Name: a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress for understanding stress-induced behavioral and physiological deficits
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits at JoVE.com

Forfatterne takker Drs. Kentaro Nagaoka (Tokyo University of Agriculture og teknologi) og Wataru Iio (Ibaraki Prefecture) for den hjælpsomme diskussion. Denne forskning blev støttet delvist af Ibaraki University Samarbejde mellem landbrug og Medical Science (IUCAM) (The MEXT, Japan) og forskningsprojekt om udvikling af landbrugsprodukter og fødevarer med Sundhedsfremmende fordele (NARO) (The MAFF, Japan) .

Undersøgelserne dyr blev godkendt af og mødte retningslinjerne i både Animal Care og brug Udvalg Ibaraki Universitet og Ministeriet for Uddannelse Kultur, Sport, Videnskab og Teknologi (MEXT), Japan (Notification No.71). En komplet oversigt over protokollen er vist i figur 1. 1. Apparatur <ol><li> Forbered to slags bure: et enkelt bur (bredde [W] × dybde [D] × højde [H] = 143 mm × 293 mm × 148 mm), og en &quot;social nederlag (SD)&quot; bur (B × D × H = 220 mm ×...

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Der var endelige forskelle i legemsvægt mellem sCSDS mus og værdipapircentraler mus udsat for standard værdipapircentraler protokol (5 til 10 min for fysisk kontakt med aggressive per dag) 19. De sCSDS mus viste øget BWG løbet stress periode, mens de standard værdipapircentraler mus viste et fald i kropsvægt i løbet stress perioden 21,22,23. Der er en væsentlig forskel mellem de to protokoller i form af den samlede varighed af fysisk kontakt med aggressorerne under den 10-dag stress period...

Mange typer af stressende begivenheder forekomme i hele livet for mennesker. Overdreven stress fører ofte til skadelige fysiologiske konsekvenser hos mennesker og dyr. Hos mennesker, stressende begivenheder er væsentlige risikofaktorer for bundfældning psykiatriske lidelser som depression 1. En globale sygdomsbyrde undersøgelse viste, at depression er en af de mest invaliderende sygdomme i form af handicap leveår (DALYs) og år levet med handicap 2. Desuden depression tegner sig for den største andel af selvmord DALY 3. Mennesker, der lider af depression har svært ved at styre deres liv, og som et resultat, deres livskvalitet ofte forværres. Der er derfor et stærkt behov for at udvikle effektive lægemidler til at forbedre livskvaliteten hos disse patienter. Mange undersøgelser er blevet udført på depressive lidelser, og har afsløret, at den genetiske bidrag til sygdom susceptibility er ca 30-40%, hvilket skyldes effekten af multiple loci af små effekter 4. På grund af de komplekse patogene mekanismer, der ligger depression, den detaljerede sygdommens ætiologi stadig uklar. Kliniske rapporter viser, at der er undertyper af depression såsom melankolsk og atypisk depression 5, som viser reduceret og øget kropsvægt, henholdsvis 6. Selv om 25-30% og 15-30% af patienter med depression repræsenterer rene melankolske og atypiske træk, henholdsvis de fleste af dem har blandede træk fra begge subtyper 7. Derfor svær depression har en lang række symptomer. For at finde biomarkører og udvikle objektive terapeutiske midler til de forskellige typer af depression hos mennesker, er det vigtigt at etablere flere forskellige dyremodeller for depression 8. Dyredepressionsmodeller er blevet etableret ved hjælp af flere tilgange, herunder lærthjælpeløshed, kronisk uforudsigelige mild stress, og kronisk sociale nederlag stress (CSD&#39;er) 9-12. Toyoda og kolleger etableret Værdipapircentralerne modeller af rotter og mus 13-17 med henblik på at belyse metabolisme og adfærd, der er forbundet med depression. Da dyremodeller for depression vurderes af ansigt gyldighed 18, den kontekst, som modellen er etableret, er vigtig. Desuden Golden et al. 19 rapporterede metoder til at skabe CSD mus i detaljer. Det vides, at underskuddene i sociale adfærd værdipapircentraler mus kan genvindes ved kronisk behandling, men ikke af akut behandling, med antidepressiva, og at de deler symptomer svarende til dem i patienter med depression i form af reguleringen af ​​hjernens neurotrofisk faktor 6. Goto et al. 13 tidligere udviklet den subkroniske og mild sociale nederlag stress (sCSDS) musemodel ved at ændre de metoder,af Golden et al. 19. De sCSDS mus viser polydipsia- og hyperfagi-lignende symptomer efter gevinster i kropsvægt og øget krop vandindhold 13. I denne rapport, er protokollen for oprettelse af sCSDS musemodel leveres, og vi diskuterer nytten af ​​denne model.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>single cage</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>width [W] &#215; depth [D] &#215; height [H] = 143 &#215; 293 &#215; 148 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>M cage</td>
			<td>Natsume Seisakusho</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>W &#215; D &#215; H = 220 &#215; 320 &#215; 135 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Whiteflake</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Wood-shaving chips made from spruce trees</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AIN-93G</td>
			<td>Oriental Yeast</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>purified-diet food pellets</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimtowel</td>
			<td>Nippon Paper Crecia Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Paper towels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>open-field arena</td>
			<td>O&#8217;Hara &#38; Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>made of gray polyvinylchloride</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress for understanding stress-induced behavioral and physiological deficits

Stressful life events often increase the incidence of depression in humans. To study the mechanisms of depression, the development of animal models of depression is essential. Because there are several types of depression, various animal models are needed for a deeper understanding of the disorder. Previously, a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress (sCSDS) using a modified chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm was established. In the paradigm, to reduce physical injuries from aggressors, the duration of physical contact between the aggressor and a subordinate was reduced compared to in the original CSDS paradigm. sCSDS mice showed increased body weight gain, food intake, and water intake during the stress period, and their social behaviors were suppressed after the stress period. In terms of the face validity of the stress-induced overeating and overdrinking following the increased body weight gain, the sCSDS mice may show some features related to atypical depression in humans. Thus, a mouse model of sCSDS may be useful for studying the pathogenic mechanisms underlying depression. This protocol will help establish the sCSDS mouse model, especially for studying the mechanisms underlying stress-induced weight gain and polydipsia- and hyperphagia-like symptoms.

For at overvåge graden af fysisk stress for i løbet af de 10-dages perioder, blev antallet af angreb bid af ICR mus manuelt optalt af en forsker. Figur 5A viser de individuelle værdier for antallet af angreb bid modtaget. Der var en betydelig variation i den tidlige fase (ca. 10-120 bites på dag 1), men dette blev reduceret variabilitet i senere tidspunkt (ca. 5-20 bites på dag 10). Figur 5B viser, at det gennemsnitlige antal angreb bites modtaget faldt gradvist over tid, fordi var...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits at JoVE.com

A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits

Her er metoder til at udvikle en musemodel af subkronisk og mild sociale nederlag stress beskrevet og anvendt til at undersøge de patogene træk ved depression, herunder hyperphagia- og polydipsi-lignende symptomer efter øget kropsvægt.

En musemodel af Subkronisk og Mild Social nederlag stress for Understanding Stress-induceret adfærdsmæssige og fysiologiske Underskud

Stressful life events often increase the incidence of depression in humans. To study the mechanisms of depression, the development of animal models of ...

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