Name: minced tissue in compressed collagen: a cell-containing biotransplant for single-staged reconstructive repair
Uploaded: 2016-02-24T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair at JoVE.com

The authors thank the Swedish Society for Medical Research, the Promobilia Foundation, the Crown Princess Lovisa Foundation, the Freemason Foundation for Children&#8217;s Welfare, the Swedish Society of Medicine, the Solstickan Foundation, Karolinska Institutet, and the Stockholm City Council for financial support.

Alle dieren protocollen werden vooraf goedgekeurd door de County Comite Stockholm on Animals en alle procedures voldeden aan de regels voor diergeneeskundig gebruik, alsmede relevante federale statuten. 1. Dierlijke Procedures <ol><li> De voorbereiding van de Animal voor Heelkunde <ol><li> Bereid de operatietafel alle materialen en instrumenten die voor de werking onder steriele omstandigheden. Voer de operatie uitsluitend onder steriele omstandigheden het risico op infectie te verminderen...

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Part A. 15, 2085-2092 (2009).</li><li>Fossum, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Minced+urothelium+to+create+epithelialized+subcutaneous+conduits.">Minced urothelium to create epithelialized subcutaneous conduits.</a> The Journal of Urology. 184, 757-761 (2010).</li><li>Reinfeldt Engberg, G., Lundberg, J., Chamorro, C. L., Nordenskjold, A., Fossum, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+autologous+minced+bladder+mucosa+for+a+one-step+reconstruction+of+a+tissue+engineered+bladder+conduit.">Transplantation of autologous minced bladder mucosa for a one-step reconstruction of a tissue engineered bladder conduit.</a> BioMed Research International. 2013, 212734 (2013).</li><li>Meek, C. 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Deze studie geeft een gemakkelijk te gebruiken benadering blaaswand vlekken met autologe weefsels voor transplantatie produceren de operatietafel. De pleisters worden gevormd door de combinatie van een biologisch afbreekbaar polymeer breien in het midden en collageen met en zonder gehakt weefsel in de buitenvlakken kunststof verbonden met compressie. Plastic compressie is een methode eerder beschreven door andere auteurs en kan worden gedefinieerd als een snelle verwijdering van vocht uit collageen gels 12,13.</sup...

Meest tissue engineering studies op transplantatie in de huid en het urogenitale kanaal omvatten autologe cel oogsten van gezond weefsel en celexpansie in speciaal uitgeruste-cel kweken faciliteiten 1,2. Na celexpansie, worden cellen gewoonlijk opgeslagen voor later gebruik bij de patiënt bereid de autograft ontvangen. Stikstof diepvriezers mogelijk langdurige opslag bij lage temperaturen van -150 ° C of lager. Het proces van invriezen moet voorzichtig en gecontroleerd zodat de cellen niet te verliezen. Een kans op celdood kristallisatie van intracellulair water tijdens het ontdooien, wat kan leiden tot breuk van de celmembranen. Cel bevriezen wordt meestal uitgevoerd door langzame en gecontroleerde afkoeling (-1 ° C per minuut), onder toepassing van een hoge concentratie van cellen, foetaal runderserum en dimethylsulfoxide. Na het ontdooien, moet de cellen opnieuw worden verwerkt door het verwijderen van bevriezing medium en kweken op celkweek of een plasticbiomateriaal voordat transplantatie terug naar de patiënt. Alle bovengenoemde stappen zijn tijdrovend, arbeidsintensief en kostbaar 3. Bovendien zijn alle in vitro verwerking van cellen die bestemd zijn voor de patiënt transplantatie zijn sterk gereguleerd en vereist goed opgeleide en geaccrediteerde personen en laboratoria 4. Al met al, om een ​​veilige en betrouwbare productieproces te schaffen, de techniek kan alleen in een zeer klein aantal van de technisch geavanceerde centra worden opgezet en een breder gebruik in voorkomende chirurgische aandoeningen is twijfelachtig. Om de beperkingen van celcultuur in de laboratoriumomgeving te overwinnen, is het concept van het transplanteren gehakt weefsel voor celexpansie in vivo geïntroduceerd door het lichaam zelf als bioreactor. Daartoe zou autografts voorkeur worden getransplanteerd op een 3D matrijs volgens de vorm die nodig is voor de uiteindelijke reconstructie van het orgaan van iBELANG 5-7. Oorspronkelijk was het idee van het transplanteren van gehakt epitheel werd gepresenteerd door Meek in 1958, toen hij beschreef hoe epitheel groeit van de randen van een wond. Hij aangetoond dat een klein stukje huid de marges zijn potentieel voor celexpansie zouden verhogen en daardoor met 100% door het snijden van het stuk tweemaal loodrechte richtingen (figuur 1) 8. De theorie wordt ondersteund door het gebruik van mazen gedeeltelijke dikte huidtransplantaties voor huidtransplantatie 9 en in de huid wondgenezing modellen 10. <img alt="Figuur 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/53061/53061fig1.jpg" width="600" /> Figuur 1:. Meek theorie Volgens de theorie Meek, groeit epitheel van de randen van een wond. Door het verhogen van het gebied blootgelegd door het hakken techniek, gehakt weefsel epithelializes wonden van vele plekken. De huidige studie is gebaseerd op de hypostelling dat hetzelfde principe in het onderhuidse weefsel door het plaatsen gehakt epithelium om een ​​mal kan worden toegepast. De epitheelcellen zou mobiliseren van gehakt transplantaties (reorganiseren), omvatten de wondgebieden (migratie) en delen (vergroten) om een ​​continue neoepithelium die het wondgebied bedekt en scheidt het vreemde lichaam (de matrijs) vanaf het binnenlichaam vormen ( figuur 2). <img alt="figuur 2" src="/files/ftp_upload/53061/53061fig2.jpg" /> Figuur 2:. Cartoon van een 3D vorm met gehakt epitheel in vivo intracorporale weefseluitbreiding volgens de theorie van Meek Via gehakt weefsel geplaatst op een mal en vervolgens getransplanteerd in het onderhuidse weefsel is de hypothese dat de epitheelcellen migreren van de randen van gehakt weefsel reorganiseren en te voeren zodat een continue neoepithelium die het wondgebied bedekt en scheidt het vreemde lichaam (de matrijs) vanaf het binnenlichaam vormen. Hoewel eerdere in vivo studies tonen veelbelovende resultaten, kan verdere verbeteringen worden bereikt door het versterken van de autografts zodat de geregenereerde epitheel mechanisch trauma kon weerstaan ​​beter 7. Voor deze doeleinden zijn belangrijke voorwaarden voor een succesvolle biomateriaal geïdentificeerd, zoals: gemakkelijke diffusie van voedingsstoffen en afvalproducten, mogelijkheid om schimmel in een 3D-wijze en gemak van chirurgische behandeling. Conclusies werden gemaakt dat deze behoeften kan worden voldaan door het toevoegen van een composiet biomateriaal aan gehakt weefsel. Het huidige onderzoek gericht op de ontwikkeling van een steiger bestaande uit gehakt weefsel in plastic-gecomprimeerde collageen bevattende een versterkende kern van een biologisch afbreekbare stof. Op deze manier kon levensvatbare cellen migreren van het gehakt weefsel deeltjes en vermenigvuldigen met morfologische kenmerken kenmerk van de oorspronkelijke epitheel (huid of urotheel). Met behulp van plastic compressie, het schavot was verminderend in grootte van 1 cm tot ongeveer 420 urn als het gehakte deeltjes ingekapseld in de bovenlaag collageen. De kern kan elk polymeer materiaal zijn, maar moet worden gemodificeerd met een hydrofiel oppervlak om elkaar te verbinden met de betreffende collageenlagen 11. De werkwijze verschaft een verbeterd scaffold integriteit doordat een gebreid gaas bestaande uit poly (ε-caprolacton) (PCL) binnen twee plastic gecomprimeerd collageen gels gebruikt als een steiger voor het kweken gehakt blaasmucosa of gehakt huid van varkens. Het construct werd in celkweek omstandigheden gedurende tot 6 weken in vitro, demonstreren succesvolle vorming van een gelaagde, meerlaagse urotheel of squameus epitheel huid op de bovenkant van een goed geconsolideerd hybride construct. Het construct was gemakkelijk te hanteren en kan plaats gehecht voor blaas augmentatie doeleinden of deksel van defecten. Alle delen van het weefsel scaffold zijn FDA goedgekeurd en de techniekkunnen worden gebruikt voor eentraps procedures weefsel oogsten, hakken, plastic compressie en transplanteren naar de patiënt als eenmalig gefaseerde interventie. De procedure kan worden uitgevoerd voor weefselexpansie en wederopbouw onder steriele omstandigheden in een algemene chirurgie unit.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicone catheter 10-French</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM 10X</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>31885-023</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>24 well plates</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>08-772-1</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3&#39;3,&#39;5-Triiodothyronine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>IRMM469</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4% PFA</td>
			<td>Labmed Solutions</td>
			<td>200-001-8</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70% ethanol</td>
			<td>Histolab</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ABC Elite kit: Biotin -Streptavidin detection kit</td>
			<td>Vector</td>
			<td>PK6102</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Absolute ethanol</td>
			<td>Histolab</td>
			<td>1399.01</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Adenine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A8626</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Atropine 25 &#956;g/kg&#160;</td>
			<td>Temgesic, RB Pharmaceuticals, Great Britain</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Azaperone 2&#8201;mg/kg&#160;</td>
			<td>Stresnil, Janssen-Cilag, Pharma, Austria</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biosafety Level 2 hood&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plastic compression; Section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Blocking solution:&#160; Normal serum from the same species as the secondary secondary antibody was generated in.</td>
			<td>Vector</td>
			<td>The blocking solution depends of the&#160; origin of&#160; first antibody</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine 45 &#956;g/kg</td>
			<td>Atropin, Mylan Inc, Canonsburg, PA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carprofen 3&#8201;mg/kg&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>Rimadyl, Orion Pharma, Sweden</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chlorhexidine gluconate&#160;</td>
			<td>Hibiscrub 40&#8201;mg/mL, Regent Medical, England</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cholera toxin&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C8052</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Coplin jar: staining jar for boiling</td>
			<td>Histolab</td>
			<td>6150</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stainless mold&#160; (33x22x10 mm) custom made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plastic compression; Section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>3188-5023</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4. Keep on ice&#160; when using it in plastic compression</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epidermal growth factor</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>E9644</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethilon (non-absorbable monofilament for skin sutures)</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Surgery, Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal bovine serum (FBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>10437-036</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps (Adison with tooth)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gauze (Gazin Mullkompresse)&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ham&#180;s F12</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>31765-027</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hematoxylin</td>
			<td>Histolab</td>
			<td>1820</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Humidity chamber</td>
			<td>DALAB</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H0888</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrogen peroxide Solution 30%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H1009</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>I3536</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane&#160;</td>
			<td>Isoflurane, Baxter, Deerfield, IL</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lidocaine 5 mg/ml</td>
			<td>Xylocaine, AstraZeneca, Sweden</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lucose 25&#8201;mg/mL&#160;</td>
			<td>Baxter, Deerfield, IL</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Marker pen pap pen</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Z377821-1EA</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Medetomidine 25 &#956;g/kg&#160;</td>
			<td>Domitor, Orion Pharma, Sweden</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mincing device</td>
			<td>Applied Tissue Technologies LLC</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>&#160;Minced tissue preparation, section 2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Monocryl (absorbable monofilament)</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Surgery, Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S7653</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaOH 1N</td>
			<td>Merck Millipore</td>
			<td>106462</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4 and cell culture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nylon mesh, 110 uM thick pore size 0.04 sqmm</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plastic compression; Section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oculentum simplex APL: ointment for eye protection</td>
			<td>APL</td>
			<td>Vnr 336164</td>
			<td>Surgery, Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>14190-094</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phenobarbiturate 15&#8201;mg/kg&#160;</td>
			<td>Pentobarbital, APL, Sweden</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PLGA Knitted fabric</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plastic compression; Section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rat-tail collagen</td>
			<td>First LINK, Ltd, UK</td>
			<td>60-30-810</td>
			<td>Plastic compression section 4, keep on ice</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scalpel blade - 15</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Shaving shears</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stainless stell mesh, 400 uM thick pore size&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plastic compression; Section 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steril gloves</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile gowns</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile drapes</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterilium</td>
			<td>Bode Chemie HAMBURG</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suture Thread Ethilon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TE-solution (antigen unmasking solution) consist of 10 mM Tris and 1 mM EDTA, pH 9.0</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>10 mM Tris/1 mM EDTA,&#160; adjust pH to&#160; 9.0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tiletamine hypochloride 2,5&#8201;mg/kg</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transferrin&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T8158</td>
			<td>&#160; In vitro culture; Section 5</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trizma Base, H2NC&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T6066</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vector VIP kit: Enzyme&#160; peroxidase substrate&#160; kit</td>
			<td>Vector</td>
			<td>SK4600</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vicryl (absorbable braded)</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Surgery, Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris buffer pH 7.6 (washing buffer)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>TE solution: Make 10X&#160; (0,5M Tris, 1,5M NaCl) by mixing: 60,6 g Tris (Trizma Base, H2NC(CH2OH)3, M=121.14 g/mol), add 800 ml&#160; distilled water adjust the pH till 7.6, add 87,7 g NaCl and fill to 1000 ml with&#160; distilled water. Dilute to 1X with distilled water.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>X-tra solv (solvent)</td>
			<td>DALAB</td>
			<td>41-5213-810</td>
			<td>Immunocytochemistry; Section 6. Use under fume hood</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Zolazepam hypochloride</td>
			<td>Zoletil, Virbac, France</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Depilatory wax strips</td>
			<td>Veet</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Preparing the animal for surgery , Section 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pentobarbital sodium</td>
			<td>Lundbeck</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Termination, Section 3</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

minced tissue in compressed collagen: a cell-containing biotransplant for single-staged reconstructive repair

Conventional techniques for cell expansion and transplantation of autologous cells for tissue engineering purposes can take place in specially equipped human cell culture facilities. These methods include isolation of cells in single cell suspension and several laborious and time-consuming events before transplantation back to the patient. Previous studies suggest that the body itself could be used as a bioreactor for cell expansion and regeneration of tissue in order to minimize ex vivo manipulations of tissues and cells before transplanting to the patient. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a method for tissue harvesting, isolation of continuous epithelium, mincing of the epithelium into small pieces and incorporating them into a three-layered biomaterial. The three-layered biomaterial then served as a delivery vehicle, to allow surgical handling, exchange of nutrition across the transplant, and a controlled degradation. The biomaterial consisted of two outer layers of collagen and a core of a mechanically stable and slowly degradable polymer. The minced epithelium was incorporated into one of the collagen layers before transplantation. By mincing the epithelial tissue into small pieces, the pieces could be spread and thereby the propagation of cells was stimulated. After the initial take of the transplants, cell expansion and reorganization would take place and extracellular matrix mature to allow ingrowth of capillaries and nerves and further maturation of the extracellular matrix. The technique minimizes ex vivo manipulations and allow cell harvesting, preparation of autograft, and transplantation to the patient as a simple one-stage intervention. In the future, tissue expansion could be initiated around a 3D mold inside the body itself, according to the specific needs of the patient. Additionally, the technique could be performed in an ordinary surgical setting without the need for sophisticated cell culturing facilities.

Deze studie presenteert een methode die laat zien hoe een biomateriaal voor transplantatie te produceren met behulp van plastic compressie van collageen en gehakt weefsel. Blaasslijmvlies en huid kunnen worden geoogst en vervolgens mechanisch in kleine deeltjes gehakt (figuur 3). Door kunststof compressie, worden de gehakte deeltjes opgenomen in de samengestelde steiger bestaande uit een centrale bioafbreekbaar polymeer dat mechanisch sterke binnen buitenlagen van een collag...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair at JoVE.com

Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair

Weefselmanipulatie omvat vaak in vitro expansie om autologe voor weefselregeneratie creëren. Deze studie geeft een werkwijze voor weefselexpansie, regeneratie, reconstructie en in vivo werd ontwikkeld om de verwerking van cellen en biologische materialen buiten het lichaam te minimaliseren.

Gehakt Tissue in Compressed Collageen: A-cel met Biotransplant voor Single-geënsceneerde Reconstructieve Repair

Conventional techniques for cell expansion and transplantation of autologous cells for tissue engineering purposes can take place in specially equipped ...

The overall goal of the following procedure is to transplant autologous tissue for its expansion during reconstructive surgery. This is accomplished by first harvesting a biopsy from the tissue of interest. Next, the biopsy is minced and a plastic compressed polycapro-lactone, or PCL, collagen autograft is constructed.The PCL and otologous minced tissues are then integrated to create the 3D scaffold. We have used a one to six expansion rate. Next, the scaffold is transplanted back into the subject.Ultimately, the regeneration of the autografted tissue can be assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of the proliferation and reorganization of the cells within the scaffolds and minced tissue particles. This method will be demonstrated in an animal model, on skin, and on urothelium. The implication of this technique extends toward the treatment of severely malformed tissues or after trauma in instances where there's severe lack of tissue for the surgical repair.The main advantage of this technique over existing methods, like in vitro culturing, is that this method can be performed as a one-stage surgical procedure. Visual demonstration of this method is critical, as the steps from the tissue harvest to the transplantation need to be performed under sterile conditions. To obtain a porcine bladder biopsy specimen, first, grasp the bladder with the forceps, and use a sterilized measuring tape to determine the dimensions of the tissue.Next, use a sterilized pen to mark an ellipsis shaped biopsy two by one centimeter, aiming for a one to six expansion rate. Then, excise the marked tissue with a scalpel, and place the bladder biopsy specimen in DMEM under sterile conditions. To harvest a skin biopsy specimen, use a dermatome to harvest a 0.3 millimeter partial thickness specimen.Then, place the tissue in DMEM and cover the wound area with a dressing. Next, wash the bladder biopsy twice in DMEM and transfer the tissue onto a sterilized dissecting plate, with the mucosa facing upwards. Using dissection pins, fix one side of the specimen to the plate and use fine scissors and forceps to separate the mucosal tissue from the detrusor muscle.Then, place a mincing device on top of the mucosa and pass it vertically and horizontally from one end of the tissue to the other to obtain 0.8 by 0.8 millimeter pieces of minced tissue. Note that the mincing device needs to be pressed on the tissue while running over it. To prepare a plastic compressed collagen autograft, first add one normal sodium hydroxide drop by drop into 10X DMEM supplemented with collagen type I until the medium turns from intense yellow to pink.After confirming a pH of 7.4 to 8, carefully mix two milliliters of DMEM into the solution. Then, plate approximately two milliliters of collagen into a well of a 20x30x10 millimeter steel rectangular mold and incubate the collagen for ten minutes. When the collagen has set, plate the appropriate volume of PCL biomaterial on top of the gelled collagen and pour the remaining six milliliters of collagen on top of the PCL.Place the mold back into the incubator for another 20 minutes. Next, stack a thick layer of gauze pads onto a sterile surface. Then, place a 400 micron thick stainless steel mesh on top of the gauze, followed by a 110 micron thick sheet of nylon mesh.Gently transfer the collagen gel onto the nylon mesh and carefully remove the rectangular steel mold. Transfer the minced tissue onto the collagen. Here, we aim at a one to six expansion rate.Then, place a new layer of nylon mesh on top of the collagen gel and tissue, then place a second steel mesh on top of the nylon mesh, followed by a loading plate weighing a minimum of 120 grams. After five minutes, remove the weight, steel meshes, and nylon from the autograft. For in vitro culture of the autograft, first cut the thinned construct into pieces small enough to fit into 12 well plates.Then, add one milliliter of keritinocyte medium to each well and incubate the tissues for three to six weeks. To transplant an autograft with minced bladder mucosa to a pig bladder, moisten the graft with DMEM. Then, graft the construct to the healthy tissue with fine running monofilament sutures.Confirm that the graft is water tight by filling the bladder with saline through the indwelling urinary catheter. To transplant an autograft with minced skin epidermis to a full thickness wound, moisten the graft with DMEM. Then, using interrupted sutures in the corners and middle of the autograft, attach the construct to the bottom of the skin full thickness wound.Finally, cover the wound with a plastic dressing to keep it moist. As observed in this image of a minced skin autotransplant, the composite biograft can sustain grasping, suturing, and surgical handling. Immunohistochemistry at different time points during the in vitro culture reveals that the cells proliferate, migrate, and reorganize into a continuous epithelium with a microarchitecture typical for the cell phenotype.For example, at two weeks, the cell layer on the surface of the skin autograft is approximately two layers thick. To the right, bladder epithelium is about eight layers thick after the same culture period. After five to six weeks, the continuous epithelium is approximately eight to ten cell layers thick in both minced skin epithelium and minced bladder mucosa autografts.Compared to tissue expansion in vitro, this method is quick, less labor intensive, and does not require sophisticated laboratory resources. In addition, all parts are FDA approved, allowing their use in standard surgical setting. While attempting this procedure, it's important to remember to prepare the gel, biotransplants, and autologous tissues under sterile conditions.Following this procedure and other methods like in vitro culture of the cells can be performed to answer additional questions about cell proliferation and differentiation. After its development, this technique may pave the way for researchers in the field of regenerative medicine. By these means, we could treat severe malformations in the skin or urinary system with autologous tissue engineered transplants.

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Electric Field-controlled Directed Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells in 2D and 3D Environments

Electric Field-gecontroleerde Directed migratie van neurale stamcellen in 2D-en 3D-omgevingen

Endogenous electric fields (EFs) occur naturally in vivo and play a critical role during tissue/organ development and regeneration, including that of the ...

Fabrication and Application of Rose Bengal-chitosan Films in Laser Tissue Repair

Fabricage en toepassing van Rose Bengal-chitosan Films in Laser Tissue Repair

Photochemical tissue bonding (PTB) is a sutureless technique for tissue repair, which is achieved by applying a solution of rose bengal (RB) between two ...

An Improved Method for the Preparation of Type I Collagen From Skin

Een verbeterde werkwijze voor de bereiding van type I collageen van de huid

Soluble type 1 collagen (COL1) is used extensively as an adhesive substrate for cell cultures and as a cellular scaffold for regenerative applications. ...

Imaging Denatured Collagen Strands In vivo and Ex vivo via Photo-triggered Hybridization of Caged Collagen Mimetic Peptides

Imaging Denatured Collagen Strands In vivo and Ex vivo via Photo-triggered Hybridization of Caged Collagen Mimetic Peptides

Beeldvorming Gedenatureerd Collageen Strengen<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; En<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Via-Foto getriggerd Hybridisatie van Caged Collageen Mimetic Peptiden

Collagen is a major structural component of the extracellular matrix that supports tissue formation and maintenance. Although collagen remodeling is an ...

Analysis of Cell Migration within a Three-dimensional Collagen Matrix

Analyse van cel-migratie binnen Driedimensionale Collagen Matrix

The ability to migrate is a hallmark of various cell types and plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including&#160;embryonic ...

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding

Genereren van een drie-dimensionale volledige dikte huidequivalent en Automated Verwonden

In vitro models are a cost effective and ethical alternative to study cutaneous wound healing processes. Moreover, by using human cells, these models ...

Engineering 3D Cellularized Collagen Gels for Vascular Tissue Regeneration

Engineering 3D Cellularized Collageen Gel voor Vasculaire Tissue Regeneration

Synthetic materials are known to initiate clinical complications such as inflammation, stenosis, and infections when implanted as vascular substitutes. ...

Engineered 3D Silk-collagen-based Model of Polarized Neural Tissue

Engineered 3D Silk-collageen-gebaseerde model van de gepolariseerde zenuwweefsel

Despite huge efforts to decipher the anatomy, composition and function of the brain, it remains the least understood organ of the human body. To gain a ...

Layer-by-layer Collagen Deposition in Microfluidic Devices for Microtissue Stabilization

Layer-by-layer Collageen depositie in Microfluïdische Inrichtingen voor Microtissue Stabilization

Although microfluidics provides exquisite control of the cellular microenvironment, culturing cells within microfluidic devices can be challenging. 3D ...

Applications of In Vivo Functional Testing of the Rat Tibialis Anterior for Evaluating Tissue Engineered Skeletal Muscle Repair

Applications of In Vivo Functional Testing of the Rat Tibialis Anterior for Evaluating Tissue Engineered Skeletal Muscle Repair

toepassingen van<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; Functioneel testen van de Rat tibialis anterior voor de evaluatie van Tissue Engineered Skeletal Muscle Repair

Despite the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle, permanent functional and/or cosmetic deficits (e.g., volumetric muscle loss (VML) resulting from ...