상에 관한 최신 상태로 존재한다. 다이어프램 인해 위장관 5 밀착 간 해부학 위치로, 미세한 생체 내에 이미징을위한 가장 일반적인 문제는 장관 (6)의 낮은 정도, 연동 운동 호흡 때문이며. 고형 장기에 비해, 간 수술 특히 도전적이다. 때문에 조밀 한 미세 혈관 구조에, 수술 조작, 대규모 출혈성 병변 거주자의 장애 미세 7도 활성화를 이끌 수 있습니까이러한 쿠퍼 세포 (8)과 같은 mmune 세포. 따라서, 조직의 기계적인 고정화 -6,9-가 생체 내에 현미경 이미징에 간섭 가능성이 다른 공표. 건강한 간에서, 총 혈액량 10~15 %가 간 혈관 내에 존재하고, 기관은 순환의 변화 (예를 들면, 혈압 변동에 매우 민감 장기 렌더링 전체 심 박출량 (10)의 약 25 %를 ). 따라서, 과도한 조직 처리 또는 중앙 집중식 순환에 의해 예를 들면, 전단 응력, 변위, 부상으로 간 혈액 흐름의 중단뿐만 아니라 간 면역 반응에 영향을 미치는, 백혈구 철새 행동의 인공 변경, 손상된 간 산소 때문에 더 간 손상으로 이어질 것 장기 보존과 동물의 전체 수명 등. 초기 현미경 연구는 생체 내에 표면 형광 마일 기반으로했다croscopy 있으나, 이러한 포토 블리치 낮은 침투 깊이와 같은 여러 기술적 인 제약은 장기 간 촬상 4,11,12 본 기술의 사용을 제한한다. 이 새로운 방법은 실생활 13-15에서 거의 모든 장기에 영상 연구를 수행 할 기술적으로 가능했다으로 1990 년대에 다 광자 현미경의 발달과 함께, 사진 표백 또는 침투 깊이의 한계는 주로 해결되었다. 그러나, 간 영상에 대하여 주 남은 과제였다 : 몇 시간 이상 16 시간 동안 사인 곡선의 불변 간 혈류, 특히 안정된 촬상 확보 호흡 운동, 간 조직의자가 형광이. 여러 연구는 간에서 17 예, NKT 세포 18-20, 21, 22 T 세포, 대 식세포 간 23,24 또는 25 호중구, 장기 광자 m 함수를 다양한 백혈구의 이동을 해결되지만icroscopy 영상은 아직 성공적으로 인해 추가 손상 (26)에 대한 기존의 손상 때문에 더 높은 감수성에 작업이 훨씬 더 도전 급성 또는 만성 간 질환 동물에서 설립되지 않았다. 그러나, 실시간으로 간에서 백혈구의 철새 행동과 세포 기능을 모니터링 간 항상성과 질병 (27)에서의 특정 역할에 새로운 통찰력을 할 수 있습니다. 케모카인 수용체 CXCR6 자연 킬러 (NK) 세포, NKT 세포 및 일부 T 세포를 포함한 여러 18,28 개체군 림프구 서브 세트 상에 발현된다. 마우스에서의 연구는 이전 CXCR6와 동족 리간드 CXCL16 항상성 동안 간 정​​현파에 NKT 세포의 순찰을 제어 할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 결과적으로, (CXCR6 궤적에 녹색 형광 단백질 [GFP]의 노크에 들고) CXCR6.gfp 마우스의 사용은 뇌 29 등의 각종 장기에 림프구의 이동을 조사 설명 하였지만또한 간 (18, 20)는, 염증에 CXCR6.gfp 세포의 침윤을 증가 게재. 본 연구에서 제공된 방법에 안정화 된 조건 하에서 장기간에 걸쳐 이러한 프로세스를 수행 할 수 있었다. 생체 내에 광자 기반의 절차는 동물과 기관의 최소한의 교란과 높은 재현성했다 이미징을 허용; 호흡과 순환의 가까운 제어 다음에 광범위한 모니터링하여 장기 동물의 생존을 위해 최적화; 매우 유연하고 쉽게는 신장이나 비장 등의 실질 장기로도 채택한다.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1184">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Anesthetics</td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td style="width:293px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Buprenorphine</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Essex Pharma</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">997.00.00</td>
			<td>Analgeticum, 0.1 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Fentanyl</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Rotex Medica</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">charge: 30819</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Fluovac anesthesia system</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">34-1030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Glucose 5%</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Braun</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ISOFLO (Isoflurane Vapor) vaporiser</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Eickemeyer</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">4802885</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Forene Abbott</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">B 506</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Isotonic (0.9%) NaCl solution</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">DeltaSelect GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">PZN 00765145</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Ketamin 10%</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">ceva</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">Charge: 36217/09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;"></td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Xylazin 2%</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">medistar</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">Charge: 04-03-9338/23</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;"></td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Consumable supplies</td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">20ml Syringe</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">BD Plastipak</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">250ml Erlenmeyer flask</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Schott Duran</td>
			<td>21 226 36</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">25mL Beaker 2x</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Schott Duran</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">50-1150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">2ml syringe</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">BD Plastipak</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">4-0 Vicryl suture</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Ethicon</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">V7980</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Agarose</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">commercially available</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Bepanthen Eye and Nose ointment</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Bayer Vital GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">6029009.00.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Change-A-Tip Deluxe High-Temp Cautery Kit</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">18010-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Cotton Gauze swabs</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fuhrmann GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">32014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Cover Slip 24x50mm</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">ROTH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">1871</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Durapore silk tape</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">3M</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">1538-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Feather disposable scalpel</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Feather</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">02.001.30.011</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Fine Bore Polythene Tubing 0,58mm ID</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Smiths medical</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">800/100/200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Histoacryl</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Braun</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">1050052</td>
			<td>5x 0,5ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Leukoplast</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">BSN Medical Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Microscope Slides</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">ROTH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">1879</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Poly-Alcohol Haut&#8230;farblos Antisepticum</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Antiseptica GmbH</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">72PAH200</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Sterican needle 18 G x 1</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">B. Braun</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">304622</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Sterican needle 27 3/4 G x 1</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">B. Braun</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">4657705</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Tissue paper</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">commercially available</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;"></td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Surgical Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Amalgam burnisher 3PL</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Gatz</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">0110?</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Blair retractors (4 pronged (blunt)) x2</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Storz&#38;Klein</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">S-01134</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Dumont No.7 forceps</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">91197-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Graefe forceps curved x1</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">11151-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Graefe forceps straight x2</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">11050-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Heidemann spatula HD2</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Stoma</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">2030.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Needle holder Mathieu</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">12010-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Scissor</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">14074-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Semken forceps</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">11008-13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Small surgical scissors curved</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">14029-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Small surgical scissors straight</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">14028-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Standard pattern forceps</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">11000-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vannas spring scissors</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Fine Science Tools Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">15000-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;"></td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:263px;"></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">ECG Trigger Unit</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Rapid Biomedical</td>
			<td style="width:219px;">3000003686</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">MICROCAPSTAR End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Analyzer</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">AD Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Minivent Typ 845</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>73-0043</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:411px;">Multiphoton microscope Trimscope I</td>
			<td style="width:263px;">LaVision</td>
			<td style="width:219px;"></td>
			<td></td>
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long term intravital multiphoton microscopy imaging of immune cells in healthy and diseased liver using cxcr6.gfp reporter mice

<html> 부상에 대한 응답으로서 간염은 단핵구, 호중구, T 세포의 서브 세트, B 세포, 자연 살해 (NK) 및 NKT 세포의 구별을 포함한 백혈구 아형의 침입을 수반하는 매우 동적 인 과정이다. 면역 세포의 이동을 모니터링하기위한 생체 내에 간 현미경 인해 시료 전처리 및 고정, 광학 해상도 및 장기 생존 동물에 대한 높은 요구에 특히 도전적이다. 그러나, 염증 과정뿐만 아니라, 셀룰러 상호 작용 연구 역학 잘 염증성 간 질환의 개시, 진행 및 회귀 이해에 중요한 정보를 제공 할 수있다. 따라서, 매우 민감하고 신뢰할 수있는 방법은 집중 치료와 함께 마이그레이션 및 생체 내에 두 광자 레이저 스캐닝 현미경 (TPLSM)에 의해 오랜 기간 (약 6 시간)을 마우스 간에서 다른 면역 세포의 세포 - 세포 상호 작용을 연구하기 위해 설립되었습니다 모니터링. 이비인후과 &quot;&gt; 제공 방법은 부드러운 준비 및 기관의 최소 섭동과 간의 안정적인 고정을 포함하며, 장기간 생체 내에 촬상 추적을 허용하는, 최대 6 시간의 기간 동안 사실상 광표백 또는 광독성 효과 다색 다 광자 현미경을 사용하여 마우스 중요한 매개 변수와 순환, 온도, 가스 교환의 안정화의 광범위한 모니터링에 의한 안정적인 영상 조건, 특정 백혈구 하위 집합. CXCR6.gfp 간염시 림프구 마이그레이션을 조사하기 위해 넉 - 생쥐 기준선 조건 하에서 사염화탄소 복강 내 주사 발 CCL (4)에 의해 유도되는 급성 및 만성 간 손상 후 생체 내에 간 촬상을 실시한다. 천연 킬러 (NK) - - 또한 그러한 CD4 T 세포로서 T 림프구 서브 세트했지만 점막 associ CXCR6 주로 자연 살해 T (NKT)에 림프구상에서 발현 케모카인 수용체이며ated의 불변 (MAIT) T 세포 하나. 간 손상에 따라 자신의 변화된 행동에 대한 상세한 통찰력과 질병의 진행에 따라서 잠재적 인 참여를 허용 CXCR6.gfp + 면역 세포의 이주 패턴과 위치에 따라.

우리의 생체 내에 TPLSM 접근 방식의 유효성을 확인하기 위해, 우리는 생체 내에 TPLSM 이미징에 CXCR6의 GFP / + 마우스를 실시. 마우스를 어느 기준선 대조군으로 방치 또는 급성 간 손상 유도 20 사염화탄소 단일 복강 내 주사 (사염화탄소)을 실시 하였다. 녹색 형광 인해 비디오 시퀀스는 2-5 시간의 기간 동안 수행 한 후, 세포는 시간이 지남에 따라 추적 ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Long Term Intravital Multiphoton Microscopy Imaging of Immune Cells in Healthy and Diseased Liver Using CXCR6.Gfp Reporter Mice at JoVE.com

Long Term Intravital Multiphoton Microscopy Imaging of Immune Cells in Healthy and Diseased Liver Using CXCR6.Gfp Reporter Mice

Stable intravital high-resolution imaging of immune cells in the liver is challenging. Here we provide a highly sensitive and reliable method to study migration and cell-cell-interactions of immune cells in mouse liver over long periods (about 6 hours) by intravital multiphoton laser scanning microscopy in combination with intensive care monitoring.

CXCR6.Gfp 기자 마우스를 사용하여 건강하고 병에 걸린 간에서 면역 세포의 장기 생체 내에 다중 광자 현미경 이미징

Liver inflammation as a response to injury is a highly dynamic process involving the infiltration of distinct subtypes of leukocytes including monocytes, ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Seven Steps to Stellate Cells

셀을 별 모양으로 일곱 단계

Hepatic stellate cells are liver-resident  cells of star-like morphology and are located in the space of Disse between  liver sinusoidal endothelial cells ...

연구

면역학 및 감염병학

Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Thymus using 2-Photon Microscopy

2 - 광자 현미경을 사용하여 마우스 Thymus의 Intravital 영상

Two-photon Microscopy (TPM) provides image acquisition in deep areas inside tissues and organs. In combination with the development of new stereotactic ...

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

장기 만성<em&gt; 녹농균</em마우스의&gt;기도 감염

A mouse model of chronic airway infection is a key asset in cystic fibrosis (CF) research, although there are a number of concerns regarding the model ...

Highly Resolved Intravital Striped-illumination Microscopy of Germinal Centers

어린 싹 센터의 높은 해결의 intravital 스트라이프 - 조명 현미경

Monitoring cellular communication by intravital deep-tissue multi-photon microscopy is the key for understanding the fate of immune cells within thick ...

Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics

Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics

다음 간 생체 내에 현미경 이미징<em&gt; 슈만 편모충</em&gt; 감염 : 간 혈류의 평가

Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful optical imaging technique that has made possible the visualization, monitoring and quantification of various ...

Intravital Microscopy of Leukocyte-endothelial and Platelet-leukocyte Interactions in Mesenterial Veins in Mice

마우스의 Mesenterial 혈관에서의 생체 내에 현미경 백혈구 - 내피 세포와 혈소판 - 백혈구 상호 작용

Intravital microscopy is a method that can be used to investigate different processes in different regions and vessels in living animals. In this ...

Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions

Analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica Effector Translocation into Host Cells Using Beta-lactamase Effector Fusions

분석<em&gt; 예 르시 니아의 enterocolitica</em숙주 세포 내로&gt; 이펙터 전좌 베타 - 락타 마제 이펙터의 용해 사용

Many gram-negative bacteria including pathogenic Yersinia spp. employ type III secretion systems to translocate effector proteins into eukaryotic target ...

Imaging Neutrophils and Monocytes in Mesenteric Veins by Intravital Microscopy on Anaesthetized Mice in Real Time

실시간으로 마취 마우스에 생체 내에 현미경으로 장간막 혈관에서 호중구와 단핵구 이미징

Efficient immune response is dependent on rapid mobilization of blood leukocytes to the site of infection or injury. Investigating leukocyte migration in ...

Intravital Imaging of Neutrophil Priming Using IL-1&#946; Promoter-driven DsRed Reporter Mice

Intravital Imaging of Neutrophil Priming Using IL-1ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â² Promoter-driven DsRed Reporter Mice

IL-1β의 발기인 기반을 DsRed 기자 마우스를 사용 호중구 초벌의 생체 내에 영상

Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood circulation and are quickly recruited to inflammatory sites. Priming is a critical event that ...

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence

기자 효소 형광와 쥐에서 이미징 결핵균

Reporter enzyme fluorescence (REF) utilizes substrates that are specific for enzymes present in target organisms of interest for imaging or detection by ...