Name: t cells capture bacteria by transinfection from dendritic cells
Uploaded: 2016-01-13T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about T Cells Capture Bacteria by Transinfection from Dendritic Cells at JoVE.com

This work was supported by grants BFU2011-29450, BFU2008-04342/BMC from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and PIES201020I046 from Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient&#236;ficas (CSIC).

Not: Deneysel işlemler Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Araştırma Etik Komitesi tarafından onaylanan ve İspanyol ve Avrupa kurallarına uygun olarak Hayvan Refahı ve Sağlık Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Başkanı&#39;nın gözetiminde yapılmıştır. Fareler spesifik patojen free (SPF) konut yetiştirilen ve onlar karbon dioksiti kullanarak eğitimli ve kalifiye personel (CO 2) inhalasyon yöntemi ile ötenazi uygulandı. 1. Fare Kemik DH&#39;ler Farklılaşma ve Enfeksiyon ...

<ol>
	<li>Medzhitov, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Recognition+of+microorganisms+and+activation+of+the+immune+response.">Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response.</a> Nature. 449 (7164), 819-826 (2007).</li><li>Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., Walter, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Molecular biology of the cell. , (1989).</li><li>Pancer, Z., Cooper, M. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+evolution+of+adaptive+immunity.">The evolution of adaptive immunity.</a> Annual Review of Immunology. 24, 497-518 (2006).</li><li>Rhoades, R. A., Bell, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Medical Phisiology. , (2012).</li><li>Cossart, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bacterial+Invasion:+The+Paradigms+of+Enteroinvasive+Pathogens.">Bacterial Invasion: The Paradigms of Enteroinvasive Pathogens.</a> Science. 304 (5668), 242-248 (2004).</li><li>Kaufmann, S. H., Schaible, U. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigen+presentation+and+recognition+in+bacterial+infections.">Antigen presentation and recognition in bacterial infections.</a> Current Opinion in Immunology. 17 (1), 79-87 (2005).</li><li>Pizarro-Cerd&#225;, J., Cossart, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bacterial+Adhesion+and+Entry+into+Host+Cells.">Bacterial Adhesion and Entry into Host Cells.</a> Cell. 124 (4), 715-727 (2006).</li><li>Dustin, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=T-cell+activation+through+immunological+synapses+and+kinapses.">T-cell activation through immunological synapses and kinapses.</a> Immunological Reviews. 221, 77-89 (2008).</li><li>Calabia-Linares, C., Robles-Valero, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endosomal+clathrin+drives+actin+accumulation+at+the+immunological+synapse.">Endosomal clathrin drives actin accumulation at the immunological synapse.</a> Journal of Cell Science. 124 (5), 820-830 (2011).</li><li>Westcott, M. M., Henry, C. J., Cook, A. S., Grant, K. W., Hiltbold, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+susceptibility+of+bone+marrow-derived+dendritic+cells+and+macrophages+to+productive+infection+with+Listeria+monocytogenes.">Differential susceptibility of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages to productive infection with Listeria monocytogenes.</a> Cellular Microbiology. 9 (6), 1397-1411 (2007).</li><li>Geijtenbeek, T. B., Kwon, D. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DC-SIGN,+a+dendritic+cell-specific+HIV-1-binding+protein+that+enhances+trans-infection+of+T+cells.">DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells.</a> Cell. 100 (5), 587-597 (2000).</li><li>Izquierdo-Useros, N., Naranjo-G&#242;mez, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HIV+and+mature+dendritic+cells:+Trojan+exosomes+riding+the+Trojan+horse.">HIV and mature dendritic cells: Trojan exosomes riding the Trojan horse.</a> PLoS Pathogens. 6 (3), e1000740 (2010).</li><li>Mittelbrunn, M., Sanchez-Madrid, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intercellular+communication:+diverse+structures+for+exchange+of+genetic+information.">Intercellular communication: diverse structures for exchange of genetic information.</a> Nature Reviews. Molecular cell biology. 13 (5), 328-335 (2012).</li><li>McElroy, D. S., Ashley, T. J., D'Orazio, S. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lymphocytes+serve+as+a+reservoir+for+Listeria+monocytogenes+growth+during+infection+of+mice.">Lymphocytes serve as a reservoir for Listeria monocytogenes growth during infection of mice.</a> Microbial Pathogenesis. 46 (4), 214-221 (2009).</li><li>Salgado-Pabon, W., Celli, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Shigella+impairs+T+lymphocyte+dynamics+in+vivo.">Shigella impairs T lymphocyte dynamics in vivo.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (12), 4458-4463 (2013).</li><li>Cruz Adalia, A., Ramirez-Santiago, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=T+cells+kill+bacteria+captured+by+transinfection+from+dendritic+cells+and+confer+protection+in+mice.">T cells kill bacteria captured by transinfection from dendritic cells and confer protection in mice.</a> Cell Host and Microbe. 15 (5), 611-622 (2014).</li><li>Barnden, M. J., Allison, J., Heath, W. R., Carbone, F. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Defective+TCR+expression+in+transgenic+mice+constructed+using+cDNA-based+alpha-+and+beta-chain+genes+under+the+control+of+heterologous+regulatory+elements.">Defective TCR expression in transgenic mice constructed using cDNA-based alpha- and beta-chain genes under the control of heterologous regulatory elements.</a> Immunology and Cell Biology. 76 (1), 34-40 (1998).</li><li>Matheu, M. P., Sen, D., Cahalan, M. D., Parker, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+bone+marrow+derived+murine+dendritic+cells+for+use+in+2-photon+imaging.">Generation of bone marrow derived murine dendritic cells for use in 2-photon imaging.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE. (17), (2008).</li><li>Inaba, K., Inaba, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+large+numbers+of+dendritic+cells+from+mouse+bone+marrow+cultures+supplemented+with+granulocyte/macrophage+colony-stimulating+factor.">Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.</a> Journal of Experimental Medicine. 176 (6), 1693-1702 (1992).</li><li>Th&#246;ne, F., Schwanh&#228;usser, B., Becker, D., Ballmaier, M., Bumann, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=FACS-isolation+of+Salmonella-infected+cells+with+defined+bacterial+load+from+mouse+spleen.">FACS-isolation of Salmonella-infected cells with defined bacterial load from mouse spleen.</a> Journal of Microbiological Methods. 71 (3), 220-224 (2007).</li><li>Vaudaux, P., Waldvogel, F. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gentamicin+antibacterial+activity+in+the+presence+of+human+polymorphonuclear+leukocytes.">Gentamicin antibacterial activity in the presence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.</a> Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 16 (6), 743-749 (1979).</li><li>Zhang, X., Goncalves, R., Mosser, D. M., Coligan, J. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chapter+14,+The+isolation+and+characterization+of+murine+macrophages.">Chapter 14, The isolation and characterization of murine macrophages.</a> Current protocols in immunology. , Unit 14.1 (2008).</li><li>Bedoya, S. K., Wilson, T. D., Collins, E. L., Lau, K., Larkin, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+th17+differentiation+of+na&#239;ve+CD4+T+lymphocytes.">Isolation and th17 differentiation of na&#239;ve CD4 T lymphocytes.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE. (79), e50765 (2013).</li><li>Basu, S., Campbell, H. M., Dittel, B. N., Ray, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Purification+of+specific+cell+population+by+fluorescence+activated+cell+sorting+(FACS).">Purification of specific cell population by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS).</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE. (41), (2010).</li><li>Foucar, K., Chen, I. M., Crago, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Organization+and+operation+of+a+flow+cytometric+immunophenotyping+laboratory.">Organization and operation of a flow cytometric immunophenotyping laboratory.</a> Seminars in diagnostic pathology. 6 (1), 13-36 (1989).</li><li>Itano, A. A., Jenkins, M. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigen+presentation+to+naive+CD4+T+cells+in+the+lymph+node.">Antigen presentation to naive CD4 T cells in the lymph node.</a> Nature Immunology. 4 (8), 733-739 (2003).</li></ol>

T hücreleri veya T lenfositleri adaptif bağışıklık yanıtı 26 hücre-aracılı bağışıklığın bir rol oynayabilir ve ait lökosit türüdür. T hücreleri in vitro enfekte olma dirençli ama bazı raporlar, in vivo 14,15 enfekte olabilir göstermektedir. Bağışıklık sinaps sırasında APC ve T hücrelerinin samimi kişiler HIV gibi bazı virüsler 11 de dahil olmak üzere biyolojik madde 13, alışverişi için platformlar olarak hizm...

Bir patojen konukçu bulaştığında, genellikle bakteriyel temizlenmesi için gerekli olan doğal ve kazanılmış bağışıklık tepkilerinin, bir aktivasyon vardır. Doğuştan gelen bağışıklık çoğu enfeksiyonları önler ilk savunma hattıdır. Doğuştan gelen bağışıklık mikroorganizma ana gruba arasında korunan bir hassas bir şekilde elemanları (patojenle ilişkili molekül örnekleri, PAMPS) 1 ayırt. Doğuştan gelen bağışıklık mekanizmaları fagositler (makrofajlar, nötrofiller ve dendritik hücreler), mast hücreleri, eozinofiller, bazofiller ve doğal öldürücü hücreleri içerir, fiziksel deri gibi engelleri, kimyasal bariyerler (antimikrobiyal peptitler, lizozim) ile doğuştan gelen lökositler arasında, 2. Bu hücreler temas yoluyla veya patojenin içine çeken ve öldürme içeren fagositoz yoluyla onlara saldırarak ya tanımlamak ve patojenleri ortadan kaldırır. Bu sistem, p karşı bağışıklık belleğini kazandıran adaptif bağışıklık aksine, yaşam boyu savunma izin vermezathogens. Adaptif bağışıklık sistemi savunma İkinci satır ve tanımak ve birden mikrobik olmayan mikrobiyal maddelerin 3 spesifik antijenlere tepki yapabiliyor. Adaptif immün sisteminin ana bileşenleri B ve T hücrelerini içerir lenfositlerdir. B hücreleri, patojenler veya dışsal proteinlere karşı antikorlar salgılayan, hümoral yanıt olarak dahil edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, T hücreleri sitokin sekresyon veya öldürme patojen ile enfekte olmuş hücrelerde 4 bağışıklık tepkisini modüle hücre aracılı bağışıklık temsil etmektedir. Büyük histo uyumlu kompleks (MHC) 5-7 hücre yüzeyinde sunulur antijenler içine fagosite ederler patojenler ve işlem bakteriyel bileşenler tanıyabilir dendritik hücreler ya da makrofajlar, doğal bağışıklık sisteminin bir parçası, aşağıdakileri içeren Antijen sağlayan hücreler (APC &#39;ler). APC &#39;ler patojenleri fagosite sonra, bunlar genellikle T etkileşime boşaltma lenf düğümlerine göçHücreler. T lenfositleri, T hücre reseptörleri tarafından spesifik peptit-MHC kompleksleri tanıyabilir. Bağışıklık sinaps (IS) antijen sunumu 8,9 sırasında antijen yüklü APC ve lenfosit arasındaki ara yüzeyde oluşur. Bazı bakteriler fagositozu hayatta ve APC &#39;içinde sistematik olarak yaymak olabilir. Bu görüşe göre, enfekte ZPT bakteriyel rezervuar veya bakteriyel yayılmasını kolaylaştıran 10 &quot;Truva atları&quot; olarak hizmet vermektedir. APC &#39;ve BS oluşumu sırasında gerçekleşecek lenfositler arasındaki yakın temas, aynı zamanda membranların, genetik materyalin ve eksozom parçası alışverişi için bir platform olarak işlev ve T hücreleri enfekte bazı virüsler için kaçırdılar olabilir; bu işlem 11-13 transinfection olarak adlandırılır. Bazı patojen bakterilerin (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica ve Shigella flexneri) in vivo T lenfositleri istila ve davranışlarını 14-16 değiştirmek edebiliyoruz. SahibizSon zamanlarda T lenfositleri de antijen sunumu 16 sırasında önceden enfekte dendritik hücreler (DC) dan transinfection bakterilerin yakalamak mümkün olduğunu anlattı. T hücresi doğrudan enfeksiyonlara daha (1,000-4,000x) derece daha etkili transinfection bakteri yakalama. Transinfection daha gösteren T hücreleri yakalama patojen olmayan patojen bakteriler T hücreleri tarafından tahrik edilen bir işlemdir. Çarpıcı, hücreler hızla yakalanan bakterileri öldüren ve profesyonel fagositler 16 daha çok fazla verimli yaptım T (TİT) transinfected. Immünoloji bir dogmayı kırmak Bu sonuçlar, adaptif bağışıklık hücreleri doğuştan gelen bağışıklık sözde münhasır olan işlevleri yerine göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, meme ucu hücreleri pro-enflamatuar sitokinlerin büyük miktarlarda salgılarlar ve in vivo bakteriyel enfeksiyonlara karşı koruma gösterdi. Burada bakteriyel transinfection sürecini incelemek için kullanılan farklı protokoller sunmakFare modeli. Bu model, bakteri bulaşmış kemik ile spesifik olarak etkileşime I-Ab 17 bağlamında OVA (OVAp) peptit 323-339 için TCR spesifik taşıyan transgenik farelerin OTII, CD4 + T hücrelerinin kullanımına dayanmaktadır iliği stabil bağışıklık sinaps meydana OVAp yüklü DH&#39;ler türetilmiş (BMDCs) 18,19. T hücre transinfection görüntülendi ve floresan mikroskobu kullanarak izlenebilir. Buna ek olarak, akış sitometrisi, yeşil floresan proteini (GFP) 16,20 ifade bakteriler tarafından yayılan floresan yararlanarak tarafından enfekte edilen hücreleri tespit edilmesi için de kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, T hücresi transinfection daha hassas bir yaklaşım, etkinlikleri sayıda ölçümünü sağlar gentamisin sağkalım analizi ile tayin edilebilir. Gentamisin ökaryotik hücreleri içine giremeyeceği bir antibiyotiktir. Bu nedenle, bu antibiyotiği kullanarak antibiyotik ilave fr hayatta hücre içi bakteri farklılaşmasını veriyor21 öldürüldüğü om dışı olanlar.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="743">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">RPMI</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">SH3025501</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">r-GMCSF</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Peprotech</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">315-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">LPS</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">SIGMA</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">L2630-10mg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Na Pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">SH3023901</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">2-ME</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">31350-010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">OVAp OTII (323&#8211;339)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">GenScript</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">---</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Cell Strainer 70uM</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">352350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#160;30uM Syringe Filcons Sterile</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td align="right">340598</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">AutoMacs Classic</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">130-088-887</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Gentamicin</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Normon</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">624601.6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Transwell</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Costar</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">3415</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">LB</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Pronadisa</td>
			<td align="right">1231</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Agar</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Pronadisa</td>
			<td align="right">1800</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:341px;">Paraformaldehyde 16%</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">15710</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Triton X-100</td>
			<td style="width:131px;"></td>
			<td style="width:104px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD8 biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">553029</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">IgM Biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">ImmunoStep</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">Clone RMM-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">B220 Biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">553086</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD19 biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right">553784</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">MHC-II Biot (I-A/I-E)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right">553622</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD11b biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Immunostep</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">11BB-01mg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD11c biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Immunostep</td>
			<td>11CB3-01mg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">DX5 biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">553856</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Gr-1 biot</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">553125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD16/CD32</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">ImmunoStep</td>
			<td>M16PU-05MG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">anti Salmonella</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">ABD Serotec</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">8209-4006</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD11cPE</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:104px;">553802</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CD4-APC</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Tonbo Biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">20-0041-U100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Gr-1 APC</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right">553129</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MHC-II (I-A/I-E) FITC</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td align="right">553623</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa-Fluor 647 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, highly cross-adsorbed</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A-21245</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">CMAC (7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Life technologies</td>
			<td>C2110</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">SIGMA</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">A7030-100G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">Streptavidin MicroBeads</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">130-048-101</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:341px;">BD FACSCanto II</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD Biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:104px;">---</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

t cells capture bacteria by transinfection from dendritic cells

Recently, we have shown, contrary to what is described, that CD4+ T cells, the paradigm of adaptive immune cells, capture bacteria from infected dendritic cells (DCs) by a process called transinfection. Here, we describe the analysis of the transinfection process, which occurs during the course of antigen presentation. This process was unveiled by using CD4+ T cells from transgenic OTII mice, which bear a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a peptide of ovoalbumin (OVAp), which therefore can form stable immune complexes with infected dendritic cells loaded with this specific OVAp. The dynamics of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing bacteria during DC-T cell transmission can be monitored by live-cell imaging and the quantification of bacterial transinfection can be performed by flow cytometry. In addition, transinfection can be quantified by a more sensitive method based in the use of gentamicin, a non-permeable aminoglycoside antibiotic killing extracellular bacteria but not intracellular ones. This classical method has been used previously in microbiology to study the efficiency of bacterial infections. We hereby explain the protocol of the complete process, from the isolation of the primary cells to the quantification of transinfection.

Akış sitometri ve gentamisin yaşam tahlil Şekil 1 hücreleri elde etmek prosedürü özetler:. Bu yazıda enfekte kemik iliği kaynaklı-DH&#39;ler ve nasıl iki farklı yaklaşım yoluyla bakteri transinfection ölçmek için fare T hücre bakteriyel transinfection nasıl gerçekleştirileceği açıklanan. DCler, 9 gün boyunca GM-CSF ile kemik iliği hücrelerinin inkübe etmek suretiyle oluşturulur. Daha sonra DCler, OVA (OVAp) belirli bir peptid ile daha sonra ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about T Cells Capture Bacteria by Transinfection from Dendritic Cells at JoVE.com

T Cells Capture Bacteria by Transinfection from Dendritic Cells

Burada bir protokol, önceden enfekte edilmiş dendritik hücreler (DC) transinfection ile antijen sunumu sırasında ortaya çıkan, CD4 + T hücreleri tarafından bakteriyel yakalama ölçmek için sunulmuştur. Birincil hücreler, DC, DC / T hücre konjuge oluşumu enfeksiyon ve bakteri T hücre transfeksiyon ölçüm izolasyon: Biz gerekli adımları gerçekleştirmek için nasıl gösterir.

T hücreleri dendritik hücreler gelen Transinfection tarafından Bakteriler Yakalama

Recently, we have shown, contrary to what is described, that CD4+ T cells, the paradigm of adaptive immune cells, capture bacteria from infected dendritic ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Hücre-kaderi ardından<em&gt; E. coli</em&gt; Faj Lambda tarafından Enfeksiyon Sonrası

The system comprising bacteriophage (phage) lambda and the bacterium E. coli has long served as a paradigm for cell-fate determination1,2. Following the ...

Isolation of Mouse Lung Dendritic Cells

Fare Akciğer Dendritik Hücrelerinin İzolasyonu

Lung dendritic cells (DC) play a fundamental role in sensing invading pathogens 1,2 as well as in the control of tolerogenic responses 3 in the ...

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Na&iuml;ve and Memory T Cells

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human NaÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¯ve and Memory T Cells

İlköğretim İnsan naif ve Bellek T Hücreleri gelen İsteyerek Düzenleyici T Hücreleri Üretimi

The development and maintenance of immunosuppressive CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to the peripheral tolerance needed to remain in ...

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Fare Barsak ayrı dendritik hücreler ve makrofajlar İzolasyonu ve Karakterizasyonu

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and ...

Isolating And Immunostaining Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cells from Murine Peyer's Patches

Lenfositler ve mürin Peyer en Yamalar itibaren Dendritik Hücreler İzolasyon Ve immün

Peyer's  patches (PPs) are integral components of the gut-associated lymphoid tissues  (GALT) and play a central role in intestinal immunosurveillance and ...

Isolation of Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Epithelial Cells from Human Thymus

İnsan Thymus ile myeloid dendritik hücreleri ve epitel hücreleri İzolasyonu

In this protocol we provide a method to isolate dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells (TEC) from the human thymus. DC and TEC are the major antigen ...

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

Assessing the Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Infected CD4+ T Cells by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using an Ex vivo Co-culture System.

HIV-1 Enfekte CD4 Doğuştan Algılama Değerlendirilmesi<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Bir kullanılması plazmositoid dendritik hücreler tarafından T Hücreleri<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Co-kültür sistemi.

HIV-1 innate sensing requires direct contact of infected CD4+ T cells with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In order to study this process, the ...

Derivation of T Cells In Vitro from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Derivation of T Cells In Vitro from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

T hücrelerinin türetilmesi<em&gt; İn Vitro</em&gt; Fare Embriyonik Kök Hücreleri

The OP9/OP9-DL1 co-culture system has become a well-established method for deriving differentiated blood cell types from embryonic and hematopoietic ...

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Periferik Kan İnsan alloantijen-özgü T hücrelerinin üretilmesi

The study of human T lymphocyte biology often involves examination of responses to activating ligands. T cells recognize and respond to processed peptide ...

Automated Cell Enrichment of Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells for Clinical Applications using the Cytokine-capture System

Sitokin yakalama Sistemi kullanılarak Klinik Uygulamalar için Sitomegalovirüs özgü otomatik Hücre Zenginleştirme T hücreleri

The adoptive transfer of pathogen-specific T cells can be used to prevent and treat opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection ...