Name: cardiac pressure-volume loop analysis using conductance catheters in mice
Uploaded: 2015-09-17T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cardiac Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis Using Conductance Catheters in Mice at JoVE.com

这项工作是由美国心脏协会14FTF20370058（DMA）和美国国立卫生研究院T32 HL007101-35（DMA）的支持。

1.电导导管准备和压力校准<ol><li>电导导管连接至血流动力学导管模块。电子校准压力和体积测量通过记录预设的压力和体积的导管模块上设置。记录0毫米汞柱和25毫米汞柱（图1A）一个跟踪和分配的电压到两个压力描记（图1B 和1C）。同样地，记录5 RVU和25 RVU（图1D）的体积跟踪和分配的电压到两个体积描记（1E和1F）。 </li><li>确认与手动压力校...

<ol>
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我们描述了使用小鼠电导导管，以获得两个心脏收缩和舒张的综合分析perfoming压力 - 容积环分析的方法。菅佐川急便和他 ​​的同事利用压力容积循环，以确定心脏收缩的措施，在ESPVR专门的坡度，或收缩末期弹性（E ES）和E 最大 。顺应性，通过压力的比率定义为体积（P / V），上变化收缩的持续时间。在每个心脏收缩，瞬时弹性度是依赖于心脏速率和心肌收缩力，但在很大程度...

心脏压力容积环分析提供心脏功能的详细信息，其中的金标准功能评估1。虽然诸如超声心动图或心脏MRI成像技术提供的功能的措施，这些措施在很大程度上取决于负载条件。心脏收缩和舒张的负载独立的措施需要心室压力和体积的关系在一定范围内的前后负荷的动态测量。压力容积关系的这种认识源于佐川急便和同事2,3的开创性工作。他们在体外灌注犬心脏表明，压力容积环衍生收缩措施是独立的负载条件4。 在这些分析的体内应用成为可能的传导导管在20世纪80年代的发展。这使得嘉的技术进步SS和他的同事进行的人类5,6压力-容积环分析。电导导管和改进手术技术在上世纪90年代7小型化由啮齿类动物心脏功能分析是可行的，允许遗传和药理学研究被执行。这一进步此后引发广泛使用的压力容积环分析，并产生了大量的洞察哺乳动物心脏生理。 在使用电导导管，并从中获得的数据的解释的一个关键概念是体积和电导之间的关系。电导是负相关的电压，这是使用与近侧放置电极，通常放在下面的主动脉瓣，和远侧，在LV尖8的导管测量。被改变电压或电导的变化电流从近端到远端电极的测量。虽然血池贡献š显著电导，心室壁的贡献，称为并联电导（V p）的 ，以测得的电导必须减去，以获得绝对的LV体积测量。 所述的方法来执行此校正，称为盐水校准，在下面的协议进行了讨论。电导和体积之间的数学关系，由班和同事描述的是体积= 1 /α; （ρL 2）（GG p），其中 α=均匀的场校正系数，ρ=电阻率血液，L为电极之间的距离，G =电导和 G p值=非血液电导9。值得注意的是，在小鼠的统一场校正系数接近1.0，由于小室容积10。再加上压力传感器，电导导管提供实时同步的压力和体积数据。 心脏PRESSU再卷分析呈现特别优势的心脏功能的其他措施，因为它们允许用于心室功能独立的负载条件和心脏速率的测量。收缩的具体负载无关的心脏指标包括：收缩末期压力容积关系（ESPVR），D P / D T最大末端舒张末期容积关系，最大顺应性（E max）和预加载recruitable工作行程（PRSW）。舒张功能的负载无关的指标是舒张末期压力容积关系（EDPVR）11。以下协议描述心脏的压力容积环分析的行为，同时使用一个颈动脉和顶部的方法。虽然进行这些研究的方法进行了详细先前8,11进行了说明，我们将审查的关键步骤，以获得精确的压力容积测量，包括盐水和试管校准修正，并提供THES的可视化演示Ë程序。研究与开展这项研究的动物按批准的方案和杜克大学医学中心的机构动物护理和使用委员会的动物福利法规进行处理。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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			<td>AnaSed (xylazine)&#160;</td>
			<td>Lloyd Laboratories</td>
			<td>NADA no. 139-236</td>
			<td>Anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
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			<td>Ketaset (ketamine)</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td>440842</td>
			<td>Anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VIP3000</td>
			<td>Matrx Medical Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Anesthesia machine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ventilator</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>Model 683</td>
			<td>Surgical Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tubing kit</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>72-1049</td>
			<td>Surgical Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Homeothermic Blanket&#160;</td>
			<td>Kaz Inc.</td>
			<td>5628</td>
			<td>Surgical Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereo microscope</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Optical Inc.</td>
			<td>Stemi 2000</td>
			<td>Surgical Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Illuminator</td>
			<td>Cole&#8211;Parmer</td>
			<td>41720</td>
			<td>Surgical Equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont no. 55 Dumostar Forceps&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>11295-51</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
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			<td>Graefe forceps, curved&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>11052-10</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
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			<td>Moria MC31 forceps&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>11370-31</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
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			<td>Mayo scissors&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>14512-15</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iris scissors&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>14041-10</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halsey needle holder&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>12501-13</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
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			<td>Olsen&#8211;Hegar needle holder&#160;</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>12002-12</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
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			<td>spring scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools Inc</td>
			<td>15610-08</td>
			<td>Surgical Instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>disposable underpads</td>
			<td>Kendall/Tyco Healthcare</td>
			<td>1038</td>
			<td>Surgical Supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile gauze sponges, sterile&#160;</td>
			<td>Dukal</td>
			<td>62208</td>
			<td>Surgical Supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cotton-tipped applicators, sterile&#160;</td>
			<td>Solon</td>
			<td>368</td>
			<td>Surgical Supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical suture,&#160; silk, 6-0&#160;</td>
			<td>DemeTECH</td>
			<td>FT-639-1</td>
			<td>Surgical Supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 cc Insulin syringes&#160;</td>
			<td>Becton Dickenson</td>
			<td>329412</td>
			<td>Surgical Supplies</td>
		</tr>
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			<td>Access-9&#8482; Hemostasis Valve</td>
			<td>Merit Medical&#160;</td>
			<td>MAP111</td>
			<td>Hemodynamic equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sphygmomanometer</td>
			<td>Baumanometer</td>
			<td>320</td>
			<td>Hemodynamic equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Millar PV system MPVS-300/400 or MPVS Ultra (includes calibration cuvette)</td>
			<td>ADInstruments Inc</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Hemodynamic equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.4F conductance catheter&#160;</td>
			<td>ADInstruments Inc</td>
			<td>SPR-839</td>
			<td>Hemodynamic equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PowerLab 4/30 with Chart Pro</td>
			<td>ADInstruments Inc.</td>
			<td>ML866/P</td>
			<td>Hemodynamic software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>animal clipper</td>
			<td>Wahl</td>
			<td>8787-450A</td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Intradermic tubing PE-10 (Becton Dickinson, cat. no. )</td>
			<td>Becton Dickenson</td>
			<td>427401</td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Intradermic tubing PE-50 (Becton Dickinson, cat. no.)</td>
			<td>Becton Dickenson</td>
			<td>427411</td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle assortment (18, 25 and 30 gauge; Thomas Scientific)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9% (wt/vol) sodium chloride injection, USP , cat. no. )</td>
			<td>Hospira</td>
			<td>NDC no. 0409-4888-50</td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical tape</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alconox (Alconox Inc.) for catheter cleaning</td>
			<td>ADInstruments Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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cardiac pressure-volume loop analysis using conductance catheters in mice

Cardiac pressure-volume loop analysis is the &#8220;gold-standard&#8221; in the assessment of load-dependent and load-independent measures of ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Measures of ventricular contractility and compliance are obtained through examination of cardiac response to changes in afterload and preload. These techniques were originally developed nearly three decades ago to measure cardiac function in large mammals and humans. The application of these analyses to small mammals, such as mice, has been accomplished through the optimization of microsurgical techniques and creation of conductance catheters. Conductance catheters allow for estimation of the blood pool by exploiting the relationship between electrical conductance and volume. When properly performed, these techniques allow for testing of cardiac function in genetic mutant mouse models or in drug treatment studies. The accuracy and precision of these studies are dependent on careful attention to the calibration of instruments, systematic conduct of hemodynamic measurements and data analyses. We will review the methods of conducting pressure-volume loop experiments using a conductance catheter in mice.

压力-容积环分析可以用于测量在基因修饰的小鼠14,15或小鼠接受药物研究16心脏功能。代表压力容积环是由以前发表的著作16提供的调查β-arrestin的效果偏向AT1受体配体，TRV120023。为了测试TRV120023是否影响在体内的心脏功能，在接收到传统的和新颖的血管紧张素受体 ​​阻滞剂的野生型小鼠中进行压力-容积环分析。 TRV120023静脉滴注增强心肌收缩显著（</...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Cardiac Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis Using Conductance Catheters in Mice at JoVE.com

Cardiac Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis Using Conductance Catheters in Mice

Cardiac pressure-volume loop analysis is the most comprehensive way to measure cardiac function in the intact heart. We describe a technique to perform and analyze cardiac pressure volume loops, using conductance catheters.

心脏压力容量环分析小鼠使用电导导管

Cardiac pressure-volume loop analysis is the &#8220;gold-standard&#8221; in the assessment of load-dependent and load-independent measures of ventricular ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

膜片钳和灌注技术研究离子通道的表达爪蟾卵母细胞

The protocol presented here is designed to study the activation of the large conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels. The protocol may ...

科研

生物学

Bioengineering Human Microvascular Networks in Immunodeficient Mice

生物人类免疫缺陷小鼠的微血管网络

The future of tissue engineering and cell-based therapies for tissue regeneration will likely rely on our ability to generate functional vascular networks ...

Expression and Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Expression and Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节蛋白表达和纯化酿酒酵母

The  cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a chloride  channel, that when mutated, can give rise to cystic fibrosis in  ...

Measurement of Leaf Hydraulic Conductance and Stomatal Conductance and Their Responses to Irradiance and Dehydration Using the Evaporative Flux Method (EFM)

Measurement of Leaf Hydraulic Conductance and Stomatal Conductance and Their Responses to Irradiance and Dehydration Using the Evaporative Flux Method EFM

测量叶片导水率和气孔导度和他们的反应，辐射和脱水蒸发通量法（EFM）

Water is a key resource, and the plant water transport system sets limits on maximum growth and drought tolerance. When plants open their stomata to ...

Intravital Microscopy of the Microcirculation in the Mouse Cremaster Muscle for the Analysis of Peripheral Stem Cell Migration

在鼠标提睾肌为外周干细胞迁移分析的微循环活体显微镜

In the era of intravascular cell application protocols in the context of regenerative cell therapy, the underlying mechanisms of stem cell migration to ...

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节蛋白表达纯化<em&gt;酿酒酵母</em

Defects in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein cause cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disease that ...

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis

新技术脱发的定量分析小鼠使用灰度分析

Alopecia is a common form of hair loss which can occur in many different conditions, including male-pattern hair loss, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and ...

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits

与气孔导度，以叶功能性状

Leaf functional traits are important because they reflect physiological functions, such as transpiration and carbon assimilation. In particular, ...

Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice

对离体乳头肌的心脏收缩力对小鼠的研究收缩尺寸

Papillary muscle isolated from adult mouse hearts can be used to study cardiac contractility during different physiological/pathological conditions. The ...

Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse

测量压力容量环中的鼠标

Understanding the causes and progression of heart disease presents a significant challenge to the biomedical community. The genetic flexibility of the ...