Name: a method to inflict closed head traumatic brain injury in drosophila
Uploaded: 2015-06-30T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila at JoVE.com

这项工作是由卫生部资助，R01 AG033620（BG）全国学院和罗伯特 - 德雷珀技术创新资金（DAW）的支持。

1.构造的HIT设备的<ol><li>装上弹簧用两个夹子和四个螺丝（ 图1A）董事会。相对于中心到电路板的宽度夹具和对接起来反对另一个与电路板的边缘外夹紧齐平。前附接夹具，用钳子为紧密地装配在弹簧弯曲它们。 注：请参阅表1的要求构建HIT装置的材料的说明。弹簧的固定端应该从板的边缘1/8英寸（3.2毫米），以及自由端应延伸到板由3/4英寸（19毫米）。调整弹簧使?...

<ol>
	<li>Harrison-Felix, C. L., Whiteneck, G. G., Jha, A., DeVivo, M. J., Hammond, F. M., Hart, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mortality+over+four+decades+after+traumatic+brain+injury+rehabilitation:+A+retrospective+cohort+study.">Mortality over four decades after traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: A retrospective cohort study.</a> Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 90, 1506-1513 (2009).</li><li>Coronado, V. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surveillance+for+traumatic+brain+injury-related+deaths+&#8211;+United+States.">Surveillance for traumatic brain injury-related deaths &#8211; United States.</a> MMWR Surveill Summ. 60, 1-32 (1997).</li><li>Masel, B., DeWitt, D. 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所述HIT器件的方法是从由它引起闭头而不是穿透TBI 11的事实造成外伤性损伤的苍蝇等方法区分。此外，HIT器件的方法花费较少的时间，精力和技能造成的TBI许多苍蝇，所以该方法比其它方法来大规模遗传筛选更适合。最后，一​​个事实，即对HIT设备造成主伤害不限于大脑既是限制和优点。它是一种限制，因为附加的研究来评估表型是否是由于外伤性损伤的大脑或其他身体部位。另一方?...

An author's name was corrected in the publication of <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52905">A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila</a>. The second to last author's was spelled incorrectly. It has been updated from:
Barry Ganetky
to:
Barry Ganetzky

An author's name was corrected in the publication of <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52905">A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila</a>.

Erratum: A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila

创伤性脑损伤（TBI），从外部机械力定义为损伤到大脑。最常见的是，自闭头的力量TBI的结果，如钝力和惯性加速和减速的力量导致大脑罢工颅骨里面。在美国，据估计，50,000人每年死于脑外伤和2.5-6.5亿人患有TBI的后果，包括衰弱的身体，认知和行为问题1,2。 TBI的后果不仅由于一次侧机械损伤大脑而且还发生在时间3-5次级细胞和分子的伤害到大脑以及其他组织。的方法来诊断和治疗TBI的发展已被证明是困难的，因为TBI是一种复杂的疾病过程。主要受伤，人体生理学和环境因素的变化性质导致异构辅助Injuries和病理。底层可变因素包括原发性损伤的个体的严重程度，重复初级损伤之间的时间，以及患者的年龄和基因型。如何理解每个变量因素有助于TBI的后果是可能的方法来诊断和治疗TBI 6,7的发展提供帮助。 在这里，我们描述了用于造成闭头TBI 果蝇 （果蝇），可用于描绘的可变因素的TBI的后果的贡献的方法。该方法是基于强烈反对击球手的手掌一飞文化小瓶的侧面造成野生型的初步观察苍蝇成为暂时丧失劳动能力，TBI的可能后果。因此，我们构建了高撞击伤（HIT）设备从手击球动作概括的加速和减速的力量。一个高速电影显示，从单一的罢工HIT设备导致飞往多次与他们的头部和身体接触8小瓶墙。从某种程度上说，所有接触都可能造成飞大脑弹和对变形头壳，类似于发生在人类的跌倒和车祸9什么。因此，苍蝇与脑损伤，包括暂时失能跟着共济失调，流动性逐步恢复，在头部基因表达的变化，并逐步在神经退行性大脑10相一致的HIT装置显示的表型治疗。因此，HIT设备使得有可能使用的实验工具和苍蝇开发的技术的巨大军火库研究TBI。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Zinc plated compression spring</td>
			<td>The Hillman&#160; Group</td>
			<td>540189</td>
			<td>9 7/8 in (length), 15/16 in (outer diameter), 0.12 in (wire size)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Wooden board</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>9 in (length), 6.5 in (width), 0.75 in (height)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clamps</td>
			<td>Sigma Electrical Manufacturing Corporation</td>
			<td>49822</td>
			<td>3.10 in (length), 0.68 in (width), 1.11 in (height), EMT Two Hole Straps, click on type for 1 inch steel EMT conduit</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Loop half of self-adhesive velcro</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>3 in (length), (3/4 in width)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyurethane ice bucket cover</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>02-591-45</td>
			<td>9 1/8 in (length), 9 1/8 in (width), 1 1/4 in (height)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Plastic fly vials</td>
			<td>Applied Scientific</td>
			<td>AS-510</td>
			<td>3 11/16 in (height), 1 1/16 in (inner diameter), 1 1/8 in (outer diameter)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large cotton balls</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>22-456-883</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paper protractor</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>10 in (diameter)</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a method to inflict closed head traumatic brain injury in drosophila

创伤性脑损伤（TBI）影响数以百万计的人，每年造成的身体，认知和行为功能和死亡的损害。使用果蝇研究在理解神经过程贡献重要突破。因此，随着理解人类TBI病理的细胞和分子基础的目标，​​我们制定了高撞击伤（HIT）设备造成闭头TBI的苍蝇。苍蝇受到人类TBI一致的HIT装置显示的表型，如暂时失能和渐进神经退行性疾病。所述HIT设备使用基于弹簧的机构，以推动苍蝇对小瓶的壁上，造成机械损伤对苍蝇大脑。该设备是便宜的，并易于构造，其操作简便，快速，和它产生可重复的结果。因此，HIT设备可与现有的实验工具和技术，苍蝇处理基本组合有关TBI问题，这可能会导致诊断和治疗TBI的发展。特别是，HIT装置可用于执行大规模遗传筛选以了解TBI病理的遗传基础。

我们感兴趣的是理解为什么原发性损伤苍蝇后不久死亡。量化死亡，我们确定在24小时的死亡率指数（MI 24），这是苍蝇该内的原发性损伤的24小时死亡的百分比。蝇从HIT设备进行打击孵育在25℃下与飞食品小瓶，和死蝇数24小时后进行计数。我们使用这种方法来确定影响的MI 24因素，发现MI 24不受苍蝇在小瓶中（10〜60苍蝇被测试）的数量，重复的撞击之间的时间（1到60分钟?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila at JoVE.com

A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila

在这里，我们描述了一种方法，在果蝇造成闭合性颅脑创伤性脑损伤（TBI）。此方法提供了一种网关，调查所依据使用的实验工具和技术可用于苍蝇繁多TBI病症的细胞和分子机制。

方法对敌人造成闭合性颅脑创伤性脑损伤<em&gt;果蝇</em

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of people each year, causing impairment of physical, cognitive, and behavioral functions and death. Studies ...

Research

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A Method to Inflict Closed Head Traumatic Brain Injury in Drosophila

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) research has attained renewed momentum due to the increasing awareness of head injuries, which result in morbidity and ...

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Stereotactic Atlas-Guided Laser Capture Microdissection of Brain Regions Affected by Traumatic Injury

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The ability to isolate specific brain regions of interest can be impeded in tissue disassociation techniques that do not preserve their spatial ...

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Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in military and civilian populations. Blast traumatic brain injury results from the ...

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Though there have been studies on the histopathological and behavioral effects of blast exposure, fewer have been dedicated to blast&#39;s cerebral ...

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Increasing evidence shows that the microbiota-gut-brain axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of brain diseases. Several studies also ...

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使用轻度创伤性脑损伤的清醒闭合性头部损伤模型评估突触可塑性的变化

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are a prevalent health issue in North America. There is increasing pressure to utilize ecologically valid models of ...

Intravital Imaging of Fluorescent Protein Expression in Mice with a Closed-Skull Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Window Using a Two-Photon Microscope

使用双光子显微镜对闭合颅骨创伤性脑损伤和颅窗小鼠荧光蛋白表达进行活体成像

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