Name: a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress for understanding stress-induced behavioral and physiological deficits
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits at JoVE.com

Författarna tackar Dr.. Kentaro Nagaoka (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) och Wataru Iio (Ibaraki Prefecture) för bra diskussion. Denna forskning stöds delvis av Ibaraki University Samarbetet mellan jordbruk och medicinsk vetenskap (IUCAM) (The MEXT, Japan) och forskningsprojekt om utveckling av jordbruksprodukter och livsmedel med Hälsofrämjande fördelar (NARO) (MAFF, Japan) .

Djurstudier har godkänts av och träffade riktlinjerna i både Animal Care och användning kommittén om Ibaraki universitet och undervisningsministeriet kultur, sport, vetenskap och teknik (MEXT), Japan (Anmälan No.71). En fullständig översikt av protokollet visas i figur 1. 1. Apparat <ol><li> Bered två typer av burar: en enda bur (bredd [W] x djup [D] × höjd [H] = 143 mm × 293 mm × 148 mm), och en &quot;social nederlag (SD)&quot; bur (B × D ×...

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Det fanns slutgiltiga skillnad i kroppsvikt mellan sCSDS möss och kolsyrade läskedrycker möss genomgå standard kolsyrade läskedrycker protokollet (fem till 10 min av fysisk kontakt med angriparna per dag) 19. De sCSDS möss visade ökad BWG under stressperioden, medan de vanliga värdepapperscentralerna möss visade en minskning i kroppsvikt under stressperioden 21,22,23. Det finns en väsentlig skillnad mellan de två protokollen i fråga om den totala varaktigheten av fysisk kontakt med angr...

Många typer av stressande händelser inträffar hela livet för människor. Överdriven stress leder ofta till skadliga fysiologiska konsekvenser i människor och djur. Hos människor, stressande händelser är viktiga riskfaktorer för utfällning av psykiska störningar såsom depression 1. En Global Burden of Disease studien visade att depression är en av de mest handikappande sjukdomar i termer av funktionsjusterade levnadsår (DALY) och år levde med funktionsnedsättning 2. Dessutom står depression för den största andelen av självmords DALY 3. Personer som lider av depression har svårt att hantera sina liv, och som ett resultat, ofta försämrar deras livskvalitet. Därför finns det ett stort behov av att utveckla effektiva läkemedel för att förbättra livskvaliteten hos dessa patienter. Många studier har utförts på egentlig depression och har visat att det genetiska bidraget till sjukdoms susceptibility är cirka 30-40%, vilket förklaras av effekterna av multipel loci av små effekter 4. På grund av de komplexa patogena mekanismerna bakom depression, detaljerad etiologi av sjukdomen fortfarande instabil. Kliniska rapporter visar att det finns subtyper av depression såsom melankolisk och atypisk depression 5, som visar reducerade och ökade kroppsvikt, respektive 6. Trots att 25-30% och 15-30% av patienterna med depression utgör rena melankoliska och atypiska funktioner, respektive, de flesta av dem har blandade funktioner i båda subtyper 7. Därför har depression ett brett spektrum av symptom. För att hitta biomarkörer och utveckla objektiva läkemedel för olika typer av depression hos människor, är det viktigt att införa flera olika djurmodeller av depression 8. Djurmodeller för depression har fastställts med hjälp av flera metoder, bland annat lärt sighjälplöshet, kronisk oförutsägbara mild stress och kronisk social nederlag stress (CSD) 9-12. Toyoda och kollegor etablerade värdepapperscentralerna modeller av råttor och möss 13-17 i syfte att belysa ämnesomsättningen och beteenden som är förknippade med depression. Med tanke på att djurmodeller för depression utvärderas av ansiktet giltighet 18, är viktig sammanhang där modellen är etablerad. Dessutom al. Golden et 19 rapporterade metoderna för att skapa värdepapperscentraler möss i detalj. Det är känt att underskotten i socialt beteende värdepapperscentraler möss kan återvinnas genom kronisk behandling, men inte av akut behandling, med antidepressiva läkemedel, och att de delar symptom liknande dem hos patienter med depression när det gäller regleringen av hjärnans neurotrofisk faktor sex. Goto et al. 13 tidigare utvecklat subkronisk och mild social nederlag spänning (sCSDS) musmodell genom att ändra metoderGolden et al. 19. De sCSDS möss visar polydipsia- och hyperfagi liknande symptom efter vinster i kroppsvikt och ökad kroppsvatteninnehåll 13. I denna rapport, är protokollet för att fastställa sCSDS musmodellen tillhandahålls och vi diskuterar nyttan av denna modell.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>single cage</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>width [W] &#215; depth [D] &#215; height [H] = 143 &#215; 293 &#215; 148 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>M cage</td>
			<td>Natsume Seisakusho</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>W &#215; D &#215; H = 220 &#215; 320 &#215; 135 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Whiteflake</td>
			<td>Charles River Laboratories Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Wood-shaving chips made from spruce trees</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AIN-93G</td>
			<td>Oriental Yeast</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>purified-diet food pellets</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kimtowel</td>
			<td>Nippon Paper Crecia Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Paper towels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>open-field arena</td>
			<td>O&#8217;Hara &#38; Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>made of gray polyvinylchloride</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress for understanding stress-induced behavioral and physiological deficits

Stressful life events often increase the incidence of depression in humans. To study the mechanisms of depression, the development of animal models of depression is essential. Because there are several types of depression, various animal models are needed for a deeper understanding of the disorder. Previously, a mouse model of subchronic and mild social defeat stress (sCSDS) using a modified chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm was established. In the paradigm, to reduce physical injuries from aggressors, the duration of physical contact between the aggressor and a subordinate was reduced compared to in the original CSDS paradigm. sCSDS mice showed increased body weight gain, food intake, and water intake during the stress period, and their social behaviors were suppressed after the stress period. In terms of the face validity of the stress-induced overeating and overdrinking following the increased body weight gain, the sCSDS mice may show some features related to atypical depression in humans. Thus, a mouse model of sCSDS may be useful for studying the pathogenic mechanisms underlying depression. This protocol will help establish the sCSDS mouse model, especially for studying the mechanisms underlying stress-induced weight gain and polydipsia- and hyperphagia-like symptoms.

Att övervaka graden av fysisk stress för de 10-dagarsperioderna, har antalet attack bites av ICR möss manuellt räknas av en forskare. Figur 5A visar de individuella värdena för antalet attack bites mottagna. Det fanns betydande variabilitet i ett tidigt skede (ca 10-120 bites på dag 1), men denna variation reducerades i senare skede (ca 5-20 bites på dag 10). Figur 5B visar att det genomsnittliga antalet attack bites mottagna gradvis minskat över tid, på grund av att varaktigh...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits at JoVE.com

A Mouse Model of Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress for Understanding Stress-induced Behavioral and Physiological Deficits

Här, är metoder för att utveckla en musmodell av subkronisk och mild sociala manipulations påkänning beskrivits och användes för att undersöka de patogena egenskaperna hos fördjupningen inklusive hyperphagia- och polydipsi liknande symptom efter ökad kroppsvikt.

En musmodell av Subkronisk och Mild sociala Besegra Stress för att förstå Stress-inducerad beteendemässiga och fysiologiska underskott

Stressful life events often increase the incidence of depression in humans. To study the mechanisms of depression, the development of animal models of ...

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