Name: mouse model of alloimmune-induced vascular rejection and transplant arteriosclerosis
Uploaded: 2015-05-17T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Mouse Model of Alloimmune-induced Vascular Rejection and Transplant Arteriosclerosis at JoVE.com

Este trabalho foi financiado por doações dos Institutos Canadenses de Pesquisa em Saúde e Heart and Stroke Foundation of BC &amp; Yukon (JCC).

Todos os protocolos deste estudo foram revisados ​​e aprovados pelo comitê de ética de cuidados de animais Simon Fraser University. Use Balb / CYJ (H2 d) camundongos doadores e camundongos C57BL / 6 (H2 b) beneficiários para analisar reações alogênicos. Os ratos são utilizados em experiências, com idades entre 8 a 12 semanas. Use camundongos ou femininos ou masculinos. Controlos singeneicos consistem de segmentos de aorta de ratinhos C57BL / 6 dadores em receptores C57BL / 6. 1. d...

<ol>
	<li>Billingham, M. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Graft+coronary+disease:+the+lesions+and+the+patients.">Graft coronary disease: the lesions and the patients.</a> Transplant Proc. 21, 3665-3666 (1989).</li><li>Foegh, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+rejection--graft+arteriosclerosis.">Chronic rejection--graft arteriosclerosis.</a> Transplant Proc. 22, 119-122 (1990).</li><li>Libby, P., Pober, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+rejection.">Chronic rejection.</a> Immunity. 14, 387-397 (2001).</li><li>Tellides, G., Pober, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interferon-gamma+axis+in+graft+arteriosclerosis.">Interferon-gamma axis in graft arteriosclerosis.</a> Circulation research. 100, 622-632 (2007).</li><li>Johnson, D. E., Gao, S. Z., Schroeder, J. S., DeCampli, W. M., Billingham, M. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+spectrum+of+coronary+artery+pathologic+findings+in+human+cardiac+allografts.">The spectrum of coronary artery pathologic findings in human cardiac allografts.</a> The Journal of heart transplantation. 8, 349-359 (1989).</li><li>Gao, S. Z., Alderman, E. L., Schroeder, J. S., Silverman, J. F., Hunt, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Accelerated+coronary+vascular+disease+in+the+heart+transplant+patient:+coronary+arteriographic+findings.">Accelerated coronary vascular disease in the heart transplant patient: coronary arteriographic findings.</a> Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 12, 334-340 (1988).</li><li>Mennander, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+rejection+in+rat+aortic+allografts.+An+experimental+model+for+transplant+arteriosclerosis.">Chronic rejection in rat aortic allografts. An experimental model for transplant arteriosclerosis.</a> Arterioscler Thromb. 11, 671-680 (1991).</li><li>Choy, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Granzymes+and+perforin+in+solid+organ+transplant+rejection.">Granzymes and perforin in solid organ transplant rejection.</a> Cell Death Differ. 17, 567-576 (2010).</li><li>Johnson, P., Carpenter, M., Hirsch, G., Lee, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recipient+cells+form+the+intimal+proliferative+lesion+in+the+rat+aortic+model+of+allograft+arteriosclerosis.">Recipient cells form the intimal proliferative lesion in the rat aortic model of allograft arteriosclerosis.</a> Am J Transplant. 2, 207-214 (2002).</li><li>Minami, E., Laflamme, M. A., Saffitz, J. E., Murry, C. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extracardiac+progenitor+cells+repopulate+most+major+cell+types+in+the+transplanted+human+heart.">Extracardiac progenitor cells repopulate most major cell types in the transplanted human heart.</a> Circulation. 112, 2951-2958 (2005).</li><li>Yu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=AIP1+prevents+graft+arteriosclerosis+by+inhibiting+interferon-gamma-dependent+smooth+muscle+cell+proliferation+and+intimal+expansion.">AIP1 prevents graft arteriosclerosis by inhibiting interferon-gamma-dependent smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal expansion.</a> Circ Res. 109, 418-427 (2011).</li><li>Miller, C., DeWitt, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+and+humoral+responses+to+major+and+minor+histocompatibility+antigens.">Cellular and humoral responses to major and minor histocompatibility antigens.</a> Transplant Proc. 5, 303-305 (1973).</li><li>Tsutsui, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lumen+loss+in+transplant+coronary+artery+disease+is+a+biphasic+process+involving+early+intimal+thickening+and+late+constrictive+remodeling:+results+from+a+5-year+serial+intravascular+ultrasound+study.">Lumen loss in transplant coronary artery disease is a biphasic process involving early intimal thickening and late constrictive remodeling: results from a 5-year serial intravascular ultrasound study.</a> Circulation. 104, 653-657 (2001).</li><li>Rossum, A., Enns, W., Shi, P., MacEwan, G. E., Choy, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bim+regulates+allogeneic+immune+responses+and+transplant+arteriosclerosis+through+effects+on+T+cell+activation+and+death.">Bim regulates allogeneic immune responses and transplant arteriosclerosis through effects on T cell activation and death.</a> Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 34, 1290-1297 (2014).</li><li>Ho, M. K., Springer, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+distribution,+structural+characterization,+and+biosynthesis+of+Mac-3,+a+macrophage+surface+glycoprotein+exhibiting+molecular+weight+heterogeneity.">Tissue distribution, structural characterization, and biosynthesis of Mac-3, a macrophage surface glycoprotein exhibiting molecular weight heterogeneity.</a> J Biol Chem. 258, 636-642 (1983).</li><li>Inoue, T., Plieth, D., Venkov, C. D., Xu, C., Neilson, E. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antibodies+against+macrophages+that+overlap+in+specificity+with+fibroblasts.">Antibodies against macrophages that overlap in specificity with fibroblasts.</a> Kidney international. 67, 2488-2493 (2005).</li><li>Shi, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunologic+basis+of+transplant-associated+arteriosclerosis.">Immunologic basis of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93, 4051-4056 (1996).</li><li>Skaro, A. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=CD8++T+cells+mediate+aortic+allograft+vasculopathy+by+direct+killing+and+an+interferon-gamma-dependent+indirect+pathway.">CD8+ T cells mediate aortic allograft vasculopathy by direct killing and an interferon-gamma-dependent indirect pathway.</a> Cardiovasc Res. 65, 283-291 (2005).</li><li>Tellides, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interferon-gamma+elicits+arteriosclerosis+in+the+absence+of+leukocytes.">Interferon-gamma elicits arteriosclerosis in the absence of leukocytes.</a> Nature. 403, 207-211 (2000).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interferon-gamma+induces+human+vascular+smooth+muscle+cell+proliferation+and+intimal+expansion+by+phosphatidylinositol+3-kinase+dependent+mammalian+target+of+rapamycin+raptor+complex+1+activation.">Interferon-gamma induces human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal expansion by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase dependent mammalian target of rapamycin raptor complex 1 activation.</a> Circ Res. 101, 560-569 (2007).</li><li>Soulez, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+perlecan+fragment+LG3+is+a+novel+regulator+of+obliterative+remodeling+associated+with+allograft+vascular+rejection.">The perlecan fragment LG3 is a novel regulator of obliterative remodeling associated with allograft vascular rejection.</a> Circ Res. 110, 94-104 (2012).</li><li>Choy, J. C., Kerjner, A., Wong, B. W., McManus, B. M., Granville, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Perforin+mediates+endothelial+cell+death+and+resultant+transplant+vascular+disease+in+cardiac+allografts.">Perforin mediates endothelial cell death and resultant transplant vascular disease in cardiac allografts.</a> Am J Pathol. 165, 127-133 (2004).</li><li>Choy, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Granzyme+B+induces+endothelial+cell+apoptosis+and+contributes+to+the+development+of+transplant+vascular+disease.">Granzyme B induces endothelial cell apoptosis and contributes to the development of transplant vascular disease.</a> Am J Transplant. 5, 494-499 (2005).</li><li>Reis, E. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dramatic+remodeling+of+advanced+atherosclerotic+plaques+of+the+apolipoprotein+E-deficient+mouse+in+a+novel+transplantation+model.">Dramatic remodeling of advanced atherosclerotic plaques of the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse in a novel transplantation model.</a> Journal of vascular surgery. 34, 541-547 (2001).</li><li>Potteaux, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppressed+monocyte+recruitment+drives+macrophage+removal+from+atherosclerotic+plaques+of+Apoe-/-+mice+during+disease+regression.">Suppressed monocyte recruitment drives macrophage removal from atherosclerotic plaques of Apoe-/- mice during disease regression.</a> J Clin Invest. 121, 2025-2036 (2011).</li></ol>

Nós descrevemos um protocolo para a interposição aórtica miocárdio em ratos que é útil para estudar rejeição vascular imunomediada e TA. Este modelo pode ser usado para investigar as causas de AT, bem como o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas. Tem sido usado no passado para estabelecer um papel essencial da imunidade adaptativa, respostas de células T citotóxicas, as respostas efectoras de células T CD4 mediada por citoquinas, e danos do enxerto mediada por anticorpos em TA 14,17-21.</s...

Nos últimos 30 anos, os avanços em drogas imunossupressoras têm diminuído a rejeição do enxerto por rejeição aguda, mas a rejeição crônica permanece um desafio principal. A principal manifestação da rejeição do transplante cardíaca crônica é a arteriosclerose de transplante (TA) 1,2. Esta condição é caracterizada por hiperplasia intimai e disfunção vasomotora das artérias aloenxerto e se desenvolve como um resultado de direccionamento imunológico de células endoteliais e do músculo liso pelo sistema imune receptor. O direcionamento específico da vasculatura do enxerto devido ao reconhecimento do complexo de histocompatibilidade estrangeira peptídeo-major (MHC) é realçada pelo desenvolvimento de TA exclusivamente nas artérias do enxerto, poupando os navios de acolhimento 3. De acordo com isto é a observação de que não ocorre TA experimentalmente quando o receptor é geneticamente idêntico ao doador ou quando o receptor não tem células T e B 4. Lesão vascular mediada imunologicamente e dysfunction faz com que o desenvolvimento de espessamento da íntima e fibrose, assim como a acumulação anormal de lípidos e proteínas da MEC, em TA 5. Espessamento da íntima tende a ser concêntrica ao longo de toda a 4-6 árvore arterial. Perda do enxerto e morte geralmente ocorrem como resultado de isquemia progressiva resultante da oclusão luminal de artérias allograft 4. Em 1991, Mennander et al. 7 pioneira um modelo de interposição aórtica em ratos para modelar TA. Diversos grupos têm subsequentemente adaptado este procedimento para utilização em ratos. Neste modelo, os segmentos da aorta de aloenxerto desenvolver lesões que apresentam características comparáveis ​​às TA observada em transplantes clínicos. Isso inclui espessamento da íntima caracterizada pelo acúmulo de células musculares lisas-like e leucócitos beneficiários 7. Nos últimos 2 décadas este modelo tem sido usado para gerar importantes insights sobre os mecanismos de lesão vascular, rejeição e TA. Pode ser-nosed para analisar as questões relacionadas com as respostas imunes e vasculares durante patologia arterial. A escolha dos impactos antígeno de incompatibilidade a capacidade de abordar adequadamente essas questões. Transplante através das barreiras de MHC completos permite uma avaliação abrangente das respostas imunes que são conhecidos por serem envolvidos na rejeição de transplante de órgãos. Isso inclui o reconhecimento direto de células CD4 e CD8 T e direcionamento da política externa peptídeo-MHC apresentado por células derivadas do enxerto, CD4 indireta (e, possivelmente, CD8) reconhecimento de células T e segmentação de aloantígenos derivados do enxerto apresentados por antigénio destinatário que apresentam células e por anticorpos reconhecimento mediado de aloantigénios na superfície das células vasculares 8. No entanto, a resposta vascular à lesão em experiências de MHC desemparelhado completos pode ser diferente do que a observada clinicamente. Johnson et al., 9 revelaram que, em enxertos transplantados interposição da aorta através de uma barreira completa de MHC incompatibilidade, a maioria deas células são de origem neointimais receptor e não de origem do doador. Isto é diferente do que a observada em transplantes humanos, onde a maioria das células do músculo liso da íntima são de origem do doador 9,10. Para ter em conta esta limitação, modelos experimentais alternativos que envolvem enxerto através menores descasamentos dos antígenos de histocompatibilidade têm sido desenvolvidos que desencadeiam respostas vasculares que mais se assemelham aos observados no transplante clínico 11. Embora estes modelos alternativos permitem conclusões importantes a serem feitas sobre as respostas vasculares que impulsionam o desenvolvimento de TA, os processos imunológicos que causam rejeição vascular em antígeno de histocompatibilidade menor enxertos incompatíveis não completamente re-capitular aquelas que ocorrem no ambiente clínico. Por exemplo, antígenos de histocompatibilidade menores são reconhecidos mal por enxerto anticorpos reativos 12. Dadas as considerações acima, é importante considerar o questi patológicono a ser examinado quando se escolhe o tipo de antigénio incompatibilidade utilizado num modelo interposição aórtica. Aqui nós descrevemos um protocolo detalhado para murino enxertia interposição aórtica. Nós descrevemos enxerto de interposição entre camundongos MHC-incompatíveis completos, mas o mesmo protocolo é usado para enxerto através de outras linhagens de camundongos incompatíveis antígeno.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Name&#160;</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalogue</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C57BL/6J (H-2b)</td>
			<td>Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbour ME</td>
			<td>Strain# 000664</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Balb/cBYJ</td>
			<td>Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbour ME</td>
			<td>Strain# 001026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td rowspan="2">Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection USP 100 mg/ mL</td>
			<td rowspan="2">Ketalean</td>
			<td rowspan="2">DIN 00612316</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylazine Injection 20 mg/mL</td>
			<td>Rompum</td>
			<td>DIN 02169592</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketoprofen Injection 100 mg/mL</td>
			<td>Anafen</td>
			<td>DIN 01938126</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Butorphanol Tartrate&#160;injection 10 mg/mL</td>
			<td>Torbugesic</td>
			<td>DIN 008450000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine Injection 0.3 mg/mL</td>
			<td>Reckitt Benckiser</td>
			<td>B.N. 5241</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Atipamezole hydrochloride sterile injectable solution</td>
			<td>Antisedan</td>
			<td>DIN 02237744</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin Sodium Injection, USP, 1000 units/mL</td>
			<td>McKesson Distribution</td>
			<td>DIN 02264315</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tears naturale ophthalmic ointment</td>
			<td>Alcon</td>
			<td>DIN 02082519</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereomicroscope</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>M80</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% Sodium Chloride, sterile</td>
			<td>Baxter Corporation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lactated Ringer&#8217;s solution, sterile</td>
			<td>Baxter Corporation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, sterile, 10 mL</td>
			<td>Baxter Corporation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alcohol Prep Pads</td>
			<td>Loris</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Povidone Iodine</td>
			<td>Betadine</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chlorohexidine Gluconate 4% w/v</td>
			<td>Germi-Stat</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Black Polyamide Monofilament</td>
			<td>AROSurgical Instruments</td>
			<td rowspan="2">T4A10Q07</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suture, 10-0 suture, 70 microns</td>
			<td>Corporation</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Blue monofilament suture 5-0, P3 needle</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8698G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 ml Syringe</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 309659</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 ml Syringe</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 309604</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1cc TB insulin syringe with 28G 1/2</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 309309</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>25G 7/8, hypodermic needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 305124</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>27G 1/2, hypodermic needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 305109</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Colibri Retractor- 1.5cm spread 4cm</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>17000-04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>S&#38;T CAF-4 Clip applying forceps, without lock</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>00072-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Supergrip forceps, S&#38;T</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>00632-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Medical No.5 forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11253-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lexer Baby Scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14078-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro Adson forceps serrated</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11018-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vannas-Tubingen microscissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>15003-08</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro clamps, b-1; 3.5mm x 1mm; 7mm length</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>00396-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Graefe-forceps, 10cm 1x2 teeth</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11054-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Castroviejo with lock and tungsten jaws</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>12565-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot glass bead sterilizer</td>
			<td>Inotech 250</td>
			<td>IS-250 - Steri-250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Non-woven gauzes</td>
			<td>Progene</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cotton Tipped Applicators</td>
			<td>Puritan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Beard Trimmer</td>
			<td>Wahl</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heating pad</td>
			<td>Sunbeam</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

mouse model of alloimmune-induced vascular rejection and transplant arteriosclerosis

Vascular rejection that leads to transplant arteriosclerosis (TA) is the leading representation of chronic heart transplant failure. In TA, the immune system of the recipient causes damage of the arterial wall and dysfunction of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. This triggers a pathological repair response that is characterized by intimal thickening and luminal occlusion. Understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system causes vasculature rejection and TA may inform the development of novel ways to manage graft failure. Here, we describe a mouse aortic interposition model that can be used to study the pathogenic mechanisms of vascular rejection and TA. The model involves grafting of an aortic segment from a donor animal into an allogeneic recipient. Rejection of the artery segment involves alloimmune reactions and results in arterial changes that resemble vascular rejection. The basic technical approach we describe can be used with different mouse strains and targeted interventions to answer specific questions related to vascular rejection and TA.

Neste modelo, a aorta abdominal de um rato Balb / CYJ é interposta na aorta infra-renal de um C57BL / 6 destinatário. Isto permite uma avaliação abrangente de aloimunes respostas que visam artérias aloenxerto. Lesão vascular mediada imunologicamente neste modelo inicia respostas reparadoras vasculares que culminam em espessamento da íntima, estreitamento luminal e recrutamento de células imunitárias (Figuras 1 e 2). Estes critérios, em seguida, servir como um ler-out para a gr...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Mouse Model of Alloimmune-induced Vascular Rejection and Transplant Arteriosclerosis at JoVE.com

Mouse Model of Alloimmune-induced Vascular Rejection and Transplant Arteriosclerosis

We describe a protocol for aortic interposition grafting in mice. The goal of the protocol is to provide a model with which to study pathological processes and therapeutic strategies relevant to alloimmune reactions in arteries and the resultant arterial changes that contribute to organ transplant failure.

Modelo rato de rejeição vascular induzida por Aloimune e Transplante Arteriosclerose

Vascular rejection that leads to transplant arteriosclerosis (TA) is the leading representation of chronic heart transplant failure. In TA, the immune ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Mouse Complete Stasis Model of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Modelo do mouse completa de Stasis Inferior Trombose da veia cava

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).  In the United States (U.S.), the high morbidity and ...

Medicina

Mouse Models for Graft Arteriosclerosis

Os modelos de mouse para Arteriosclerose Graft

Graft arteriosclerois (GA),  also called allograft vasculopathy, is a pathologic lesion that develops over  months to years in transplanted organs ...

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Aspectos técnicos da artocava Fístula Rato

Technical aspects of creating an arteriovenous fistula in the mouse are discussed. Under general anesthesia, an abdominal incision is made, and the aorta ...

Murine Heterotopic Heart Transplant Technique

Técnica de transplante heterotópico Murino Coração

It is now over forty years since this technique was first reported by Corry, Wynn and Russell. Although it took some years for other labs to become ...

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Rato Transplante Renal: Modelos de rejeição de enxertos

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely ...

Ferric Chloride-induced Thrombosis Mouse Model on Carotid Artery and Mesentery Vessel

Férrico Thrombosis Modelo rato na artéria carótida e Mesentery Vessel induzida por Chloride

Severe thrombosis and its ischemic consequences such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism and stroke are major worldwide health issues. The ferric ...

Intraluminal Drug Delivery to the Mouse Arteriovenous Fistula Endothelium

Drug Delivery intraluminal para o Rato Fístula Arteriovenosa endotélio

Delivery of therapeutic agents to enhance arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation can be administered either via intraluminal or external routes. The ...

Using the Sleeve Technique in a Mouse Model of Aortic Transplantation - An Instructional Video

Usando a técnica de manga em um modelo do rato da transplantação da aorta - um vídeo instrutivo

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the ...

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of &#946;-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

Quantitative Micro-CT Analysis of Aortopathy in a Mouse Model of ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-aminopropionitrile-induced Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

Análise quantitativa de Micro-CT de Aortopathy em um modelo do rato de β-aminopropionitrile-induzida de aneurisma da aorta e dissecação

Aortic aneurysm and dissection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the population and can be highly lethal. While animal models of ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Medição de contratilidade isométrica da artéria mesentérica Mouse usando fio miografia

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...