Name: a thrombotic stroke model based on transient cerebral hypoxia-ischemia
Uploaded: 2015-08-18T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia at JoVE.com

This study was supported by the NIH grant NS074559 (to C. K.). We thank all collaborators who contributed to our research articles that the present methodology report is based upon.

该协议是由埃默里大学的机构动物护理和使用委员会（IACUC）批准，并遵循健康指导全国学院的护理和使用实验动物。 1.安装<ol><li>准备手术创面上变暖垫与热泵连接，在37℃下在手术前至少15分钟。放置使用3毫升注射器针筒上的手术床上的颈部辊。准备麻醉气体，在医用空气2％异氟醚。 </li><li>准备蒸压钳，剪刀，针微型持有，止血，棉签和缝线。准备组织胶和眼膏。 </li><...

<ol>
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中风是不断增长的意义随着人口老龄化社会的任何一个主要的健康问题。从全球来看，中风是死亡的第二大原因与2010年估计590万死亡事件，相当于所有的死亡病例18 11.1％。脑卒中也是伤残调整生命年第三主要原因（伤残调整寿命）在2010年失去了全球，从第五位，1990年上升19这些流行病学数据突出的急性（缺血性）中风的更有效的治疗需要。然而，尽管大量研究在临床前的神经保...

溶栓再通的急性缺血性中风在临床实践中1最有效的疗法。然而，大多数的临床前神经保护研究的在瞬态机械梗阻模型（线栓大脑中动脉闭塞），产生在去除血管闭塞的脑血流的快速恢复，并显示很少或几乎没有益处由tPA的溶栓进行。它已被提出，中风模型的可疑的选择作出了贡献，至少部分地难度在翻译神经保护治疗的病人2,3。因此，有越来越多的要求使用tPA的响应血栓栓塞性中风模型在临床前研究，但这种模式也有技术问题（见讨论）4-7。在这里，我们描述了基于单边短暂缺氧缺血（THI）侮辱，其反应静脉注射tPA的治疗8一种新的血栓性中风模型。 基于该列文过程（单侧颈总动脉，随后通过暴露于短暂缺氧在一个腔室的永久的结扎后），这是发明了用于与成年大鼠实验在1960年9被开发的THI中风模型。原始的列文过程褪成朦胧因为它只产生可变的脑损伤，但同样的侮辱在啮齿动物的幼崽引起神经病理学一致，当它被重新引入由罗伯特·万努奇和他的同事们为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）1981年10模型。近年来，一些研究者通过在低氧室11调节温度重新调整了莱文-万努奇模型成年小鼠。它是合理的，不一致的脑部病变原莱文过程中可能出现的在缺氧室波动体温成年老鼠的。为了检验这一假设，我们修改了莱文的程序通过给予低氧气体通过面罩，同时保持啮齿类核心温度在37℃下在手术台12上 。正如预期的那样，严格的体温控制大大提高了高新所致的脑病变可重复性。该HI损伤也触发凝血，自噬，和灰度和白质损伤13。其他研究者也采用了HI模型，研究脑卒中后炎症反应14。 在HI中风模型的独特之处在于它紧随魏尔啸的黑社会的血栓形成，其中包括血流量，内皮损伤（ 如由于HI-诱导的氧化应激），和高凝状态（HI-诱导的血小板活化）的瘀（ 图1A）15。正因为如此，对HI模型可以捕获有关真实世界缺血性中风的一些病理生理机制。有了这个念头在脑海中，我们进一步完善了HI模型与联合国的可逆性结扎ilateral颈总动脉（因此创建一个短暂的HI侮辱），并测试其反应的tPA溶栓或无依达拉奉。依达拉奉是已经批准在日本范围内发生9小时24治疗缺血性中风自由基清除剂。我们的实验表明，简短的30分钟短暂的HI引发血栓性脑梗死，并结合tPA的，依达拉奉治疗赋予协同效益8。在这里，我们描述了详细的外科手术和THI模型的方法上的考虑，它可以被用来优化急性缺血性中风的再灌注治疗。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>adult male mice</td>
			<td>Charles River</td>
			<td>C57BL/6&#160;</td>
			<td>10~13 weeks old (22~30 g)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mobile Laboratory Animal Anesthesia System</td>
			<td>VetEquip</td>
			<td>901807</td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Medical air (Compressed) air tank</td>
			<td>Airgas</td>
			<td>UN1002</td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Piramal Healthcare</td>
			<td>NDC 66794-013-25</td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multi-Station Lab Animal AnesthesiaSystem</td>
			<td>Surgivet</td>
			<td>V703501</td>
			<td>hypoxia system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7.5% O2 balanced by 92.5% N2 tank</td>
			<td>Airgas</td>
			<td>UN1956</td>
			<td>hypoxia system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Temperature Controller with heating lamp&#160;</td>
			<td>Cole Parmer&#160;</td>
			<td>EW-89000-10</td>
			<td>temperature controllers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rectal probe</td>
			<td>Cole Parmer&#160;</td>
			<td>NCI-00141PG</td>
			<td>temperature controllers</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dissecting microscope&#160;</td>
			<td>Olympus&#160;</td>
			<td>SZ40</td>
			<td>surgical setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heat pump with warming pad</td>
			<td>Gaymar&#160;</td>
			<td>TP700</td>
			<td>surgical setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine curved forceps (serrated)</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>11370-31</td>
			<td>surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine curved forceps (smooth)</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>11373-12</td>
			<td>surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>micro scissors</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>15000-03</td>
			<td>surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>micro needle holders</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>12060-01</td>
			<td>surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Halsted-Mosquito hemostats</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>13008-12</td>
			<td>surgical instrument</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5-0 silk suture&#160;</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>624143</td>
			<td>surgical supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-0 Nylon monofilament suture</td>
			<td>LOOK</td>
			<td>766B</td>
			<td>surgical supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tissue glue</td>
			<td>Abbott Laboratories</td>
			<td>NC9855218</td>
			<td>surgical supplies</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Puralube Vet ointment</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>NC0138063&#160;</td>
			<td>eye dryness prevention&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MoorFLPI-2 blood flow imager</td>
			<td>Moor</td>
			<td>780-nm laser source</td>
			<td>Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mannitol</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M4125</td>
			<td>in-vivo TTC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8877</td>
			<td>in-vivo TTC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vibratome</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>51425</td>
			<td>brain section for in-vivo TTC&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Digital microscope</td>
			<td>Dino-Lite</td>
			<td>AM2111</td>
			<td>whole-braina imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>O.C.T compound</td>
			<td>Sakura Finetek</td>
			<td>4583</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>goat anti-rabbit Alexa Fluro 488</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A11008</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cryostat</td>
			<td>Vibratome</td>
			<td>ultrapro 5000</td>
			<td>brain section for IHC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Evans blue</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>E2129</td>
			<td>Detecting vascular perfusion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microtome</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>5000</td>
			<td>brain section for histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Avertin (2, 2, 2-Tribromoethanol)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T48402</td>
			<td>euthanasia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluorescent microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>DP73</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a thrombotic stroke model based on transient cerebral hypoxia-ischemia

中风的研究已经经历了很多挫折，翻译神经保护疗法进入临床实践。与此相反，在现实世界的治疗剂（tPA溶栓）很少产生机械闭塞基于实验模型的好处，其中占主导地位的临床前中风研究。这板凳和床头之间的分裂意味着需要采用tPA的响应模型在临床前研究中风。为此目的，一个简单的和tPA的反应性血栓性中风模型被发明并在此描述。该模型包括通过在成年小鼠面罩30分钟的单侧颈总动脉和输送7.5％的氧气的瞬态闭塞，同时保持动物的直肠温度在37.5±0.5℃。虽然单侧颈动脉或缺氧的可逆结扎每个抑制脑血流量瞬时只，既侮辱的组合引起再灌注持续赤字，纤维蛋白和血小板沉积，以及大型INFARCT在大脑中动脉提供的领土。重要的是，尾静脉注射重组的tPA在0.5，1，或4小时后THI（10毫克/千克）提供的死亡率和梗死面积的时间依赖性降低。这种新的中风模型简单，并且可以跨实验室标准化比较实验结果。此外，它诱导血栓形成而不骨瓣或引入预形成栓子。鉴于这些独特的优点，在THI模型是一个有益的补充临床前研究中风的剧目。

二维激光散斑对比度成像（LSCI）16，使用由30分钟短暂单侧颈动脉阻塞（tCCAO），30分钟暴露于低氧（7.5％氧气），和30分钟的单方面比较脑血流量（CBF）的改变颈动脉缺氧条件下（THI）结扎。此实验揭示tCCAO在常氧抑制CBF对颈动脉结扎半球〜基线值，迅速 ​​恢复到85％以上的颈动脉阻塞（R 图2A）的释放后的50％。暴露于全身缺氧单独降低了CBF到基线值，返回到常氧气氛（ <str...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia at JoVE.com

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Thromboembolic stroke models are vital tools for optimizing the recanalization therapy. Here we report a murine thrombotic stroke model based on transient cerebral hypoxic-ischemic (tHI) insult, which triggers thrombosis and infarction, and responds favorably to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-mediated fibrinolysis in a therapeutic window similar to those in stroke patients.

基于短暂性脑缺氧缺血性血栓性中风模型

Stroke research has endured many setbacks in translating neuroprotective therapies into clinical practice. In contrast, the real-world therapy (tPA ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model

建模在小鼠体内的行程 - 中东与灯丝模型大脑中动脉闭塞

Stroke is among the most frequent causes of death and adult disability, especially in highly developed countries. However, treatment options to date are ...

科研

医学

Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Mice

Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion MCAO Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Mice

腔内中东大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）缺血性中风模型在小鼠体内的激光多普勒血流指导

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the world, with an estimated cost of near $70 billion 
in the United ...

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia

双侧颈总动脉闭塞足够的预处理刺激诱导局灶性脑缺血早期缺血耐受

There is accumulating evidence, that ischemic preconditioning - a non-damaging ischemic challenge to the brain - confers a transient protection to a ...

Endothelin-1 Induced Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model for Ischemic Stroke with Laser Doppler Flowmetry Guidance in Rat

内皮素-1诱导大脑中动脉闭塞模型缺血性中风激光多普勒血流仪在大鼠指导

Stroke is the number one cause of disability and third leading cause of death in the world, costing an estimated $70 billion in the United States in ...

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

优化系统的脑灌注监测在中风模型大鼠的大脑中动脉闭塞腔内

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal ...

A Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

蛛网膜下腔出血的小鼠模型

In this video publication a standardized mouse model of subarachnoid  hemorrhage (SAH) is presented. Bleeding is induced by endovascular Circle of  Willis ...

Excitotoxic Stimulation of Brain Microslices as an In vitro Model of Stroke

Excitotoxic Stimulation of Brain Microslices as an In vitro Model of Stroke

脑Microslices的兴奋性刺激作为<em&gt;在体外</em&gt;中风模型

Examining molecular mechanisms involved in neuropathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, can be difficult when using whole animal systems. As ...

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Permanent Coagulation of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery

造型中风小鼠：在远端大脑中动脉永久性混凝

Stroke is the third most common cause of death and a main cause of acquired adult disability in developed countries. Only very limited therapeutical ...

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion MCAO for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

栓塞性脑梗塞（缺血）的大鼠缺血性中风与血同源凝块

Clinically, thrombolytic therapy with use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the most effective treatment for acute ischemic ...

Simultaneous PET/MRI Imaging During Mouse Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

同时PET / MRI成像在小鼠脑缺氧缺血

Dynamic changes in tissue water diffusion and glucose metabolism occur during and after hypoxia in cerebral hypoxia-ischemia reflecting a bioenergetics ...